NETCONF Working Group | K. Watsen |
Internet-Draft | Watsen Networks |
Intended status: Standards Track | May 20, 2020 |
Expires: November 21, 2020 |
A YANG Data Model for a Truststore
draft-ietf-netconf-trust-anchors-10
This document defines a YANG 1.1 data model for configuring globally-accessible bags of certificates and public keys that can be referenced by other data models for trust.
This draft contains placeholder values that need to be replaced with finalized values at the time of publication. This note summarizes all of the substitutions that are needed. No other RFC Editor instructions are specified elsewhere in this document.
Artwork in this document contains shorthand references to drafts in progress. Please apply the following replacements:
Artwork in this document contains placeholder values for the date of publication of this draft. Please apply the following replacement:
The following Appendix section is to be removed prior to publication:
This document presents a YANG module or modules that is/are part of a collection of drafts that work together to produce the ultimate goal of the NETCONF WG: to define configuration modules for NETCONF client and servers, and RESTCONF client and servers.
The relationship between the various drafts in the collection is presented in the below diagram.
crypto-types ^ ^ / \ / \ trust-anchors keystore ^ ^ ^ ^ | +---------+ | | | | | | | +------------+ | tcp-client-server | / | | ^ ^ ssh-client-server | | | | ^ tls-client-server | | | ^ ^ http-client-server | | | | | ^ | | | +-----+ +---------+ | | | | | | | | +-----------|--------|--------------+ | | | | | | | | +-----------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | netconf-client-server restconf-client-server
Full draft names and link to drafts:
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This document defines a YANG 1.1 [RFC7950] data model for configuring globally-accessible bags of certificates and public keys that can be referenced by other data models for trust.
This document in compliant with Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342]. For instance, trust anchors installed during manufacturing (e.g., for trusted well-known services), are expected to appear in <operational> (see Section 3).
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in [RFC8340].
The following tree diagram provides an overview of the "ietf-truststore" module.
module: ietf-truststore +--rw truststore +--rw certificate-bags! {certificates}? | +--rw certificate-bag* [name] | +--rw name string | +--rw description? string | +--rw certificate* [name] | +--rw name string | +--rw cert trust-anchor-cert-cms | +---n certificate-expiration | +-- expiration-date yang:date-and-time +--rw public-key-bags! {public-keys}? +--rw public-key-bag* [name] +--rw name string +--rw description? string +--rw public-key* [name] +--rw name string +--rw public-key-format identityref +--rw public-key binary grouping local-or-truststore-certs-grouping +-- (local-or-truststore) +--:(local) {local-definitions-supported}? | +-- local-definition | +-- cert* trust-anchor-cert-cms | +---n certificate-expiration | +-- expiration-date yang:date-and-time +--:(truststore) {truststore-supported,certificates}? +-- truststore-reference? ts:certificate-bag-ref grouping local-or-truststore-public-keys-grouping +-- (local-or-truststore) +--:(local) {local-definitions-supported}? | +-- local-definition | +-- public-key* [name] | +-- name? string | +-- public-key-format identityref | +-- public-key binary +--:(truststore) {truststore-supported,public-keys}? +-- truststore-reference? ts:public-key-bag-ref grouping truststore-grouping +-- certificate-bags! {certificates}? | +-- certificate-bag* [name] | +-- name? string | +-- description? string | +-- certificate* [name] | +-- name? string | +-- cert trust-anchor-cert-cms | +---n certificate-expiration | +-- expiration-date yang:date-and-time +-- public-key-bags! {public-keys}? +-- public-key-bag* [name] +-- name? string +-- description? string +-- public-key* [name] +-- name? string +-- public-key-format identityref +-- public-key binary
The following example illustrates trust anchors in <intended>. Please see Section 3 for an example illustrating built-in values in <operational>.
