| NETMOD | L. Lhotka |
| Internet-Draft | CZ.NIC |
| Intended status: Standards Track | July 9, 2012 |
| Expires: January 08, 2013 |
A YANG Data Model for Routing Configuration
draft-ietf-netmod-routing-cfg-04
This document contains a specification of three YANG modules. Together they form the core routing data model which serves as a framework for configuring a routing subsystem. It is therefore expected that these modules will be augmented by additional YANG modules defining data models for individual routing protocols and other related functions. The core routing data model provides common building blocks for such configurations - router instances, routes, routing tables, routing protocols and route filters.
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This Internet-Draft will expire on January 08, 2013.
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
This document contains a specification of the following YANG modules:
These modules together define the so-called core routing data model, which is proposed as a basis for the development of data models for more sophisticated routing configurations. While these three modules can be directly used for simple IP devices with static routing, their main purpose is to provide essential building blocks for more complicated setups involving multiple routing protocols, multicast routing, additional address families, and advanced functions such as route filtering or policy routing. To this end, it is expected that the core routing data model will be augmented by numerous modules developed by other IETF working groups.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
The following terms are defined in [RFC6241]:
The following terms are defined in [RFC6020]:
In this document, names of data nodes, RPC methods and other data model objects are used mostly without a prefix, as long as it is clear from the context in which YANG module each name is defined. Otherwise, names are prefixed using the standard prefix associated with the corresponding YANG module, as shown in Table 1.
| Prefix | YANG module | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| ianaaf | iana-afn-safi | [IANA-IF-AF] |
| if | ietf-interfaces | [YANG-IF] |
| ip | ietf-ip | [YANG-IP] |
| rip | example-rip | Appendix Appendix A |
| rt | ietf-routing | Section 6 |
| v4ur | ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing | Section 7 |
| v6ur | ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing | Section 8 |
| yang | ietf-yang-types | [RFC6021] |
| inet | ietf-inet-types | [RFC6021] |
The initial design of the core routing data model was driven by the following objectives:
The core routing data model consists of three YANG modules. The first module, "ietf-routing", defines the generic components of a routing system. The other two modules, "ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing" and "ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing", augment the "ietf-routing" module with additional data nodes that are needed for IPv4 and IPv6 unicast routing, respectively. The combined data hierarchy is shown in Figure 1, where brackets enclose list keys, "rw" means configuration, "ro" operational state data, and "?" means optional node. Parentheses enclose choice and case nodes, and case nodes are also marked with a colon (":").
+--rw routing
+--rw router [name]
| +--rw name
| +--rw router-id?
| +--rw description?
| +--rw enabled?
| +--rw interfaces
| | +--rw interface [name]
| | +--rw name
| | +--rw v6ur:ipv6-router-advertisements
| | +--rw v6ur:send-advertisements?
| | +--rw v6ur:max-rtr-adv-interval?
| | +--rw v6ur:min-rtr-adv-interval?
| | +--rw v6ur:managed-flag?
| | +--rw v6ur:other-config-flag?
| | +--rw v6ur:link-mtu?
| | +--rw v6ur:reachable-time?
| | +--rw v6ur:retrans-timer?
| | +--rw v6ur:cur-hop-limit?
| | +--rw v6ur:default-lifetime?
| | +--rw v6ur:prefix-list
| | +--rw v6ur:prefix [prefix-spec]
| | +--rw v6ur:prefix-spec
| | +--rw (control-adv-prefixes)?
| | +--:(no-advertise)
| | | +--rw v6ur:no-advertise?
| | +--:(advertise)
| | +--rw v6ur:valid-lifetime?
| | +--rw v6ur:on-link-flag?
| | +--rw v6ur:preferred-lifetime?
| | +--rw v6ur:autonomous-flag?
| +--rw routing-protocols
| | +--rw routing-protocol [name]
| | +--rw name
| | +--rw description?
| | +--rw type
| | +--rw connected-routing-tables
| | | +--rw routing-table [name]
| | | +--rw name
| | | +--rw import-filter?
| | | +--rw export-filter?
| | +--rw static-routes
| | +--rw v4ur:ipv4
| | | +--rw v4ur:route [id]
| | | +--rw v4ur:id
| | | +--rw v4ur:description?
| | | +--rw v4ur:outgoing-interface?
| | | +--rw v4ur:dest-prefix
| | | +--rw v4ur:next-hop?
| | +--rw v6ur:ipv6
| | +--rw v6ur:route [id]
| | +--rw v6ur:id
| | +--rw v6ur:description?
| | +--rw v6ur:outgoing-interface?
| | +--rw v6ur:dest-prefix
| | +--rw v6ur:next-hop?
| +--rw routing-tables
| +--rw routing-table [name]
| +--rw name
| +--rw address-family?
| +--rw safi?
| +--rw description?
| +--ro routes
| | +--ro route
| | +--ro outgoing-interface?
| | +--ro source-protocol
| | +--ro age
| | +--ro v4ur:dest-prefix?
| | +--ro v4ur:next-hop?
| | +--ro v6ur:dest-prefix?
| | +--ro v6ur:next-hop?
| +--rw recipient-routing-tables
| +--rw recipient-routing-table [name]
| +--rw name
| +--rw filter?
+--rw route-filters
+--rw route-filter [name]
+--rw name
+--rw description?
+--rw type?
As can be seen from Figure 1, the core routing data model introduces several generic components of a routing framework: routers, routing tables containing routes, routing protocols and route filters. The following subsections describe these components in more detail.
By combining the components in various ways, and possibly augmenting them with appropriate contents defined in other modules, various routing setups can be realized.
