| Network Working Group | Y. YONEYA |
| Internet-Draft | JPRS |
| Intended status: Informational | T. NEMOTO |
| Expires: June 29, 2013 | Keio University |
| December 26, 2012 |
Mapping characters for precis classes
draft-ietf-precis-mappings-01
Preparation and comparison of internationalized strings ("precis") framework [I-D.ietf-precis-framework] is defining several classes of strings for preparation and comparison. In the document, case mapping is defined because many of protocols handle case sensitive or case insensitive string comparison and therefore preparation of string is mandatory. As described in IDNA mapping [RFC5895] and precis problem statement [I-D.ietf-precis-problem-statement], mappings in internationalized strings are not limited to case, but also width, delimiters and/or other specials are taken into consideration. This document is a guideline for authors of protocol profiles of precis framework and describes the mappings, that may be performed before precis framework, that must be considered between receiving user input and passing permitted code points to internationalized protocols.
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http:/⁠/⁠datatracker.ietf.org/⁠drafts/⁠current/⁠.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on June 29, 2013.
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http:/⁠/⁠trustee.ietf.org/⁠license-⁠info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
In many cases, user input of internationalized strings is generated by input method editor ("IME") or copy-and-paste from free text. Usually users do not care case and/or width of input characters because they are identical for users' eyes. Further, users rarely switch IME state to input special characters such as protocol elements. For Internationalized Domain Names ("IDNs"), IDNA Mapping [RFC5895] describes methods to treat these issues. For precis strings, case mapping is defined as a process in precis framework [I-D.ietf-precis-framework], but width mapping, delimiter mapping, special mapping and language dependent mapping are not defined. Handling of mappings other than case is also important to increase chance of strings match as users expect. This document is a guideline for authors of protocol profiles of precis framework and describes the mappings that must be considered between receiving user input and passing permitted code points to internationalized protocols. Mappings that this document describes are expected to perform before precis framework as well as Mapping Characters for IDNA2008 [RFC5895].
This document defines two types of mapping. One is protocol independent mapping that doesn't depend on protocol rules and the other is protocol dependent mapping that depend on protocol rules. This document defines some mappings in these mapping types. Authors of protocol profiles of precis framework should need to give careful consideration to choice of mappings.
Each mapping type is described in following sections.
Protocol independent mapping is a mapping that doesn't depend on protocol rules.
Fullwidth and halfwidth characters (those defined with Decomposition Types <wide> and <narrow>) are mapped to their decomposition mappings as shown in the Unicode character database [Unicode].
Width mapping will increase backward compatibility with Stringprep [RFC3454] and precis framework [I-D.ietf-precis-framework]. Because in a Stringprep profile which specifies Unicode normalization form KC (NFKC) for normalization method, fullwidth/halfwidth characters are mapped into its compatible form. If a precis framework profile specified NFKC (which is not recommended), width mapping might not be useful.
Protocol dependent mapping is a mapping that depend on protocol rules.
Definitions of delimiters in certain protocols are differ from each other. Therefore, delimiter mapping table should be based on well defined mapping table for each protocol.
One of the most useful case of delimiter mapping is when FULL STOP character (U+002E) is a delimiter as well as domain name. Some of IME generates FULL STOP compatible characters such as IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP (U+3002) when users type FULL STOP on the keyboard.
Certain protocols have characters which need to map different character from precis framework defined mapping rule other than delimiter characters. In this document, these mappings are named special mapping. They are differ from each protocol. Therefore, special mapping table should be based on well defined mapping table for each protocol. Examples of special mapping are following; [RFC4518] defines the rule that some codepoints(Appendix B.4) are mapped to SPACE (U+0020).
LDAPprep
Local case mapping is case folding that depend on language context. For example, given there is upper case I in a user ID strings, you should care what's language context that this user ID depend on when this character is mapped into lower case character. And if this depends on Turkish, the character should be mapped into LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I (U+0131) as this character's lower case.
This document defines characters that need local case mapping based on the Specialcasing.txt [Specialcasing] in section 3.13 of The Unicode Standerd [Unicode] to solve such a problem for precis framework. Local case mapping targets only characters that get two different results to perfom just casefolding that is defined in the Casefolding.txt [Casefolding] and perfom special casefolding that is defined in the Specialcasing.txt then casefolding, because precis framework have casefolding.
There are two types casefoldings defined as Unconditional Mappings and Conditional Mappings in the Specialcasing.txt. Conditional mappings have Language-Insensitive Mappings that targets characters whose full case mappings do not depend on language, but do depend on context and Language-Sensitive Mappings that these are characters whose full case mappings depend on language and perhaps also context.
