Internet DRAFT - draft-ahn-manet-clustering-aodv
draft-ahn-manet-clustering-aodv
MANET Working Group Sanghyun Ahn
Internet Draft University of Seoul
Expires: November 4, 2013 Chong-Kwon Kim
Seoul National University
May 13, 2013
AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering
draft-ahn-manet-clustering-aodv-01.txt
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Abstract
This document describes an extention on AODV [1] so that clustering
of MANET nodes can be allowed for the improvement of MANET
scalability. MANET clustering requires some MANET nodes to become
Cluster Heads (CHs) and each non-CH MANET nodes to belong to any one
appropriate cluster which is represented by a CH node.In this draft,
AODV control messages are extended for MANET clustering.
Table of Contents
1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format . . . . . . . . 4
4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.3 Cluster Giveup (CLGU) Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
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1. Requirements notation
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
2. Introduction
In a MANET where a subset of nodes grouping together such as in an
office environment with a set of departments, MANET clustering is a
good choice for the efficient communication among MANET nodes.
For MANET clustering, some nodes are required to act as cluster
heads (CHs) and the others as cluster members (non-CH nodes).
A CH announces its existence by sending out CH announcement messages
and each non-CH node joins to any one cluster after receiving one or
more CH announcement messages from its nearby CHs. The detailed
MANET clustering architecture is defined in a companion draft [2].
For this MANET clustering architecture to work in the MANET using
AODV [1] as its routing protocol, AODV is required to be extended.
Therefore, in this draft, we define how to extend AODV for the MANET
clustering architecture of [2].
3. Terminology
Cluster Head The representative node of a cluster; the
cluster head receives data from its cluster
members and forwards the data to the cluster
head of the cluster to which the destination
belongs, and vice versa.
Cluster Member The node belonging to a cluster
Cluster Size The maximum number of hops from a cluster head
to any one of its cluster members; assumed to
be k
Cluster Announcement Message
The message sent by the cluster head to its
k-hop neighbors to indicate its willingness of
forwarding data from its cluster members
Cluster Join Message The message sent by a node wishing to act as a
cluster member to the cluster head upon
receiving a Cluster Announcement message
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Cluster Giveup Message
The message sent by a CH wishing to give up
its role as a cluster head to its members
4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages
For the cluster maintenance, we newly define AODV control messages.
4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format
If a node wishes to act as a CH, it should send out a Cluster
Announcement message to its k-hop neighbors, where k is the cluster
size.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Cluster ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Destination IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Originator IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type 5
A Announcement flag (= 1)
Cluster ID The cluster identifier; a randomly generated
identifier by the CH which originates this CLAN
message
Hop Count The cluster size; the maximum number of hops from
the Originator IP Address to a cluster member
Destination IP Address
The broadcast address (i.e., 255.255.255.255)
Originator IP Address
The IP Address of the node which originates this
Cluster Announcement message
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4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format
Once a node receives a CLAN message, it replies back to the
corresponding CH (i.e., the originator of the CLAN message) with a
Cluster Join message, if it wishes to join the cluster announced
by the CLAN message.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Cluster ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Destination IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Originator IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type 5
J Join flag (= 1)
Cluster ID The cluster identifier; This is copied from the
Cluster ID field of the received corresponding
CLAN message
Hop Count The number of hops from the Destination IP Address
to the Originator IP Address; This is set to the
Hop Count value of the received CLAN message minus
one
Destination IP Address
The IP Address of the node which originates this
Cluster Join message
Originator IP Address
The IP Address of the node which originated the
corresponding Cluster Announcement message
If a node receives a CLAN message, it decreases the Hop Count value
of the CLAN message by one and, if the modified Hop Count value is
greater than 1, it forwards it to its 1-hop neighbors. Otherwise, it
does not forward any more. And if it wants to join the cluster, it
sends out a CLJN message back to the originator node of the CLAN
message.
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4.3 Cluster Giveup (CLGU) Message Format
If a CH decides to give up being a CH, it sends a CLGU message to its
k-hop neighbors. Only the cluster members leave the cluster specified
in the CLGU message which can be identified by the Cluster ID and
the Originator IP Address field values.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type |A|J|G| Reserved | Hop Count |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Cluster ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Destination IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Originator IP Address |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type 5
G Giveup flag (= 1)
Cluster ID The cluster identifier; This is copied from the
Cluster ID field of the received corresponding
CLAN message
Hop Count The cluster size; the maximum number of hops from
the Originator IP Address to a cluster member
Destination IP Address
The broadcast address (i.e., 255.255.255.255)
Originator IP Address
The IP Address of the node which originates this
Cluster Giveup message
Even though the Destination IP Address is set to the broadcast
address, only the cluster members leave the cluster and reselect
other clusters to join.
5. Operation
TBD.
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6. Other Considerations
TBD.
References
[1] C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Das, "Ad hoc On-Demand
Distance Vector (AODV) Routing," RFC 3561, July 2003.
[2] S. Ahn and H. Kim, "Architecture for MANET Clustering,"
draft-ahn-manet-clustering-architecture-01.txt, May 2013.
Authors' Addresses
Sanghyun Ahn
University of Seoul
90, Cheonnong-dong, Tongdaemun-gu
Seoul 130-743
Korea
Email: ahn@uos.ac.kr
Chong-kwon Kim
Seoul National University
1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu
Seoul 151-742
Korea
Email: ckim@snu.ac.kr
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