+--------+
| direct | +---+ +--------------+ +---+ +--------------+
| routes |--->| F |--->| |<---| F |<---| |
+--------+ +---+ | main | +---+ | additional |
| routing | | routing |
+--------+ +---+ | table | +---+ | table |
| static |--->| F |--->| |--->| F |--->| |
| routes | +---+ +--------------+ +---+ +--------------+
+--------+ ^ | ^ |
| v | v
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
| F | | F | | F | | F |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
^ | ^ |
| v | v
+----------+ +----------+
| routing | | routing |
| protocol | | protocol |
+----------+ +----------+
The example in Figure 2 shows a typical (though certainly not the only possible) organization of a more complex routing subsystem for a single address family. Several of its features are worth mentioning:
Each router instance in the core routing data model represents a logical router. The exact semantics of this term is left to implementations. For example, router instances may be completely isolated virtual routers or, alternatively, they may internally share certain information.
Each network layer interface must be assigned to one or more router instances in order to be able to participate in packet forwarding, routing protocols and other operations of those router instances. The assignment is accomplished by creating a corresponding entry in the list of router interfaces ("rt:interface"). The key of the list entry MUST be the name of a configured network layer interface, i.e., the value of a node /if:interfaces/if:interface/if:name defined in the "ietf-interfaces" module [YANG-IF].
Implementations MAY specify additional rules for the assignment of interfaces to logical routers. For example, it may be required that the sets of interfaces assigned to different logical routers be disjoint.
Apart from the key, each entry of the "rt:interface" list MAY contain other configuration or operational state data related to the corresponding router interface.
The module "ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing" augments the definition of the data node "rt:interface" with definitions of the following configuration variables as required by [RFC4861], sec. 6.2.1: Section 8).
The definitions and descriptions of the above parameters can be found in the text of the module "ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing" (
NOTES:
Routes are basic units of information in a routing system. The core routing data model defines only the following minimal set of route attributes:
The above list of route attributes suffices for a simple static routing configuration. It is expected that future modules defining routing protocols will add other route attributes such as metrics or preferences.
Routes and their attributes are used both in configuration data, for example as manually configured static routes, and in operational state data, for example as entries in routing tables.
Routing tables are lists of routes complemented with administrative data, namely: [IANA-IF-AF].
Each routing table may contain only routes of the same address family. Address family information consists of two parameters - "address-family" and "safi" (Subsequent Address Family Identifier, SAFI). The permitted values for these two parameters are defined by IANA and represented using YANG enumeration types "ianaaf:address-family" and "ianaaf:subsequent-address-family"
In the core routing data model, the "routing-table" node represents configuration while the descendant list of routes is defined as operational state data. The contents of route lists are controlled and manipulated by routing protocol operations which may result in route additions, removals and modifications. This also includes manipulations via the "static" and/or "direct" pseudo-protocols, see Section 4.4.1.
One routing table MUST be present for each router instance and each address family supported by that router instance. It is the so-called main routing table to which all routing protocol instances supporting the given address family SHOULD be connected by default. For the two address families that are part of the core routing data model, the names of the main routing tables SHOULD be as follows:
Additional routing tables MAY be configured by creating new entries in the "routing-table" list, either as a part of factory-default configuration, or by a client's action.
The naming scheme for additional routing tables, as well as restrictions on the number and configurability of routing tables are implementation-specific.
The way how the routing system uses information from routing tables is outside the scope of this document. Typically, implementations will either use a forwarding table, or perform a direct look-up in the main routing table in conjunction with a route cache.
Every routing table can serve as a source of routes for other routing tables. To achieve this, one or more recipient routing tables may be specified in the configuration of the source routing table. In addition, a route filter may be configured for each recipient routing table, which selects and/or manipulates the routes that are passed on between the source and recipient routing table.
The core routing data model provides an open-ended framework for defining multiple routing protocol instances. Each of them is identified by a name, which MUST be unique within a router instance. Each protocol MUST be assigned a type, which MUST be an identity derived from the "rt:routing-protocol" base identity. The core routing data model defines two identities for the direct and static pseudo-protocols (Section 4.4.1).
Each routing protocol instance is connected to exactly one routing table for each address family that the routing protocol instance supports. By default, every routing protocol instance SHOULD be connected to the main routing table or tables. An implementation MAY allow any or all routing protocol instances to be configured to use a different routing table.
Routes learned from the network by a routing protocol are passed to the connected routing table(s) and vice versa - routes appearing in a routing table are passed to all routing protocols connected to the table (except "direct" and "static" pseudo-protocols) and may be advertised by that protocol to the network.
Two independent route filters (see Section 4.5) may be defined for a routing protocol instance to control the exchange of routes in both directions between the routing protocol instance and the connected routing table:
Note that, for historical reasons, the terms import and export are used from the viewpoint of a routing table.
The core routing data model defines two special routing protocol types - "direct" and "static". Both are in fact pseudo-protocols, which means that they are confined to the local device and do not exchange any routing information with neighboring routers. Routes from both "direct" and "static" protocol instances are passed to the connected routing table (subject to route filters, if any), but an exchange in the opposite direction is not allowed.
Every router instance MUST contain exactly one instance of the "direct" pseudo-protocol type. The name of this instance MUST also be "direct". It is the source of direct routes for all configured address families. Direct routes are normally supplied by the operating system kernel, based on the configuration of network interface addresses, see Section 5.2. Direct routes SHOULD by default appear in the main routing table for each configured address family. However, using the framework defined in this document, the target routing table for direct routes MAY be changed by connecting the "direct" protocol instance to a non-default routing table. Direct routes can also be filtered before they appear in the routing table.
