Group Policy Encoding with VXLAN-GPE and LISP-GPE
draft-lemon-vxlan-lisp-gpe-gbp-02

Abstract

This document defines shim headers for the Generic Protocol Extension for Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN-GPE) and for the Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) Generic Protocol Extension (LISP-GPE) that are used to carry a Group Policy Identifier for the purposes of policy enforcement.

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Table of Contents

• 1. Introduction
• 1.1. Conventions
• 1.2. Abbreviations used in this document
• 2. Treatment By Intermediate Nodes
• 3. Group Based Policy shim header
• 3.1. Common GBP shim header Format
• 4. Use Of Multiple GBP shim headers
• 5. IANA Considerations
• 5.1. VXLAN-GPE Next Protocol Value
• 5.2. LISP-GPE Next Protocol Value
• 5.3. GBP Type Values
• 6. Security Considerations
• 7. Normative References
• Authors' Addresses

1. Introduction

This document defines the group-based policy (GBP) shim header for VXLAN-GPE [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe] and the GBP shim header for LISP-GPE [I-D.ietf-lisp-gpe]. The GBP shim header carries a group policy ID that is semantically equivalent to the group policy ID defined in [I-D.smith-vxlan-group-policy].

Group-based policy provides a more scalable alternative to access control lists (ACLs) by allowing separation of source marking and destination enforcement. This allows a decrease in the amount of information needed at each entry node, rather than a cross product of every possible source and every possible destination. It also allows assigning source marking based many different possibilities, not just the source address. It also allows not having to know where the packet will end up since whatever the destination is can enforce the policy specific to the destination service.

1.1. Conventions

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

1.2. Abbreviations used in this document

GBP:

Group-Based Policy

LISP-GPE:

Locator/ID Separation Protocol Generic Protocol Extension [I-D.ietf-lisp-gpe]

VXLAN-GPE:

Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network, Generic Protocol Extension [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe]

2. Treatment By Intermediate Nodes

Any receiving device may use the group policy information contained in the Group-Based Policy (GBP) shim header. If an intermediate device applies policy based upon the GBP shim header, then it must set the Policy Applied Bit, described below.

Because the group policy information is associated with the payload (rather than the tunnel or other means by which it is conveyed), if an intermediate device terminates the VXLAN-GPE or LISP-GPE tunnel and reencapsulates the data in a new tunnel with the ability to convey the group policy information, it SHOULD propagate the group policy information and the Policy Applied bit into the new tunnel, unless there is an explicit policy not to do so. If an intermediate device can propagate only some of the group policy IDs, it SHOULD propagate as many as it can, and it MUST select which ones to propagate by the sequence that the GBP IDs are placed in the VXLAN-GPE or LISP-GPE header.

3. Group Based Policy shim header

In the case of VXLAN-GPE, the Group-Based Policy (GBP) shim header follows the VXLAN-GPE header, or a previous VXLAN-GPE shim header. Similarly, in the case of LISP-GPE, the Group-Based Policy (GBP) shim header follows the LISP-GPE header, or a previous LISP-GPE shim header.

3.1. Common GBP shim header Format

The format of the GBP shim header in either a VXLAN-GPE header or a LISP-GPE header is shown in Figure 1.

       
    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |   Hdr Len     |    Reserved   | Next Protocol |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |A|   Rsvd  |Ver|    Reserved   |       Group Policy ID         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

           

Figure 1: Narrow Group Based Policy as a GPE Option Shim

• Type: 8-bit unsigned integer defining the GBP ID type. The following values are defined:

  0x00: GBP_Source_ID.

  A value of 0 indicates that this shim header carries the Group Policy ID associated with the source of the packet.

  0x01: GBP_Destination_ID.

  A value of 1 indicates that this shim header carries the Group Policy ID associated with the end destination of the packet.

  0x02 to 0x7F: Unassigned.

  For assignment by IANA, as described in Section 5.

  0x80 to 0xFF: Locally Assigned.

  For local assignment.