========== NOTE: '\' line wrapping per BCP XXX (RFC XXXX) =========== <truststore xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore" xmlns:ct="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-crypto-types"> <!-- A bag of Certificate Bags --> <certificate-bags> <!-- CA Certs for Authenticating Servers Using Private PKIs --> <certificate-bag> <name>trusted-server-ca-certs</name> <description> Trust anchors (i.e. CA certs) used to authenticate server certificates. A server certificate is authenticated if its end-entity certificate has a chain of trust to one of these certificates. </description> <certificate> <name>Server Cert Issuer #1</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>Server Cert Issuer #2</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> <!-- Pinned End Entity Certs for Authenticating Servers --> <certificate-bag> <name>trusted-server-ee-certs</name> <description> Specific end-entity certificates used to authenticate server certificates. A server certificate is authenticated if its end-entity certificate is an exact match to one of these certificates. </description> <certificate> <name>My Application #1</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>My Application #2</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> <!-- CA Certs for Authenticating Clients --> <certificate-bag> <name>trusted-client-ca-certs</name> <description> Trust anchors (i.e. CA certs) used to authenticate client certificates. A client certificate is authenticated if its end-entity certificate has a chain of trust to one of these certificates. </description> <certificate> <name>Client Identity Issuer #1</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>Client Identity Issuer #2</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> <!-- Pinned End Entity Certs for Authenticating Clients --> <certificate-bag> <name>trusted-client-ee-certs</name> <description> Specific end-entity certificates used to authenticate client certificates. A client certificate is authenticated if its end-entity certificate is an exact match to one of these certificates. </description> <certificate> <name>George Jetson</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>Fred Flintstone</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> </certificate-bags> <!-- A List of Public Key Bags --> <public-key-bags> <!-- Public Keys for Authenticating SSH Servers --> <public-key-bag> <name>trusted-ssh-public-keys</name> <description> Specific SSH public keys used to authenticate SSH server public keys. An SSH server public key is authenticated if its public key is an exact match to one of these public keys. This list of SSH public keys is analogous to OpenSSH's "/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts" file. </description> <public-key> <name>corp-fw1</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> <public-key> <name>corp-fw2</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> </public-key-bag> <!-- SSH Public Keys for Authenticating User A --> <public-key-bag> <name>SSH Public Keys for User A</name> <description> SSH public keys used to authenticate a user A's SSH public keys. An SSH public key is authenticated if it is an exact match to one of these public keys. This list of public keys is analogous to OpenSSH's "~A/.ssh/authorized_keys" file. </description> <public-key> <name>From Source #1</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> <public-key> <name>From Source #2</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> </public-key-bag> <!-- SSH Public Keys for Authenticating User B --> <public-key-bag> <name>SSH Public Keys for User B</name> <description> SSH public keys used to authenticate a user B's SSH public keys. An SSH public key is authenticated if it is an exact match to one of these public keys. This list of public keys is analogous to OpenSSH's "~B/.ssh/authorized_keys" file. </description> <public-key> <name>From Source #1</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> <public-key> <name>From Source #2</name> <public-key-format>ct:ssh-public-key-format</public-key-form\ at> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> </public-key-bag> <!-- Raw Public Keys for TLS Servers --> <public-key-bag> <name>Raw Public Keys for TLS Servers</name> <public-key> <name>Raw Public Key #1</name> <public-key-format>ct:subject-public-key-info-format</public\ -key-format> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> <public-key> <name>Raw Public Key #2</name> <public-key-format>ct:subject-public-key-info-format</public\ -key-format> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> </public-key-bag> <!-- Raw Public Keys for TLS Clients --> <public-key-bag> <name>Raw Public Keys for TLS Clients</name> <public-key> <name>Raw Public Key #1</name> <public-key-format>ct:subject-public-key-info-format</public\ -key-format> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> <public-key> <name>Raw Public Key #2</name> <public-key-format>ct:subject-public-key-info-format</public\ -key-format> <public-key>base64encodedvalue==</public-key> </public-key> </public-key-bag> </public-key-bags> </truststore>
The following example illustrates the "certificate-expiration" notification in use with the NETCONF protocol.