A pseudo-protocol of the type "static" allows for specifying routes manually. It MAY be configured in zero or multiple instances, although a typical implementation will have exactly one instance per logical router.
It is expected that future YANG modules will create data models for additional routing protocol types. Such a new module has to define the protocol-specific configuration and operational state data, and it has to fit it into the core routing framework in the following way:
It is RECOMMENDED that both per-interface and other configuration data specific to the new protocol be encapsulated in an appropriately named container.
The above steps are implemented by the example YANG module for the RIP routing protocol in Appendix Appendix A. First, the module defines a new identity for the RIP protocol:
identity rip {
base rt:routing-protocol;
description "Identity for the RIP routing protocol.";
}
New route attributes specific to the RIP protocol ("metric" and "tag") are defined in a grouping and then added to the route definitions appearing in "routing-table" and in the output part of the "active-route" RPC method:
grouping route-content {
description
"RIP-specific route content.";
leaf metric {
type rip-metric;
}
leaf tag {
type uint16;
default "0";
description
"This leaf may be used to carry additional info, e.g. AS
number.";
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-tables/rt:routing-table/"
+ "rt:routes/rt:route" {
when "../../../../rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol[rt:name=current()/rt:source-protocol]/"
+ "rt:type='rip:rip'" {
description
"This augment is only valid if the source protocol from which
the route originated is RIP.";
}
description
"RIP-specific route components.";
uses route-content;
}
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:output/rt:route" {
description
"Add RIP-specific route content.";
uses route-content;
}
Per-interface configuration data are defined by the following "augment" statement:
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:interfaces/rt:interface" {
when "../../rt:routing-protocols/rt:routing-protocol/rt:type = "
+ "'rip:rip'";
container rip {
description
"Per-interface RIP configuration.";
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "true";
}
leaf metric {
type rip-metric;
default "1";
}
}
}
Finally, global RIP configuration data are integrated into the "rt:routing-protocol" node by using the following "augment" statement, which is again valid only for routing protocol instances whose type is "rip:rip":
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol" {
when "rt:type = 'rip:rip'";
container rip {
leaf update-interval {
type uint8 {
range "10..60";
}
units "seconds";
default "30";
description
"Time interval between periodic updates.";
}
}
}
The core routing data model provides a skeleton for defining route filters that can be used to restrict the set of routes being exchanged between a routing protocol instance and a connected routing table, or between a source and a recipient routing table. Route filters may also manipulate routes, i.e., add, delete, or modify their attributes.
Route filters are global, which means that a configured route filter may be used by any or all router instances.
By itself, the route filtering framework defined in this document allows for applying only the extreme routing policies which are represented by the following pre-defined route filter types:
Note that the latter type is equivalent to no route filter.
It is expected that more comprehensive route filtering frameworks will be developed separately.
Each route filter is identified by a name which MUST be unique within the entire configuration. Its type MUST be specified by the "type" identity reference - this opens the space for multiple route filtering framework implementations. The default value for the route filter type is the identity "deny-all-route-filter".
The "ietf-routing" module defines two RPC operations:
Their parameters and semantics are described in the following subsections.
The semantics of the core routing data model also depend on several configuration parameters that are defined in other YANG modules. The following subsections describe these interactions.
The following boolean switch is defined in the "ietf-interfaces" YANG module [YANG-IF]:
The following boolean switches are defined in the "ietf-ip" YANG module [YANG-IP]:
In addition, the "ietf-ip" module allows for configuring IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and subnet masks. Configuration of these parameters on an enabled interface MUST result in an immediate creation of the corresponding direct route (usually in the main routing table). Its destination prefix is set according to the configured IP address and subnet mask, and the interface is set as the outgoing interface for that route.
RFC Ed.: In this section, replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC number and all occurrences of the revision date below with the date of RFC publication (and remove this note).
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-routing@2012-07-09.yang"
module ietf-routing {
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing";
prefix "rt";
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix "inet";
}
import ietf-interfaces {
prefix "if";
}
import iana-afn-safi {
prefix "ianaaf";
}
organization
"IETF NETMOD (NETCONF Data Modeling Language) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/>
WG List: <mailto:netmod@ietf.org>
WG Chair: David Kessens
<mailto:david.kessens@nsn.com>
WG Chair: Juergen Schoenwaelder
<mailto:j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
Editor: Ladislav Lhotka
<mailto:lhotka@nic.cz>
";
description
"This YANG module defines essential components that may be used
for configuring a routing subsystem.
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see the
RFC itself for full legal notices.
";
revision 2012-07-09 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for Routing Configuration";
}
/* Identities */
identity routing-protocol {
description
"Base identity from which routing protocol identities are
derived.";
}
identity direct {
base routing-protocol;
description
"Routing pseudo-protocol which provides routes to directly
connected networks.";
}
identity static {
base routing-protocol;
description
"Static routing pseudo-protocol.";
}
identity route-filter {
description
"Base identity from which all route filters are derived.";
}
identity deny-all-route-filter {
base route-filter;
description
"Route filter that blocks all routes.";
}
identity allow-all-route-filter {
base route-filter;
description
"Route filter that permits all routes.
";
}
/* Type Definitions */
typedef router-ref {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:name";
}
description
"This type is used for leafs that reference a router
instance.";
}
/* Groupings */
grouping afn-safi {
leaf address-family {
type ianaaf:address-family;
default "ipv4";
description
"Address family of routes in the routing table.";
}
leaf safi {
type ianaaf:subsequent-address-family;
default "nlri-unicast";
description
"Subsequent address family identifier of routes in the
routing table.";
}
description
"This grouping provides two parameters specifying address
family and subsequent address family.";
}
grouping route-content {
description
"Generic parameters of routes.
