| Routing Area Working Group | S. Litkowski |
| Internet-Draft | Orange |
| Intended status: Standards Track | A. Simpson |
| Expires: June 25, 2015 | Alcatel Lucent |
| K. Patel | |
| Cisco | |
| J. Haas | |
| Juniper Networks | |
| December 22, 2014 |
Applying BGP flowspec rules on a specific interface set
draft-litkowski-idr-flowspec-interfaceset-01
BGP Flow-spec is an extension to BGP that allows for the dissemination of traffic flow specification rules. The primary application of this extension is DDoS mitigation where the flowspec rules are applied in most cases to all peering routers of the network.
This document will present another use case of BGP Flow-spec where flow specifications are used to maintain some access control lists at network boundary. BGP Flowspec is a very efficient distributing machinery that can help in saving OPEX while deploying/updating ACLs. This new application requires flow specification rules to be applied only on a specific subset of interfaces and in a specific direction.
The current specification of BGP Flow-spec does not detail where the flow specification rules need to be applied.
This document presents a new interface-set flowspec action that will be used in complement of other actions (marking, rate-limiting ...). The purpose of this extension is to inform remote routers on where to apply the flow specification.
This extension can also be used in a DDoS mitigation context where a provider wants to apply the filtering only on specific peers.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
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----------------- --- (ebgp) - Peer3 (BW 10G)
/ \/
| /|
| PE --- (ebgp) - Transit1(BW 4x10G)
Cust1 --- (ebgp) --- PE |
| PE ---- (ebgp) - Peer2 (BW 4*10G)
| \|
Cust2 --- (ebgp) --- PE |----- (ebgp) - Customer3
/| |
Peer1(BW10G)-(ebgp) | PE --- (ebgp) - Transit2(BW 4x10G)
| |
\ /
------------------
Figure 1
For 4*10G links peer/transit, it may want to apply a rate-limiting of DNS flows of 1G, while on 10G links, the rate-limiting would be set to 250Mbps. Customer interfaces must not be rate-limited.
BGP Flow-spec infrastructure may already be present on the network, and all PEs may have a BGP session running flowspec address family. The Flowspec infrastructure may be reused by the service provider to implement such rate-limiting in a very quick manner and being able to adjust values in future quickly without having to configure each node one by one. Using the current BGP flowspec specification, it would not be possible to implement different rate limiter on different interfaces of a same router. The flowspec rule is applied to all interfaces in all directions or on some interfaces where flowspec is activated but flowspec rule set would be the same among all interfaces.
Section Section 3 will detail a solution to address this use case using BGP Flowspec.
--------------- --- (ebgp) - Cust4_VPN
/ \/
Cust1_INT -- (ebgp) --- PE /|
| PE ------ (ebgp) - Transit1
Cust3_VPN -- (ebgp) --- PE |
| PE ------ (ebgp) - Peer2
| \|
Cust2_INT -- (ebgp) --- PE |----- (ebgp) - Cust4_INT
/| |
Peer1 ------ (ebgp) -- | PE ------ (ebgp) - Transit2
| |
\ /
----------------
Figure 2
We can imagine two cases :
Section Section 3 will detail a solution to address this use case using BGP Flowspec.
[RFC5575] states in Section 5. : "This mechanism is primarily designed to allow an upstream autonomous system to perform inbound filtering in their ingress routers of traffic that a given downstream AS wishes to drop.".
In case of networks collaborating in filtering, there is a use case for performing outbound filtering. Outbound filtering permits to apply traffic action one step before and so may permit to prevent impact like congestions.
----------------------
/ \
| Upstream provider |
\ /
-----------------------
| |
|P2 |P1
----------------------
/ \
| MyAS |
\ /
-----------------------
Figure 3
In the figure above, MyAS is connected to an upstream provider. If a malicious traffic comes in from the upstream provider, it may congestion P1 or P2 links. If MyAS apply inbound filtering on P1/P2 using BGP Flowspec, the congestion issue will not be solved.
Using collaborative filtering, the upstream provider may propose to MyAS to filter malicious traffic destinated to MyAS. We propose to enhance [RFC5575] to make myAS able to send BGP FlowSpec updates (on eBGP sessions) to the upstream provider to request outbound filtering on peering interfaces towards MyAS. When the upstream provider will receive the BGP Flowspec update from MyAS, the BGP flowspec update will contain request for outbound filtering on a specific set of interfaces. The upstream provider will apply automatically the requested filter and congestion will be prevented.