• If a packet carries a GBP_Destination_ID, it SHOULD also carry a GBP_Source_ID.
• Hdr Len: 8-bit identifier that indicates the length of this GBP shim header in 4-octet units excluding the option header. The value of this field is 1 for this version.
• Reserved: The 8-bit field MUST be set to zero on transmission and ignored on receipt.
• Next Protocol: The 8-bit field indicates the protocol header immediately following this shim header. Next Protocol types are encoded as specified in [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe] and [I-D.ietf-lisp-gpe].
• Policy Applied bit (A bit): The A bit MUST be set on a specific GBP shim header if a frame is returned to a forwarding instance that it has already visited after having been redirected at a forwarding instance along the native forwarding path to its destination by a redirection policy that matched on the value in that specific GBP shim header. If a GBP option type has the A bit set, a redirection policy that matches on this GBP option type MUST not be applied. Redirection policies MAY continue to be applied so long as they only match on GBP option types that do not have the A bit set. This procedure is necessary to prevent forwarding loops. The method that ensures that on returned frames the A bit is applied only to GBP option types involved in the match at the original redirection policy is outside the scope of this draft. Once an A bit is set on a GBP shim header, it MUST remain set. Additionally, once a GBP ID is set for a GBP option type it SHOULD not be changed to avoid redirection related loops.
• Reserved (Rsvd): The 5-bit field MUST be set to zero on transmission and ignored on receipt.
• Version (Ver): The 2-bit field indicates the Version of the Group Policy shim header. The initial version is 0.
• Reserved: These 8 bits are reserved for future use and MUST be set to zero on transmission and ignored on receipt.
• Group Policy ID: 16-bit identifier that indicates the Group Policy ID being encapsulated by this GBP shim header. The Default GBP ID value is special and indicates that the GBP option was not set. Packet filters SHOULD be able to match on the Default GBP ID value as a way to match packets that do not have the GBP option set. The default Default GBP ID is 0, but MAY be configured to be a value other than 0. The allocation of Group Policy ID values is outside the scope of this document.

An example frame format using VXLAN-GPE encapsulation is as shown below:

       
 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                    Outer Ethernet Header                      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                        Outer IP Header                        |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                       Outer UDP Header                        |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|R|R|Ver|I|P|R|O|          Reserved             | NP = GBP      |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ VXLAN
|     Virtual Network Identifier (VNI)          | Reserved      |  -GPE
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     Type      |   Hdr Len     |    Reserved   | Next Protocol |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ GBP
|A|   Rsvd  |Ver|    Reserved   |       Group Policy ID         |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
:                        Next Protocol                          :
|                                                               |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+

           

An example frame format using LISP-GPE encapsulation is as shown below:

       
 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                    Outer Ethernet Header                      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                        Outer IP Header                        |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                       Outer UDP Header                        |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|N|L|E|V|I|P|K|K|        Nonce/Map-Version      | NP = GBP      |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ LISP
|                 Instance ID/Locator-Status-Bits               | -GPE
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     Type      |   Hdr Len     |    Reserved   | Next Protocol |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ GBP
|A|   Rsvd  |Ver|    Reserved   |       Group Policy ID         |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
:                        Next Protocol                          :
|                                                               |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+

           

4. Use Of Multiple GBP shim headers

A tunnel header MAY carry multiple GBP shim headers where each GBP shim header carries a unique GBP type. There MUST be only one shim header of a specific GBP type per tunneled packet.

5. IANA Considerations

5.1. VXLAN-GPE Next Protocol Value

IANA is requested to allocate a VXLAN-GPE "Next Protocol" number for GBP, which is defined in [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe].

            +---------------+-------------+---------------+
            | Next Protocol | Description | Reference     |
            +---------------+-------------+---------------+
            | 0x80          | GBP_ID      | This document |
            +---------------+-------------+---------------+

5.2. LISP-GPE Next Protocol Value

IANA is requested to allocate a LISP-GPE "Next Protocol" number for GBP, which is defined in [I-D.ietf-lisp-gpe].

            +---------------+-------------+---------------+
            | Next Protocol | Description | Reference     |
            +---------------+-------------+---------------+
            | 0x80          | GBP_ID      | This document |
            +---------------+-------------+---------------+

5.3. GBP Type Values

IANA is requested to set up a registry of "GBP Type". These are 8-bit values. GBP Type values in the table below are defined in this draft. New values in the range of 0x02 through 0x7F are assigned via Standards Action [RFC5226].

            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+
            | GBP Type Value | Description        | Reference     |
            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+
            | 0x00           | GBP_Source_ID      | This document |
            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+
            | 0x01           | GBP_Destination_ID | This document |
            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+
            | 0x02 - 0x7F    | Unassigned         |               |
            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+
            | 0x80 - 0xFF    | Local assignment   |               |
            +----------------+--------------------+---------------+

6. Security Considerations

The same security considerations applied to [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe], [I-D.ietf-lisp-gpe], and to [I-D.smith-vxlan-group-policy] apply to this document.

Additionally, the security policy value carried in the GBP shim header impacts security directly. There is a risk that this identifier could be altered. Accordingly, the network should be designed such that this shim header can be inserted only by trusted entities, and can not be altered before reaching the destination. This can be mitigated through physical security of the network and/or by encryption or validation of the entire packet, including the GBP.

7. Normative References

Authors' Addresses