A module for an address family should define a specific
version of this grouping containing 'uses rt:route-content'.
";
leaf outgoing-interface {
type if:interface-ref;
description
"Outgoing interface.";
}
}
/* RPC Methods */
rpc active-route {
description
"Return the active route (or multiple routes, in the case of
multi-path routing) to a destination address.
Parameters
1. 'router-name',
2. 'destination-address'.
If the logical router with 'router-name' doesn't exist, then
this operation will fail with error-tag 'missing-element' and
error-app-tag 'router-not-found'.
If there is no active route for 'destination-address', then
this operation will fail with error-tag 'data-missing' and
error-app-tag 'no-route'.
";
input {
leaf router-name {
type router-ref;
mandatory "true";
description
"Name of the router instance whose forwarding information
base is being queried.";
}
container destination-address {
uses afn-safi;
description
"Network layer destination address.
AFN/SAFI-specific modules must augment this container with
a leaf named 'address'.
";
}
}
output {
list route {
min-elements "1";
uses afn-safi;
uses route-content;
description
"Route contents specific for each address family should be
defined through augmenting.";
}
}
}
rpc route-count {
description
"Return the current number of routes in a routing table.
Parameters:
1. 'router-name',
2. 'routing-table-name'.
If the logical router with 'router-name' doesn't exist, then
this operation will fail with error-tag 'missing-element' and
error-app-tag 'router-not-found'.
If the routing table with 'routing-table-name' doesn't exist,
then this operation will fail with error-tag 'missing-element'
and error-app-tag 'routing-table-not-found'.
";
input {
leaf router-name {
type router-ref;
mandatory "true";
description
"Name of the router instance containing the routing
table.";
}
leaf routing-table {
type leafref {
path "/routing/router/routing-tables/routing-table/name";
}
mandatory "true";
description
"Name of the routing table.";
}
}
output {
leaf number-of-routes {
type uint32;
mandatory "true";
description
"Number of routes in the routing table.";
}
}
}
/* Data Nodes */
container routing {
description
"Routing parameters.";
list router {
key "name";
unique "router-id";
description
'Each list entry is a container for configuration and
operational state data of a single (logical) router.
Network layer interfaces assigned to the router must have
their entries in the "interfaces" list.
';
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The unique router name.";
}
leaf router-id {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"Global router ID in the form of an IPv4 address.
An implementation may select a value if this parameter is
not configured.
Routing protocols may override this global parameter
inside their configuration.
";
}
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the router.";
}
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"Enable the router. The default value is 'true'.
If this parameter is false, the parent router instance is
disabled, despite any other configuration that might be
present.
";
}
container interfaces {
description
"Router interface parameters.";
list interface {
key "name";
description
"List of network layer interfaces assigned to the router
instance.";
leaf name {
type if:interface-ref;
description
"A reference to the name of a configured network layer
interface.";
}
}
}
container routing-protocols {
description
"Container for the list of configured routing protocol
instances.";
list routing-protocol {
key "name";
description
"An instance of a routing protocol.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of the routing protocol instance.";
}
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the routing protocol
instance.";
}
leaf type {
type identityref {
base routing-protocol;
}
mandatory "true";
description
"Type of the routing protocol - an identity derived
from the 'routing-protocol' base identity.";
}
container connected-routing-tables {
description
"Container for connected routing tables.";
list routing-table {
must "not(../../../../routing-tables/"
+ "routing-table[rt:name=current()/"
+ "preceding-sibling::routing-table/name]/"
+ "address-family=../../../../routing-tables/"
+ "routing-table[rt:name=current()/name]/"
+ "address-family and ../../../../routing-tables/"
+ "routing-table[rt:name=current()/"
+ "preceding-sibling::routing-table/name]/safi=../"
+ "../../../routing-tables/"
+ "routing-table[rt:name=current()/name]/safi)" {
error-message "Each routing protocol may have no "
+ "more than one connected routing "
+ "table for each AFN and SAFI.";
description
"For each AFN/SAFI pair there may be at most one
connected routing table.";
}
key "name";
description
"List of routing tables to which the routing protocol
instance is connected.
If no connected routing table is defined for an
address family, the routing protocol should be
connected by default to the main routing table for
that address family.
