Internet DRAFT - draft-chowbat-irl
draft-chowbat-irl
INTERNET-DRAFT H. Chowdhary
Intended Status: Informational NIXI
M. Batra
NIXI
N. Elkins
Inside Products
Expires: August 19, 2017 February 15, 2017
Internet Research Labs
draft-chowbat-irl-00
Abstract
Many people learn technical concepts best in a hands-on environment,
and Internet protocols and standards are no exception. Internet
Research Labs (IRL) will facilitate a platform and encourage the
technical community (seasoned professionals and newcomers alike) to
discuss, collaborate, design and develop utilities, ideas, sample
code and solutions that show practical implementations (Proof of
Concept) of existing IETF standards. These labs may also be used by
the IETF Mentoring Program and/or EDU teams for hands-on training to
mentees or newcomers. This base draft intends to provide a high-level
overview of the concept of Internet Research Labs in terms of
objectives, requirements, challenges and deliverables without going
into details of a specific lab, technology or an IETF Working Group
(WG). After this draft matures and gains traction within the IETF
community, we foresee more and more Internet drafts for the specific
labs.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as
Internet-Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
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http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
Copyright and License Notice
Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 IRL Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Objectives of IRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 IRL Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 Possible Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.1 Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.2 Software requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.3 IRL portal with WIKI pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Mode of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.4 High Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5 Access to IRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.6 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.7 Disadvantages or Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8 Tools used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8.1 Design Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8.2 Network Analysis tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8.3 Software development / POC tools . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8.4 Cloud / Virtualization Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8.5 MOOC tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.9 How to own and operate an IRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.10 How to obtain access to an IRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.11 Next Steps for an IRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.11.1 Mailing list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.11.2 Community feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.12 Which specific IRLs to start with . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 IRL Deliverables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1 Prototypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 New / Improved I-D's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3 Highly skilled Protocol Engineers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.4 Bug reporting and tracking system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.5 New tools and softwares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.6 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4 IRL Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5 Protection of lab IPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6 Relation between IRL and IETF Hackathon . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7 Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8 IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1 Introduction
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For a deep understanding of Internet standards, protocols,
technologies and concepts (as well as latest issues and trends around
them), the available learning tools, resources, information base,
events and meetups at the disposal of the technical Internet
community are currently scattered in many places. Some tools /
resources even require payment.
Some of these resources are the IETF and IRTF websites, the IETF blog
[IETF blog], the IETF Journal [IETF Journal], videos on content
sharing websites like YouTube [Youtube], self-paced free and paid
courses on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) like Coursera
[Coursera], Udemy [Udemy], Udacity [Udacity] and edX [edX], and last
but not the least: hundreds of thousands of discussion threads in the
IETF, IAB and IRTF mailing lists.
Another challenge is that IETF RFCs, whether Standards, Best Current
Practices (BCPs), Informational or Experimental, are often far too
technical and not easily digestible for novices (and sometimes even
for experienced professionals). Combine that with the fact that many
people learn technical concepts best in a hands- on environment,
there is a clear gap as well as opportunity for a lab environment.
This is where we see that Internet Research Labs (IRL) will bridge
the gap.
Internet Research Labs will facilitate a free and open source
platform, and encourage the technical community (seasoned
professionals and newcomers alike) to discuss, collaborate, design
and develop utilities, tools, ideas, sample code and solutions that
show practical implementations (Proof of Concept) of IETF standards.
Future IRL work may involve Internet-related standards produced by
other standards bodies such as IEEE [IEEE], ISO [ISO], ITU [ITU], W3C
[W3C], OASIA [OASIS].
IRL labs are intended to be utilized by the technical Internet
community across the globe for hands-on learning of IETF protocols
either as RFCs or drafts. They will also in turn act as an enabler
and a playground to perform research, experimentation or prototyping
of "new" ideas. Such new ideas will in turn lead to new Internet
drafts.
A sample scenario for this may be hands-on implementation / testing
of the Internet draft for TLS [Upcoming-TLS] version (1.3) in
something called TLS Internet Research Lab, along with parallel
implementations of previous TLS versions (1.1, 1.2); testing of new
(1.3) protocol features, noting and documenting (e.g. in WIKI pages
for TLS IRL) the deviations from previous protocol versions etc.
To start with, each IRL lab may work under the guidance of one IETF
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WG chair. These labs may also be used by the IETF Mentoring Program
and/or EDU teams for hands-on learning or training for mentees or
newcomers.