========== NOTE: '\' line wrapping per BCP XXX (RFC XXXX) =========== <notification xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:notification:1.0"> <eventTime>2018-05-25T00:01:00Z</eventTime> <truststore xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore"> <certificate-bags> <certificate-bag> <name>explicitly-trusted-client-certs</name> <certificate> <name>George Jetson</name> <certificate-expiration> <expiration-date>2018-08-05T14:18:53-05:00</expiration-d\ ate> </certificate-expiration> </certificate> </certificate-bag> </certificate-bags> </truststore> </notification>
This YANG module imports modules from [RFC8341] and [I-D.ietf-netconf-crypto-types].
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-truststore@2020-05-20.yang"
module ietf-truststore { yang-version 1.1; namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore"; prefix ts; import ietf-netconf-acm { prefix nacm; reference "RFC 8341: Network Configuration Access Control Model"; } import ietf-crypto-types { prefix ct; reference "RFC AAAA: Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography"; } organization "IETF NETCONF (Network Configuration) Working Group"; contact "WG Web : <http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/netconf/> WG List : <mailto:netconf@ietf.org> Author : Kent Watsen <kent+ietf@watsen.net> Author : Henk Birkholz <henk.birkholz@sit.fraunhofer.de>"; description "This module defines a Truststore to centralize management of trust anchors including certificates and public keys. Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info). This version of this YANG module is part of RFC BBBB (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcBBBB); see the RFC itself for full legal notices. The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED', 'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here."; revision 2020-05-20 { description "Initial version"; reference "RFC BBBB: A YANG Data Model for a Truststore"; } /****************/ /* Features */ /****************/ feature truststore-supported { description "The 'truststore-supported' feature indicates that the server supports the Truststore (i.e., implements the 'ietf-truststore' module)."; } feature local-definitions-supported { description "The 'local-definitions-supported' feature indicates that the server supports locally-defined trust anchors."; } feature certificates { description "The 'certificates' feature indicates that the server implements the /truststore/certificate-bags subtree."; } feature public-keys { description "The 'public-keys' feature indicates that the server implements the /truststore/public-key-bags subtree."; } /****************/ /* Typedefs */ /****************/ typedef certificate-bag-ref { type leafref { path "/ts:truststore/ts:certificate-bags/" + "ts:certificate-bag/ts:name"; } description "This typedef defines a reference to a certificate bag defined in the Truststore."; } typedef certificate-ref { type leafref { path "/ts:truststore/certificate-bags/certificate-bag" + "[name = current()/../certificate-bag]/certificate/name"; } description "This typedef define a reference to a specific certificate in a certificate bag defined in the Truststore. This typedef requires that there exist a sibling 'leaf' node called 'certificate-bag' that SHOULD have the typedef 'certificate-bag-ref'."; } typedef public-key-bag-ref { type leafref { path "/ts:truststore/ts:public-key-bags/" + "ts:public-key-bag/ts:name"; } description "This typedef define a reference to a public key bag defined in the Truststore."; } typedef public-key-ref { type leafref { path "/ts:truststore/public-key-bags/public-key-bag" + "[name = current()/../public-key-bag]/" + "public-key/name"; } description "This typedef define a reference to a specific public key in a public key bag defined in the Truststore. This typedef requires that there exist a sibling 'leaf' node called 'public-key-bag' that SHOULD have the typedef 'public-key-bag-ref'."; } /*****************/ /* Groupings */ /*****************/ grouping local-or-truststore-certs-grouping { description "A grouping that allows the certificates to be either configured locally, within the using data model, or be a reference to a certificate bag stored in the Truststore."; choice local-or-truststore { mandatory true; case local { if-feature "local-definitions-supported"; container local-definition { description "A