";
leaf name {
type leafref {
path "../../../../../routing-tables/routing-table/"
+ "name";
}
description
"Reference to an existing routing table.";
}
leaf import-filter {
type leafref {
path "/routing/route-filters/route-filter/name";
}
description
"Reference to a route filter that is used for
filtering routes passed from this routing protocol
instance to the routing table specified by the
'name' sibling node. If this leaf is not present,
the behavior is protocol-specific, but typically
it means that all routes are accepted.";
}
leaf export-filter {
type leafref {
path "/routing/route-filters/route-filter/name";
}
description
"Reference to a route filter that is used for
filtering routes passed from the routing table
specified by the 'name' sibling node to this
routing protocol instance. If this leaf is not
present, the behavior is protocol-specific -
typically it means that all routes are accepted,
except for the 'direct' and 'static'
pseudo-protocols which accept no routes from any
routing table.";
}
}
}
container static-routes {
must "../type='rt:static'" {
error-message "Static routes may be configured only "
+ "for 'static' routing protocol.";
description
"This container is only valid for the 'static'
routing protocol.";
}
description
"Configuration of 'static' pseudo-protocol.";
}
}
}
container routing-tables {
description
"Container for configured routing tables.";
list routing-table {
key "name";
description
"Each entry represents a routing table identified by the
'name' key. All routes in a routing table must have the
same AFN and SAFI.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of the routing table.";
}
uses afn-safi;
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the routing table.";
}
container routes {
config "false";
description
"Current contents of the routing table (operational
state data).";
list route {
description
"A routing table entry. This data node must augmented
with information specific for routes of each address
family.";
uses route-content;
leaf source-protocol {
type leafref {
path "/routing/router/routing-protocols/"
+ "routing-protocol/name";
}
mandatory "true";
description
"The name of the routing protocol instance from
which the route comes. This routing protocol must
be configured (automatically or manually) in the
device.";
}
leaf age {
type uint32;
units "seconds";
mandatory "true";
description
"The number of seconds since the parent route was
created or last updated.";
}
}
}
container recipient-routing-tables {
description
"Container for recipient routing tables.";
list recipient-routing-table {
key "name";
description
"A list of routing tables that receive routes from
this routing table.";
leaf name {
type leafref {
path "/routing/router/routing-tables/"
+ "routing-table/name";
}
description
"The name of the recipient routing table.";
}
leaf filter {
type leafref {
path "/routing/route-filters/route-filter/name";
}
description
"A route filter which is applied to the routes
passed on to the recipient routing table.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
container route-filters {
description
"Container for configured route filters.";
list route-filter {
key "name";
description
"Route filters are used for filtering and/or manipulating
routes that are passed between a routing protocol and a
routing table or vice versa, or between two routing
tables. It is expected that other modules augment this
list with contents specific for a particular route filter
type.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of the route filter.";
}
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the route filter.";
}
leaf type {
type identityref {
base route-filter;
}
default "rt:deny-all-route-filter";
description
"Type of the route-filter - an identity derived from the
'route-filter' base identity. The default value
represents an all-blocking filter.";
}
}
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
RFC Ed.: In this section, replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC number and all occurrences of the revision date below with the date of RFC publication (and remove this note).
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing@2012-07-09.yang"
module ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing {
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing";
prefix "v4ur";
import ietf-routing {
prefix "rt";
}
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix "inet";
}
organization
"IETF NETMOD (NETCONF Data Modeling Language) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/>
WG List: <mailto:netmod@ietf.org>
WG Chair: David Kessens
<mailto:david.kessens@nsn.com>
WG Chair: Juergen Schoenwaelder
<mailto:j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
Editor: Ladislav Lhotka
<mailto:lhotka@nic.cz>
";
description
"This YANG module augments the 'ietf-routing' module with basic
configuration and operational state data for IPv4 unicast
routing.
Every implementation must preconfigure a routing table with the
name 'main-ipv4-unicast', which is the main routing table for
IPv4 unicast.
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see the
RFC itself for full legal notices.
";
revision 2012-07-09 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for Routing Configuration";
}
/* Groupings */
grouping route-content {
description
"Parameters of IPv4 unicast routes.";
leaf dest-prefix {
type inet:ipv4-prefix;
description
"IPv4 destination prefix.";
}
leaf next-hop {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"IPv4 address of the next hop.";
}
}
/* RPC Methods */
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:input/rt:destination-address" {
when "address-family='ipv4' and safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv4 unicast.";
}
description
"The 'address' leaf augments the 'rt:destination-address'
parameter of the 'rt:active-route' operation.";
leaf address {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"IPv4 destination address.";
}
}
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:output/rt:route" {
when "address-family='ipv4' and safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv4 unicast.";
}
description
"Contents of the reply to 'rt:active-route' operation.";
uses route-content;
}
/* Data nodes */
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol/rt:static-routes" {
description
"This augment defines the configuration of the 'static'
pseudo-protocol with data specific for IPv4 unicast.";
container ipv4 {
description
"Configuration of a 'static' pseudo-protocol instance
consists of a list of routes.";
list route {
key "id";
ordered-by "user";
description
"A user-ordered list of static routes.";
leaf id {
type uint32 {
range "1..max";
}
description
'Numeric identifier of the route.
It is not required that the routes be sorted according
to their "id".
';
}
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the route.";
}
uses rt:route-content;
uses route-content {
refine "dest-prefix" {
mandatory "true";
}
}
}
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-tables/rt:routing-table/"
+ "rt:routes/rt:route" {
when "../../rt:address-family='ipv4' and "
+ "../../rt:safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv4 unicast.";
}
description
"This augment defines the content of IPv4 unicast routes.";
uses route-content;
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
RFC Ed.: In this section, replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC number and all occurrences of the revision date below with the date of RFC publication (and remove this note).
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing@2012-07-09.yang"
module ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing {
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing";
prefix "v6ur";
import ietf-routing {
prefix "rt";
}
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix "inet";
}
import ietf-interfaces {
prefix "if";
}
import ietf-ip {
prefix "ip";
}
organization
"IETF NETMOD (NETCONF Data Modeling Language) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/>
WG List: <mailto:netmod@ietf.org>
WG Chair: David Kessens
<mailto:david.kessens@nsn.com>
WG Chair: Juergen Schoenwaelder
<mailto:j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
Editor: Ladislav Lhotka
<mailto:lhotka@nic.cz>
";
description
"This YANG module augments the 'ietf-routing' module with basic
configuration and operational state data for IPv6 unicast
routing.
Every implementation must preconfigure a routing table with the
name 'main-ipv6-unicast', which is the main routing table for
IPv6 unicast.
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see the
RFC itself for full legal notices.