1.1 Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
1.2 IRL Terminology
EDU - The IETF Education (EDU) Team
IRL - Internet Research Labs
POC - Proof of Concept
AAA - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting
IPR - Intellectual Property Rights
UTA - Using TLS in Applications
CLI - Command Line Interface
HA - High Availability
GPL - GNU General Public License
BSD - Berkeley Software Distribution License
DOS / DDOS - Denial of Service / Distributed Denial of Service
RADIUS - Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service
TACACS - Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
SCM - Source Code Management
1.2 Objectives of IRL
1. To facilitate a free, open source and hands-on learning platform
at the disposal of the Internet community in order to explore
"existing" Internet standards, protocols and technologies.
2. To facilitate a hands-on platform for research, experimentation
and innovation on "new" ideas or Internet Protocols; or on "improved"
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versions of existing Internet Protocols / Standards. These labs may
be termed as "Next Generation IRL Labs", and may or may not be tied
to IETF Working Group(s).
3. To facilitate an environment where parallel implementations of
upcoming (e.g. a proposed Internet Draft) and existing protocol
versions can be simulated / deployed; thereby enabling the Internet
community to analyze similarities and differences, test new version
features, "report" (see section 3.4) and "document" (see section 3.5)
improvements, design / implementation defects, and so on.
4. To complement the work and mandate of the IETF Hackathon [IETF
Hackathon] by extending the activity "Encouraging developers to
discuss, collaborate and develop utilities, ideas, sample code and
solutions that show practical implementations of IETF standards" to
24 x 7 and 365.
5. To facilitate testbeds for researching and developing Proof-of-
Concepts (POCs) for IETF "Best Current Practices" series RFCs (both
existing and future BCPs); as well as taking protocol best practices
(BCPs) to a new level. POCs may be in form of sample code.
6. To facilitate testbeds for researching and developing POCs for
IETF "Experimental" series RFCs, where they can be tested, validated,
and used for designing new ideas or protocols.
7. As there are many projects and tools in the IETF, IRLs may
facilitate an environment to develop utilities and automate various
IETF activities. For example, mailing lists search, IETF datatracker
related activities (e.g. uploading an Internet Draft / RFC, Searching
an RFC, co-relating RFCs, author search etc.), perform analytics on
RFCs / IDs / authors and many more.
2 IRL Considerations
The devil is in the details. Here we attempt to provide a 360-
degree view of considerations for transforming the idea of Internet
Research Labs to a successful reality.
2.1 Possible Composition
We expect that each individual lab will use the items in this section
as a template to describe their own lab.
2.1.1 Hardware requirements
There are no specific "One size fits all" hardware requirements for
each of the IRL labs. Hardware will vary from lab to lab.
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2.1.2 Software requirements
There are no specific "One size fits all" software requirements for
each of the IRL labs. Software will vary from lab to lab.
2.1.3 IRL portal with WIKI pages
A web portal (website) needs to be in place that caters to all
aspects of IRL labs including but not limited to topics and
considerations as mentioned in this Internet draft. It should be
decided beforehand as to whose will be responsible for operating and
maintaining the IRL web portal, helping and authorizing volunteer
organizations to start running IRL labs, moderating access to
requests to IRL labs, and housekeeping activities. One candidate that
naturally comes to mind is the ISOC [Internet Society] but other
options are also open.
The IRL web portal should also have a detailed documentation for its
prospective users and the Internet community at large. Further, as
specific IRL labs are established in due course of time, they should
place their respective documentation at this portal.
2.2 Location
Labs may be located at academic and/or research institutions who may
volunteer to run it. They may also be at and run by private
companies. Further, the labs may be hosted on physically
infrastructure (datacenter, servers, routers, switches etc.) or
located in the public or private clouds. For example, an IoT Internet
Research Lab may be hosted on Amazon Web Services IoT [AWS IoT].
2.3 Mode of operation
To start with, each IRL lab may work under the guidance of one IETF
WG chair. In due course of time, when a specific lab matures with
regard to features, scope and users, it may be utilized by more than
one IETF WG (within same or possibly across IETF areas with cross-
functional requirements). However, the primary guide of the lab may
still be the original IETF WG chair. As an example, a TLS IRL lab may
start operating under the guidance of TLS WG chair. Later, when TLS
IRL lab matures, it may also be utilized by related UTA WG (under ART
area) via one of its chairs.
In a nutshell, the IETF WGs involved will be the leadership of the
lab via their respective chairs. The teams from IETF EDU and
Mentoring may be involved in overall coordination.