container for locally configured trust anchor certificates."; uses ct:trust-anchor-certs-grouping; } } case truststore { if-feature "truststore-supported"; if-feature "certificates"; leaf truststore-reference { type ts:certificate-bag-ref; description "A reference to a certificate bag that exists in the Truststore."; } } description "A choice between an inlined definition and a definition that exists in the Truststore."; } } grouping local-or-truststore-public-keys-grouping { description "A grouping that allows the public keys to be either configured locally, within the using data model, or be a reference to a public key bag stored in the Truststore."; choice local-or-truststore { mandatory true; case local { if-feature "local-definitions-supported"; container local-definition { description "Container to hold local public key definitions."; list public-key { key name; description "A public key definition."; leaf name { type string; description "An arbitrary name for this public key."; } uses ct:public-key-grouping; } } } case truststore { if-feature "truststore-supported"; if-feature "public-keys"; leaf truststore-reference { type ts:public-key-bag-ref; description "A reference to a bag of public keys that exist in the Truststore."; } } description "A choice between an inlined definition and a definition that exists in the Truststore."; } } grouping truststore-grouping { description "Grouping definition enables use in other contexts. Where used, implementations SHOULD augment new 'case' statements into the local-or-truststore 'choice' statements to supply leafrefs to the model-specific location."; container certificate-bags { if-feature "certificates"; presence "Indicates that certificate bags have been configured."; description "A collection of certificate bags."; list certificate-bag { key "name"; min-elements 1; description "A bag of certificates. Each bag of certificates SHOULD be for a specific purpose. For instance, one bag could be used to authenticate a specific set of servers, while another could be used to authenticate a specific set of clients."; leaf name { type string; description "An arbitrary name for this bag of certificates."; } leaf description { type string; description "A description for this bag of certificates. The intended purpose for the bag SHOULD be described."; } list certificate { key "name"; min-elements 1; description "A trust anchor certificate."; leaf name { type string; description "An arbitrary name for this certificate."; } uses ct:trust-anchor-cert-grouping { refine "cert" { mandatory true; } } } } } container public-key-bags { if-feature "public-keys"; presence "Indicates that public keys have been configured."; description "A collection of public key bags."; list public-key-bag { key "name"; min-elements 1; description "A bag of public keys. Each bag of keys SHOULD be for a specific purpose. For instance, one bag could be used authenticate a specific set of servers, while another could be used to authenticate a specific set of clients."; leaf name { type string; description "An arbitrary name for this bag of public keys."; } leaf description { type string; description "A description for this bag public keys. The intended purpose for the bag SHOULD be described."; } list public-key { key "name"; min-elements 1; description "A public key."; leaf name { type string; description "An arbitrary name for this public key."; } uses ct:public-key-grouping; } } } } /*********************************/ /* Protocol accessible nodes */ /*********************************/ container truststore { nacm:default-deny-write; description "The Truststore contains bags of certificates and public keys."; uses truststore-grouping; } }
<CODE ENDS>
In some implementations, a server may define some built-in trust anchors. For instance, there may be built-in trust anchors enabling the server to securely connect to well-known services (e.g., an SZTP [RFC8572] bootstrap server) or public CA certificates to connect to arbitrary services using public PKI.
Built-in trust anchors are expected to be set by a vendor-specific process. Any ability for operators to modify built-in trust anchors is outside the scope of this document.
As built-in trust anchors are provided by the system, they are present in <operational>. The example below illustrates what the Truststore in <operational> might look like for a server in its factory default state.