The use case detailled above requires application of different BGP Flowspec rules on different set of interfaces. The basic specification detailled in [RFC5575] does not address this and does not give any detail on where the FlowSpec filter need to be applied.
We propose to introduce an identification of interfaces within BGP Flowspec. All interfaces may be associated to one or more group-identifiers and a BGP Flowspec rule may also be associated with one or more group-identifiers including a filtering direction (input/output/both) , so the FlowSpec rule will be applied only on interfaces belonging the the group identifier included in the BGP FlowSpec update.
Considering figure 2, we can imagine the following design :
If the service provider wants to deploy a specific inbound filtering on external provider interfaces only, the provider can send the BGP flow specification using group-identifier 6 and including inbound direction.
This document proposes a new BGP extended community called "flow spec interface-set". This new BGP extended community is part of TRANSITIVE FOUR-OCTET AS-SPECIFIC EXTENDED COMMUNITY and has subtype TBD.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | O | I | Group Identifier : +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ : Group Identifier (cont.) | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
The Global Administrator field of this community MUST be set to the ASN of the originating router. The Local Administrator field is encoded as follows :
The flags are :
Both flags can be set at the same time in the interface-set extended community leading to flow rule to be applied in both directions. An interface-set extended community with both flags set to zero MUST be treated as an error and as consequence, the FlowSpec update MUST be discarded.
The Group Identifier is coded as a 14-bit number (values goes from 0 to 16383).
Multiple instances of the interface-set community may be present in a BGP update. This may appear if the flow rule need to be applied to multiple set of interfaces.
Multiple instances of the community in a BGP update MUST be interpreted as a "OR" operation : if a BGP update contains two interface-set communities with group ID 1 and group ID 2, the filter would need to be installed on interfaces belonging to Group ID 1 or Group ID 2.
Deploying interface specific filters using BGP FlowSpec (dynamic entries) may interfere with existing permanent interface ACL (static entries). The content of the existing permanent ACL MUST NOT be altered by dynamic entries coming from BGP FlowSpec. Permanent ACLs are using a specific ordering which is not compatible with the ordering of FS rules and misordering of ACL may lead to undesirable behavior. In order, to keep a deterministic and well known behaviour, an implementation SHOULD process the BGP FlowSpec ACL as follows :
Inbound filters Outbound filters
--------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------
|Permanent| -> |Dynamic| -> |Forwarding| -> |Dynamic| -> |Permanent|
In order for a flow to be accepted, the flow must be accepted by the two ACLs and a flow is rejected when one of the ACL rejects it as described in the table below :
| Permanent ACL entry action | FlowSpec ACL entry action | Result action |
|---|---|---|
| Drop | Drop | Drop |
| Drop | Accept | Drop |
| Accept | Drop | Drop |
| Accept | Accept | Accept |
Example :
In the example above :
Managing permanent Access Control List by using BGP Flowspec as described in Section 1.2 helps in saving roll out time of such ACL. However some ACL especially at network boundary are critical for the network security and loosing the ACL configuration may lead to network open for attackers.
By design, BGP flowspec rules are ephemeral : the flow rule exists in the router while the BGP session is UP and the BGP path for the rule is valid. We can imagine a scenario where a Service Provider is managing the network boundary ACLs by using only FlowSpec. In this scenario, if , for example, an attacker succeed to make the internal BGP session of a router to be down , it can open all boundary ACLs on the node, as flowspec rules will disappear due to the BGP session down.
In reality, the chance for such attack to occur is low, as boundary ACLs should protect the BGP session from being attacked.
In order to complement the BGP flowspec solution is such deployment scenario and provides security against such attack, a service provider may activate Long lived Graceful Restart [I-D.uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence] on the BGP session owning Flowspec address family. So in case of BGP session to be down, the BGP paths of Flowspec rules would be retained and the flowspec action will be retained.
Authors would like to thanks Wim Hendrickx for his valuable comments.
This document requests a new sub-type from the "TRANSITIVE FOUR-OCTET AS-SPECIFIC EXTENDED COMMUNITY SUB-TYPES" extended community registry. The sub-type name shall be 'Flow spec interface-set'.
| [I-D.uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence] | Uttaro, J., Chen, E., Decraene, B. and J. Scudder, "Support for Long-lived BGP Graceful Restart", Internet-Draft draft-uttaro-idr-bgp-persistence-03, November 2013. |
| [RFC2119] | Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. |
| [RFC5575] | Marques, P., Sheth, N., Raszuk, R., Greene, B., Mauch, J. and D. McPherson, "Dissemination of Flow Specification Rules", RFC 5575, August 2009. |