2.4 High Availability
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A specific IRL may initially take some time in transforming from a
concept to reality. Hence, we expect that a specific pilot IRL will
be set up at a single location / single cloud volunteered by an
academic / research institution, or a private company. In due course
of time, depending upon its success and popularity, a specific IRL
lab dedicated to an area (e.g. TLS) may be replicated to more than
one physical location or even multiple clouds (e.g. AWS [AWS] or
Microsoft Azure [MS-Azure]). This may provide a form of High
Availability. But, this is a topic for a later discussion.
2.5 Access to IRL
Labs may be made available to its intended users (Internet community)
as a web application (website), or via software programs on popular
Operating Systems like Windows, Mac OS etc. Due to the ubiquitous
nature of web browsers and non-dependence on any particular Operating
System, they are also a strong and natural candidate for accessing
IRLs. Labs may also be made available via command line interface (for
Unix based systems) or via Remote Desktop (for Windows based
systems). A combination of above methods may also be utilized. The
decision is left to the designer or implementor of individual labs,
as well as to to the leadership of the IETF WG tied to the individual
labs.
Please see the Security considerations(section 7) on security aspects
of the IRLs.
2.6 Advantages
1. Deeper understanding of "existing" IETF standards and protocols in
a hands-on, self-paced learning and training environment.
2. Ready-to-use platform to research, experiment and collaborate on
the development, design, implementation etc. of new ideas, protocols,
"use-cases", utilities, Proof-of-concepts (POC) of "new / future"
Internet standards and protocols (Next Generation IRL Labs).
3. Ready-to-use platform for technical Internet community to perform
hawk-eye analysis, testing, "measurements", performance analysis and
review of proposed or under development IETF Internet drafts.
4. Ready-to-use platform to perform various types of testing on
Internet drafts proposed or under development. The types of testing
include but are not limited to Performance testing, Security testing,
Measurements testing etc.
5. A hands-on and practical platform to augment / complement / test
the discussion threads going on in specific IETF WGs.
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6. A platform to simulate IETF Hackathon work objectives round the
clock throughout a year
7. Facilitator to develop and/or improve protocol Best Current
Practices or BCPs.
2.7 Disadvantages or Challenges
1. Resources need to be devoted to this effort to jump start it.
2. Little economic incentive or business case in volunteering for or
setting up an IRL by an academic / research institution or a private
company. For example, if IRL labs are setup in a public cloud, the
real challenge is "Who will pay for cloud services?"
2.8 Tools used
Many tools can be used for the IRL labs at design, development and
implementation levels. A non-exhaustive list is attempted below:
2.8.1 Design Tools
NS3 [NS3] or GNS3 [GNS3] tools may be used to design an IRL Routing
lab for some Working Group under IETF Routing area, which may be
utilized by the Internet community to simulate or test existing or
upcoming version or routing protocols like OSPF, IS-IS etc.
2.8.2 Network Analysis tools
An open source packet capture and analysis tool such as Wireshark
[Wireshark] may be used. The Wireshark core developers may
collaborate on the development and testing of new protocol dissectors
as was done successfully for many protocols including the TLS 1.3
while still in draft stage.
2.8.3 Software development / POC tools
Internet community members may collaborate on the development of open
source Software or POC tools, which may be hosted on distributed
version control and source code management (SCM) systems like
[Github] , [BitBucket] etc.
Standalone scripts or programs developed in languages like Unix
Shell, Python, Perl, Ruby etc. may also be used for POC of existing
Internet standards or Internet drafts.
2.8.4 Cloud / Virtualization Tools
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In cases where IRL labs are hosted on a public cloud platform, a raw
Virtual Machine Instance may be continuously customized until it is
ready to become a template for an IRL lab. At this point, a template
may be created from the customized Virtual Machine instance. An
example of customization for a TLS 1.3 IRL lab hosted on cloud would
be installing Wireshark, loading custom developed protocol
dissectors, generating sample traces / packets etc., and then
creating a template. Later, as many number of VM (Virtual Machine)
instances can be launched from the Virtual Machine template.
Similarly private clouds may also be used.
2.8.5 MOOC tools
MOOC tools such as Coursera [Coursera] or eDX [eDX] may be utilized
by the Internet community to complement the IRL labs by facilitating
step-by-step self-paced videos for learning. Obviously, voluntary
effort needs to be put-in to develop videos that show IRL usage.
2.9 How to own and operate an IRL
A detailed step-by-step tutorial for prospective academic, research
or private organizations on "How to own and operate an IRL" needs be
made available at IRL portal WIKI as mentioned in section 2.1.3
2.10 How to obtain access to an IRL
The minimal high-level sequence of steps involved may be:
1. Open IRL portal
2. Create user profile
3. Choose particular IRL(s) of interest
4. Wait for moderator approval
5. Agree to IRL "terms of use"
6. Start using IRL(s)
A detailed step-by-step tutorial for technical Internet community on
"How to obtain access to an IRL" needs to be made available at IRL
portal WIKI as mentioned in section 2.1.3
2.11 Next Steps for an IRL
2.11.1 Mailing list
A new IETF mailing list may be created (or an existing one reused) to
share experiences and refine IRL labs.