";
revision 2012-07-09 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for Routing Configuration";
}
/* Groupings */
grouping route-content {
description
"Specific parameters of IPv6 unicast routes.";
leaf dest-prefix {
type inet:ipv6-prefix;
description
"IPv6 destination prefix.";
}
leaf next-hop {
type inet:ipv6-address;
description
"IPv6 address of the next hop.";
}
}
/* RPC Methods */
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:input/rt:destination-address" {
when "address-family='ipv6' and safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv6 unicast.";
}
description
"The 'address' leaf augments the 'rt:destination-address'
parameter of the 'rt:active-route' operation.";
leaf address {
type inet:ipv6-address;
description
"IPv6 destination address.";
}
}
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:output/rt:route" {
when "address-family='ipv6' and safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv6 unicast.";
}
description
"Contents of the reply to 'rt:active-route' operation.";
uses route-content;
}
/* Data nodes */
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:interfaces/rt:interface" {
when "/if:interfaces/if:interface[name=current()/name]/ip:ipv6/"
+ "ip:enabled='true'" {
description
"This augment is only valid for router interfaces with
enabled IPv6.
NOTE: Parameter 'is-router' is not included, it is expected
that it will be implemented by the 'ietf-ip' module.
";
}
description
"IPv6-specific parameters of router interfaces.";
container ipv6-router-advertisements {
description
"Parameters of IPv6 Router Advertisements.";
reference
"RFC 4861: Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6).
RFC 4862: IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration.
";
leaf send-advertisements {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"A flag indicating whether or not the router sends periodic
Router Advertisements and responds to Router
Solicitations.";
}
leaf max-rtr-adv-interval {
type uint16 {
range "4..1800";
}
units "seconds";
default "600";
description
"The maximum time allowed between sending unsolicited
multicast Router Advertisements from the interface.";
}
leaf min-rtr-adv-interval {
type uint16 {
range "3..1350";
}
units "seconds";
description
"The minimum time allowed between sending unsolicited
multicast Router Advertisements from the interface.
Must be no greater than 0.75 * max-rtr-adv-interval.
Its default value is dynamic:
- if max-rtr-adv-interval >= 9 seconds, the default value
is 0.33 * max-rtr-adv-interval;
- otherwise it is 0.75 * max-rtr-adv-interval.
";
}
leaf managed-flag {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"The boolean value to be placed in the 'Managed address
configuration' flag field in the Router Advertisement.";
}
leaf other-config-flag {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"The boolean value to be placed in the 'Other
configuration' flag field in the Router Advertisement.";
}
leaf link-mtu {
type uint32;
default "0";
description
"The value to be placed in MTU options sent by the router.
A value of zero indicates that no MTU options are sent.";
}
leaf reachable-time {
type uint32 {
range "0..3600000";
}
units "milliseconds";
default "0";
description
"The value to be placed in the Reachable Time field in the
Router Advertisement messages sent by the router. The
value zero means unspecified (by this router).";
}
leaf retrans-timer {
type uint32;
units "milliseconds";
default "0";
description
"The value to be placed in the Retrans Timer field in the
Router Advertisement messages sent by the router. The
value zero means unspecified (by this router).";
}
leaf cur-hop-limit {
type uint8;
default "64";
description
"The default value to be placed in the Cur Hop Limit field
in the Router Advertisement messages sent by the router.
The value should be set to the current diameter of the
Internet. The value zero means unspecified (by this
router).
The default should be set to the value specified in IANA
Assigned Numbers that was in effect at the time of
implementation.
";
reference
"IANA: IP Parameters,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ip-parameters";
}
leaf default-lifetime {
type uint16 {
range "0..9000";
}
units "seconds";
description
"The value to be placed in the Router Lifetime field of
Router Advertisements sent from the interface, in seconds.
MUST be either zero or between max-rtr-adv-interval and
9000 seconds. A value of zero indicates that the router is
not to be used as a default router. These limits may be
overridden by specific documents that describe how IPv6
operates over different link layers.
The default value is dynamic and should be set to 3 *
max-rtr-adv-interval.
";
}
container prefix-list {
description
"A list of prefixes to be placed in Prefix Information
options in Router Advertisement messages sent from the
interface.
By default, all prefixes that the router advertises via
routing protocols as being on-link for the interface from
which the advertisement is sent. The link-local prefix
should not be included in the list of advertised prefixes.
";
list prefix {
key "prefix-spec";
description
"Advertised prefix entry.";
leaf prefix-spec {
type inet:ipv6-prefix;
description
"IPv6 address prefix.";
}
choice control-adv-prefixes {
default "advertise";
description
"The prefix either may be explicitly removed from the
set of advertised prefixes, or parameters with which
it is advertised may be specified (default case).";
leaf no-advertise {
type empty;
description
"The prefix will not be advertised.
This may be used for removing the prefix from the
default set of advertised prefixes.
";
}
case advertise {
leaf valid-lifetime {
type uint32;
units "seconds";
default "2592000";
description
"The value to be placed in the Valid Lifetime in
the Prefix Information option, in seconds. The
designated value of all 1's (0xffffffff)
represents infinity.
";
}
leaf on-link-flag {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"The value to be placed in the on-link flag
('L-bit') field in the Prefix Information
option.";
}
leaf preferred-lifetime {
type uint32;
units "seconds";
must ". <= ../valid-lifetime" {
description
"This value must not be larger than
valid-lifetime.";
}
default "604800";
description
"The value to be placed in the Preferred Lifetime
in the Prefix Information option, in seconds. The
designated value of all 1's (0xffffffff)
represents infinity.