Of these mappings, characters that Unconditional Mappings and Language-Insensitive Mappings in Conditional Mappings target are mapped into same codepoint(s) with just casefolding and special casefolding then casefolding. But characters that Language-Sensitive Mappings in Conditional Mappings targets are mapped into different codepoint with them. Therefore this document defined characters that are a part of characters of Lithuanian(lt), Turkish(tr) and Azerbaijanian(az) that Language-Sensitive Mappings targets as targets for local case mapping.
Followings are the method to calculate codepoints that local case mapping targets. Here Casefolding() means casefolding described in the Casefolding.txt [Casefolding] and Specialcasing() means specialcasing described in the Specialcasing.txt [Specialcasing].
If Casefolding(Specialcasing(cp)) != Casefolding(cp)
Then cp is a target
Else cp is not a target;
Appendix C "Code points list for local case mapping" lists codepoints are calculated by this method.
Basically, applying order of mapping that this document describes aren't sensitive. This section defines applying order of mapping to minimize effect of codepoint change by mappings. This mapping order is very general and was designed to be acceptable to the widest user community.
Mappings that this document describes are expected to perform before precis framework.
Followings are cullent open issues for this document.
This document does not define any IANA-related things.
As well as Mapping Characters for IDNA2008 [RFC5895], this document suggests creating mappings that might cause confusion for some users while alleviating confusion in other users. Such confusion is not covered in any depth in this document.
Martin Dürst suggested a need for the case folding about the mapping(map final sigma to sigma, German sz to ss,.).
Joe Hildebrand, John Klensin, Marc Blanchet, Pete Resnick and Peter Saint-Andre, et al. gave important suggestion for this document during at WG meeting.
This table is the mapping type list for each protocol. Values marked "o" indicate that the protocol use the type of mapping. Values marked "-" indicate that the protocol doesn't use the type of mapping.
+----------------------+-------------+-----------+------+---------+
| \ Type of mapping | Width | Delimiter | Case | Special |
| RFC \ | (NFKC) | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+-----------+------+---------+
| 3490 | - | o | - | - |
| 3491 | o | - | o | - |
| 3722 | o | - | o | - |
| 3748 | o | - | - | o |
| 4013 | o | - | - | o |
| 4314 | o | - | - | o |
| 4518 | o | - | o | o |
| 6120 | - | - | o | - |
+----------------------+-------------+-----------+------+---------+
Non-ASCII space characters [StringPrep, C.1.2] that can be mapped to SPACE (U+0020).
Non-ASCII space characters [StringPrep, C.1.2] that can be mapped to SPACE (U+0020).
Non-ASCII space characters [StringPrep, C.1.2] that can be mapped to SPACE (U+0020).
Codepoints mapped to SPACE (U+0020) are following;
U+0009 (CHARACTER TABULATION)
U+000A (LINE FEED (LF))
U+000B (LINE TABULATION)
U+000C (FORM FEED (FF))
U+000D (CARRIAGE RETURN (CR))
U+0085 (NEXT LINE (NEL))
U+0020 (SPACE)
U+00A0 (NO-BREAK SPACE)
U+1680 (OGHAM SPACE MARK)
U+2000 (EN QUAD)
U+2001 (EM QUAD)
U+2002 (EN SPACE)
U+2003 (EM SPACE)
U+2004 (THREE-PER-EM SPACE)
U+2005 (FOUR-PER-EM SPACE)
U+2006 (SIX-PER-EM SPACE)
U+2007 (FIGURE SPACE)
U+2008 (PUNCTUATION SPACE)
U+2009 (THIN SPACE)
U+200A (HAIR SPACE)
U+2028 (Line Separator)
U+2029 (Paragraph Separator)
U+202F (NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE)
U+205F (MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE)
U+3000 (IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE)
All other control code (e.g., Cc) points or code points with a control function (e.g., Cf) are mapped to nothing. Codepoints mapped to nothing that aren't specified by Stringprep are following;
U+0000-0008
U+000E-001F
U+007F-0084
U+0086-009F
U+06DD
U+070F
U+180E
U+200E-200F
U+202A-202E
U+2061-2063
U+206A-206F
U+FFF9-FFFB
U+1D173-1D17A
U+E0001
U+E0020-E007F
Followings are a list of characters that need Local case mapping. Format:
<Language>; <Codepoint>; <Lowercase>; <Comments>
<Language> means the alpha-2 codes in [ISO.3166-1].