<truststore xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore" xmlns:ct="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-crypto-types" xmlns:or="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-origin" or:origin="or:intended"> <certificate-bags> <certificate-bag or:origin="or:system"> <name>Built-In Manufacturer CA Certificates</name> <description> Certificates built into the device for authenticating manufacturer-signed objects, such as TLS server certificates, vouchers, etc. </description> <certificate> <name>Manufacturer Root CA Cert</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> <certificate-bag or:origin="or:system"> <name>Built-In Public CA Certificates</name> <description> Certificates built into the device for authenticating certificates issued by public certificate authorities, such as the end-entity certificate for web servers. </description> <certificate> <name>Public Root CA Cert 1</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>Public Root CA Cert 2</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> <certificate> <name>Public Root CA Cert 3</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> </certificate-bags> </truststore>
In order for the built-in trust anchors to be referenced by configuration, the referenced nodes MUST first be copied into <running>. They SHOULD be copied into <running> using the same "key" values, so that the system can bind the references to the built-in entries. Only the referenced nodes need to be copied. When using the same key values as in <operational> no new values can be added and no existing values can be changed; that which is in <running> can only be a subset of that which is in <operational>.
For instance, the following example illustrates how a single built-in public CA certificate from the previous example has been propagated to <running>:
<truststore xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore" xmlns:ct="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-crypto-types"> <certificate-bags> <certificate-bag> <name>Built-In Public CA Certificates</name> <description> Certificates built into the device for authenticating certificates issued by public certificate authorities, such as the end-entity certificate for web servers. Only the subset of the certificates that are referenced by other configuration nodes need to be copied. For instance, only "Public Root CA Cert 3" is present here. No new certificates can be added, nor existing certificate values changed. Missing certificates have no effect on "operational" when the configuration is applied. </description> <certificate> <name>Public Root CA Cert 3</name> <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert> </certificate> </certificate-bag> </certificate-bags> </truststore>
The YANG module defined in this document is designed to be accessed via YANG based management protocols, such as NETCONF [RFC6241] and RESTCONF [RFC8040]. Both of these protocols have mandatory-to-implement secure transport layers (e.g., SSH, TLS) with mutual authentication.
The NETCONF access control model (NACM) [RFC8341] provides the means to restrict access for particular users to a pre-configured subset of all available protocol operations and content.
There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config) to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative effect on network operations. These are the subtrees and data nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
None of the readable data nodes in this YANG module are considered sensitive or vulnerable in network environments.
This module does not define any RPCs, actions, or notifications, and thus the security consideration for such is not provided here.
This document registers one URI in the "ns" subregistry of the IETF XML Registry [RFC3688]. Following the format in [RFC3688], the following registration is requested:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore Registrant Contact: The NETCONF WG of the IETF. XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
This document registers one YANG module in the YANG Module Names registry [RFC6020]. Following the format in [RFC6020], the the following registration is requested:
name: ietf-truststore namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-truststore prefix: ta reference: RFC BBBB
[I-D.ietf-netconf-crypto-types] | Watsen, K., "Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography", Internet-Draft draft-ietf-netconf-crypto-types-15, May 2020. |
[RFC2119] | Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997. |
[RFC7950] | Bjorklund, M., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language", RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016. |
[RFC8174] | Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017. |
[RFC8341] | Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341, DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018. |
[RFC3688] | Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004. |
[RFC6020] | Bjorklund, M., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020, DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010. |
[RFC6241] | Enns, R., Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J. and A. Bierman, "Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011. |
[RFC8040] | Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M. and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017. |
[RFC8340] | Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, "YANG Tree Diagrams", BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018. |
[RFC8342] | Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K. and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018. |
[RFC8572] | Watsen, K., Farrer, I. and M. Abrahamsson, "Secure Zero Touch Provisioning (SZTP)", RFC 8572, DOI 10.17487/RFC8572, April 2019. |
The authors especially thank Henk Birkholz for contributing YANG to the ietf-truststore module supporting raw public keys and PSKs (pre-shared or pairwise-symmetric keys). While these contributions were eventually replaced by reusing the existing support for asymmetric and symmetric trust anchors, respectively, it was only thru Henk's initiative that the WG was able to come to that result.
The authors additionally thank the following for helping give shape to this work (ordered by last name): Martin Bjorklund, Nick Hancock, Balázs Kovács, Eric Voit, and Liang Xia.