";
}
leaf autonomous-flag {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"The value to be placed in the Autonomous Flag
field in the Prefix Information option.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol/rt:static-routes" {
description
"This augment defines the configuration of the 'static'
pseudo-protocol with data specific for IPv6 unicast.";
container ipv6 {
description
"Configuration of a 'static' pseudo-protocol instance
consists of a list of routes.";
list route {
key "id";
ordered-by "user";
description
"A user-ordered list of static routes.";
leaf id {
type uint32 {
range "1..max";
}
description
'Numeric identifier of the route.
It is not required that the routes be sorted according
to their "id".
';
}
leaf description {
type string;
description
"Textual description of the route.";
}
uses rt:route-content;
uses route-content {
refine "dest-prefix" {
mandatory "true";
}
}
}
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-tables/rt:routing-table/"
+ "rt:routes/rt:route" {
when "../../rt:address-family='ipv6' and "
+ "../../rt:safi='nlri-unicast'" {
description
"This augment is valid only for IPv6 unicast.";
}
description
"This augment defines the content of IPv6 unicast routes.";
uses route-content;
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
RFC Ed.: In this section, replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC number (and remove this note).
This document registers the following namespace URIs in the IETF XML registry [RFC3688]:
----------------------------------------------------------
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
----------------------------------------------------------
This document registers the following YANG modules in the YANG Module Names registry [RFC6020]:
-------------------------------------------------------------------
name: ietf-routing
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing
prefix: rt
reference: RFC XXXX
-------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------
name: ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing
prefix: v4ur
reference: RFC XXXX
-------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------
name: ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing
prefix: v6ur
reference: RFC XXXX
-------------------------------------------------------------------
The YANG modules defined in this document are designed to be accessed via the NETCONF protocol [RFC6241]. The lowest NETCONF layer is the secure transport layer and the mandatory-to-implement secure transport is SSH [RFC6242].
A number of data nodes defined in the YANG modules are writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., "config true" in YANG terms, which is the default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. Write operations to these data nodes, such as "edit-config", can have negative effects on the network if the protocol operations are not properly protected.
The vulnerable "config true" subtrees and data nodes are the following:
Unauthorized access to any of these lists can adversely affect the routing subsystem of both the local device and the network. This may lead to network malfunctions, delivery of packets to inappropriate destinations and other problems.
The author wishes to thank Martin Bjorklund, Joel Halpern, Thomas Morin, Tom Petch, Juergen Schoenwaelder, Dave Thaler and Yi Yang for their helpful comments and suggestions.
| [RFC6087] | Bierman, A., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of YANG Data Model Documents", RFC 6087, January 2011. |
| [RFC6242] | Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, June 2011. |
This appendix demonstrates how the core routing data model can be extended to support a new routing protocol. The YANG module "example-rip" shown below is intended only as an illustration rather than a real definition of a data model for the RIP routing protocol. For the sake of brevity, we do not follow all the guidelines specified in [RFC6087]. See also Section 4.4.2.
<CODE BEGINS> file "example-rip@2012-07-09.yang"
module example-rip {
namespace "http://example.com/rip";
prefix "rip";
import ietf-routing {
prefix "rt";
}
identity rip {
base rt:routing-protocol;
description
"Identity for the RIP routing protocol.";
}
typedef rip-metric {
type uint8 {
range "0..16";
}
}
grouping route-content {
description
"RIP-specific route content.";
leaf metric {
type rip-metric;
}
leaf tag {
type uint16;
default "0";
description
"This leaf may be used to carry additional info, e.g. AS
number.";
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-tables/rt:routing-table/"
+ "rt:routes/rt:route" {
when "../../../../rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol[rt:name=current()/rt:source-protocol]/"
+ "rt:type='rip:rip'" {
description
"This augment is only valid if the source protocol from which
the route originated is RIP.";
}
description
"RIP-specific route components.";
uses route-content;
}
augment "/rt:active-route/rt:output/rt:route" {
description
"Add RIP-specific route content.";
uses route-content;
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:interfaces/rt:interface" {
when "../../rt:routing-protocols/rt:routing-protocol/rt:type = "
+ "'rip:rip'";
container rip {
description
"Per-interface RIP configuration.";
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "true";
}
leaf metric {
type rip-metric;
default "1";
}
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/rt:router/rt:routing-protocols/"
+ "rt:routing-protocol" {
when "rt:type = 'rip:rip'";
container rip {
leaf update-interval {
type uint8 {
range "10..60";
}
units "seconds";
default "30";
description
"Time interval between periodic updates.";
}
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
This section contains a sample reply to the NETCONF <get> message, which could be sent by a server supporting (i.e., advertising them in the NETCONF <hello> message) the following YANG modules:
We assume a simple network setup as shown in Figure 13: router "A" uses static default routes with the "ISP" router as the next hop. IPv6 router advertisements are configured only on the "eth1" interface and disabled on the upstream "eth0" interface.
