| Internet Engineering Task Force | S. Pallagatti, Ed. |
| Internet-Draft | Independent Contributor |
| Intended status: Standards Track | B. Saji |
| Expires: October 17, 2016 | S. Paragiri |
| Juniper Networks | |
| V. Govindan, Ed. | |
| M. Mudigonda | |
| Cisco | |
| G. Mirsky | |
| Ericsson | |
| April 15, 2016 |
BFD for VXLAN
draft-spallagatti-bfd-vxlan-03
This document describes use of Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) protocol for VXLAN .
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
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This Internet-Draft will expire on October 17, 2016.
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"Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN)" has been defined in [RFC7348] that provides an encapsulation scheme which allows VM's to communicate in data center network.
VXLAN is typically deployed in data centers interconnecting virtualized hosts, which may be spread across multiple racks. The individual racks may be part of a different Layer 3 network or they could be in a single Layer 2 network. The VXLAN segments/overlay networks are overlaid on top of these Layer 2 or Layer 3 networks.
A virtual machine (VM) can communicate with a VM in other host only if they are on same VXLAN. VM's are unaware of VXLAN tunnels as VXLAN tunnel is terminated on VXLAN Tunnel End Point(VTEP) (hypervisor/TOR). VTEPs (hypervisor/TOR) are responsible for encapsulating and decapsulating frames exchanged among VM's.
Since underlay is a L3 network, continuity check for these tunnels becomes important. BFD as defined in [RFC5880] can be used to monitor the VXLAN tunnels. Use of [I-D.ietf-bfd-multipoint] is for future study.
This draft addresses requirements outlined in [I-D.ashwood-nvo3-operational-requirement]. Specifically with reference to the OAM model to Figure 3 of [I-D.ashwood-nvo3-operational-requirement], this draft outlines proposal to implement the OAM mechanism between the NV Edges using BFD.
Main use case of BFD for VXLAN is for tunnel continuity check. BFD packets between VTEPs will exercise the VXLAN path in underlay/overlay ensuring the VXLAN path reachability. BFD failure detection can be used for maintenance. There are other use cases such as
+------------+-------------+
| Server 1 |
| |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM1-1 | |VM1-2 | |
| |VNI 100 | |VNI 200 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| Hypervisor VTEP (IP1) |
+--------------------------+
|
|
|
| +-------------+
| | Layer 3 |
|---| Network |
| |
+-------------+
|
|
+-----------+
|
|
+------------+-------------+
| Hypervisor VTEP (IP2) |
| +----+----+ +----+----+ |
| |VM2-1 | |VM2-2 | |
| |VNI 100 | |VNI 200 | |
| | | | | |
| +---------+ +---------+ |
| Server 2 |
+--------------------------+
Figure 1
Figure 1 illustrates the scenario where we have two servers, each of them hosting two VMs. These VTEPs terminate two VXLAN tunnels with VNI number 100 and 200 between them. Separate BFD sessions can be established between the VTEPs (IP1 and IP2) for monitoring each of the VXLAN tunnels (VNI 100 and 200). No BFD packets intended to Hypervisor VTEP should be forwarded to a VM as VM may drop BFD packets leading to false negative. This method is applicable whether VTEP is a software or a physical device.
BFD packet MUST be encapsulated and sent to remote VTEP as explained in Section 4.1. Implementations SHOULD ensure that the BFD packets follow the same lookup path of VXLAN packets within the sender system.
VXLAN packet format has been defined in Section 5 of [RFC7348]. The Outer IP/UDP and VXLAN headers MUST be encoded by the sender as per [RFC7348].
If VTEP is equipped with Generic Protocol Extension (GPE) header capabilities and decides to use GPE instead of VXLAN then GPE header MUST be encoded as per Section 3.3 of [I-D.quinn-vxlan-gpe]. Next Protocol Field in GPE header MUST be set to IPv4 or IPv6.
Details of how VTEP decides to use VXLAN or GPE header are outside the scope of this document.
The BFD packet MUST be carried inside the inner MAC frame of the VxLAN packet. The inner MAC frame carrying the BFD payload has the following format:
Once a packet is received, VTEP MUST validate the packet as described in Section 4.1 of [RFC7348]. If the Destination MAC of the inner MAC frame matches the well-known MAC or the MAC address of the VTEP the packet MUST be processed further.
The UDP destination port and the TTL of the inner MAC frame MUST be validated to determine if the received packet can be processed by BFD. BFD packet with inner MAC set to VTEP or well-known MAC address MUST not be forwarded to VM's.
To ensure BFD detects the proper configuration of VXLAN Network Identifier(VNI) in a remote VTEP, a lookup SHOULD be performed with the MAC-DA and VNI as key in the Virtual Forwarding Instance(VFI) table of the originating/ terminating VTEP in order to exercise the VFI associated with the VNI.
Demultiplexing of IP BFD packet has been defined in Section 3 of [RFC5881]. Since multiple BFD sessions may be running between two VTEPs, there needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BFD packets to the proper session. The procedure for demultiplexing packets with Your Discriminator = 0 is different from [RFC5880]. For such packets, the BFD session MUST be identified using the inner headers, i.e. the source IP and the destination IP present in the IP header carried by the payload of the VXLAN encapsulated packet. The VNI of the packet SHOULD be used to derive interface related information for demultiplexing the packet. If BFD packet is received with non-zero your discriminator then BFD session should be demultiplexed only with your discriminator as the key.
BFD session MAY be established for the reserved VNI 0. One way to aggregate BFD sessions between VTEP's is to establish a BFD session with VNI 0. A VTEP MAY also use VNI 0 to establish a BFD session with a service node.
Support for echo BFD is outside the scope of this document.
The well-known MAC to be used for the Destination MAC address of the inner MAC frame needs to be defined
Document recommends setting of inner IP TTL to 1 which could lead to DDoS attack, implementation MUST have throttling in place. Throttling MAY be relaxed for BFD packeted based on port number.
Other than inner IP TTL set to 1 this specification does not raise any additional security issues beyond those of the specifications referred to in the list of normative references.
Reshad Rahman rrahman@cisco.com Cisco
Authors would like to thank Jeff Hass of Juniper Networks for his reviews and feedback on this material.
Authors would also like to thank Nobo Akiya, Marc Binderberger and Shahram Davari for the extensive review.