+-----------------+
| |
| Router ISP |
| |
+--------+--------+
|2001:db8:0:1::2
|192.0.2.2
|
|
|2001:db8:0:1::1
eth0|192.0.2.1
+--------+--------+
| |
| Router A |
| |
+--------+--------+
eth1|198.51.100.1
|2001:db8:0:2::1
|
A reply to the NETCONF <get> message sent by router "A" would then be as follows:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rpc-reply
message-id="101"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
xmlns:v4ur="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv4-unicast-routing"
xmlns:v6ur="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipv6-unicast-routing"
xmlns:if="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces"
xmlns:ip="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ip"
xmlns:rt="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing">
<data>
<if:interfaces>
<if:interface>
<if:name>eth0</if:name>
<if:type>ethernetCsmacd</if:type>
<if:location>05:00.0</if:location>
<ip:ipv4>
<ip:address>
<ip:ip>192.0.2.1</ip:ip>
<ip:prefix-length>24</ip:prefix-length>
</ip:address>
</ip:ipv4>
<ip:ipv6>
<ip:address>
<ip:ip>2001:0db8:0:1::1</ip:ip>
<ip:prefix-length>64</ip:prefix-length>
</ip:address>
<ip:autoconf>
<ip:create-global-addresses>false</ip:create-global-addresses>
</ip:autoconf>
</ip:ipv6>
</if:interface>
<if:interface>
<if:name>eth1</if:name>
<if:type>ethernetCsmacd</if:type>
<if:location>05:00.1</if:location>
<ip:ipv4>
<ip:address>
<ip:ip>198.51.100.1</ip:ip>
<ip:prefix-length>24</ip:prefix-length>
</ip:address>
</ip:ipv4>
<ip:ipv6>
<ip:address>
<ip:ip>2001:0db8:0:2::1</ip:ip>
<ip:prefix-length>64</ip:prefix-length>
</ip:address>
<ip:autoconf>
<ip:create-global-addresses>false</ip:create-global-addresses>
</ip:autoconf>
</ip:ipv6>
</if:interface>
</if:interfaces>
<rt:routing>
<rt:router>
<rt:name>rtr0</rt:name>
<rt:interfaces>
<rt:interface>
<rt:name>eth0</rt:name>
</rt:interface>
<rt:interface>
<rt:name>eth1</rt:name>
<v6ur:ipv6-router-advertisements>
<v6ur:send-advertisements>true</v6ur:send-advertisements>
<v6ur:prefix-list>
<v6ur:prefix>
<v6ur:prefix-spec>2001:db8:0:2::/64</v6ur:prefix-spec>
</v6ur:prefix>
</v6ur:prefix-list>
</v6ur:ipv6-router-advertisements>
</rt:interface>
</rt:interfaces>
<rt:routing-protocols>
<rt:routing-protocol>
<rt:name>direct</rt:name>
<rt:type>rt:direct</rt:type>
</rt:routing-protocol>
<rt:routing-protocol>
<rt:name>st0</rt:name>
<rt:description>
Static routing is used for the internal network.
</rt:description>
<rt:type>rt:static</rt:type>
<rt:static-routes>
<v4ur:ipv4>
<v4ur:route>
<v4ur:id>1</v4ur:id>
<v4ur:dest-prefix>0.0.0.0/0</v4ur:dest-prefix>
<v4ur:next-hop>192.0.2.2</v4ur:next-hop>
</v4ur:route>
</v4ur:ipv4>
<v6ur:ipv6>
<v6ur:route>
<v6ur:id>1</v6ur:id>
<v6ur:dest-prefix>::/0</v6ur:dest-prefix>
<v6ur:next-hop>2001:db8:0:1::2</v6ur:next-hop>
</v6ur:route>
</v6ur:ipv6>
</rt:static-routes>
<rt:connected-routing-tables>
<rt:routing-table>
<rt:name>main-ipv4-unicast</rt:name>
</rt:routing-table>
<rt:routing-table>
<rt:name>main-ipv6-unicast</rt:name>
</rt:routing-table>
</rt:connected-routing-tables>
</rt:routing-protocol>
</rt:routing-protocols>
<rt:routing-tables>
<rt:routing-table>
<rt:name>main-ipv4-unicast</rt:name>
<rt:routes>
<rt:route>
<v4ur:dest-prefix>192.0.2.1/24</v4ur:dest-prefix>
<rt:outgoing-interface>eth0</rt:outgoing-interface>
<rt:source-protocol>direct</rt:source-protocol>
<rt:age>3512</rt:age>
</rt:route>
<rt:route>
<v4ur:dest-prefix>198.51.100.0/24</v4ur:dest-prefix>
<rt:outgoing-interface>eth1</rt:outgoing-interface>
<rt:source-protocol>direct</rt:source-protocol>
<rt:age>3512</rt:age>
</rt:route>
<rt:route>
<v4ur:dest-prefix>0.0.0.0/0</v4ur:dest-prefix>
<rt:source-protocol>st0</rt:source-protocol>
<v4ur:next-hop>192.0.2.2</v4ur:next-hop>
<rt:age>2551</rt:age>
</rt:route>
</rt:routes>
</rt:routing-table>
<rt:routing-table>
<rt:name>main-ipv6-unicast</rt:name>
<rt:address-family>ipv6</rt:address-family>
<rt:safi>nlri-unicast</rt:safi>
<rt:routes>
<rt:route>
<v6ur:dest-prefix>2001:db8:0:1::/64</v6ur:dest-prefix>
<rt:outgoing-interface>eth0</rt:outgoing-interface>
<rt:source-protocol>direct</rt:source-protocol>
<rt:age>3513</rt:age>
</rt:route>
<rt:route>
<v6ur:dest-prefix>2001:db8:0:2::/64</v6ur:dest-prefix>
<rt:outgoing-interface>eth1</rt:outgoing-interface>
<rt:source-protocol>direct</rt:source-protocol>
<rt:age>3513</rt:age>
</rt:route>
<rt:route>
<v6ur:dest-prefix>::/0</v6ur:dest-prefix>
<v6ur:next-hop>2001:db8:0:1::2</v6ur:next-hop>
<rt:source-protocol>st0</rt:source-protocol>
<rt:age>2550</rt:age>
</rt:route>
</rt:routes>
</rt:routing-table>
</rt:routing-tables>
</rt:router>
</rt:routing>
</data>
</rpc-reply>
RFC Editor: remove this section upon publication as an RFC.