2.11.2 Community feedback
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Community feedback is also very important to improve the IRL lab
experience for its users. Feedback may be provided on IRL mailing
list or via feedback link on the IRL web portal.
2.12 Which specific IRLs to start with
There are many IETF WGs that may benefit from an IRL. So it all
depends on who (e.g. IETF WG and/or an Academic / Research institute)
takes on the initiative first.
3 IRL Deliverables
A non-exhaustive list of envisaged IRL deliverables is attempted
below. Further, the final deliverables may vary depending upon the
specific IRL in question.
3.1 Prototypes
A new idea or Internet protocol may be proposed / designed using
"Next Generation IRL labs". This may be in form of a prototype and/or
POCs.
3.2 New / Improved I-D's
New ideas / Internet protocols or enhancements to existing Internet
protocols / RFCs may be proposed as new Internet Drafts (I-D's) by
Internet community.
3.3 Highly skilled Protocol Engineers
Needless to say, an important deliverable for IRL labs would be
highly skilled protocol engineers on specific Internet protocols and
technologies.
3.4 Bug reporting and tracking system
An important envisaged feature of IRL labs would be a Bug reporting
and tracking system (like [Bugzilla]) similar to the ones utilized in
commercial software products.
Software / design bugs in an RFC / I-D as well as proposed request
for enhancements may be logged under this system.This model is also
bound to take some load off the IETF mailing lists, as well as
improve quality of existing (RFCs) and new (I-D) documents.
3.5 New tools and softwares
Tools are a critical mechanism through which IETF work can be done
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with less amount of effort. Some IETF tools (e.g. datatracker,
xml2rfc, etc.) are at a high level of maturity and deployment. Many
other tools have either not yet reached a maturity suitable for wide-
spread use or struggle to spread knowledge of their existence and
use. Still other potential tools are merely partially brainstormed
ideas looking for others motivated to discuss, implement and try. IRL
aims to overcome these limitations and facilitate a platform to
produce new as well as refined versions of existing tools. Another
IRL aim is to provide a mechanism via its web portal to spread
knowledge of experimental tools to those interested and get feedback
on those tools. It also provides time and focus for finding others
interested in particular tool ideas and discussing how to progress
them.
3.6 Documentation
Finally, each IRL will document its specific working model, ways to
operate IRL, ways to acquire access to IRL, terms of use, related
IETF Working Groups and so on. This may be done under IRL portal with
WIKI pages (see section 2.1.3)
4 IRL Future Work
1. As mentioned in Section 1 :Introduction, IRLs will mainly focus on
IETF Internet standards to start with. However, future work may
incorporate the work of other standards bodies such as IEEE [IEEE],
ISO [ISO], ITU [ITU], W3C [W3C], or OASIS [OASIS].
2. As mentioned in Section 2.3: IRL mode of operation, When an IRL
lab becomes mature with regard to features and scope, it may be
utilized by more than one IETF WG (possibly across IETF areas).
However, the primary leadership of lab may still be the starting IETF
WG chair. Again, in a few years, assuming success of the IRL concept,
an Area Director might also pitch-in for the work of IRLs.
3. As mentioned in section 2.4 High Availability, depending upon
success of pilot IRL labs, an IRL lab dedicated to an area or
protocol (e.g. TLS) may be replicated to more than one physical
location / cloud. This will provide a form of High Availability (HA).
4. Another possibility is to rather than implementing, testing,
simulating or discussing the work of an existing IETF WG, but create
an advanced general purpose Next Generation IRL Labs on which
research on almost any IETF area or WG topic or protocol can be done.
Obviously, creating such a big and advanced lab is a herculean effort
and solicits voluntary effort from a large academic, research or
private organization.
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5. Initially, access to IRL labs may be via CLI. In due course of
time, depending on the success and popularity of the labs, access to
IRL labs may be provided via GUI, API / Web Services, and Mobile Apps
(Android, iOS, Windows, Blackberry etc.).
5 Protection of lab IPR
Legal issues around IRLs should also be taken care of and a Legal
framework should also be put in place to protect IRL IPR, mainly
copyrights. Although IRLs are intended to be open source and free of
cost to the Internet community, their abuse and misuse MUST be
protected. The IRL licensing terms may be set either using GPL or BSD
open licensing terms. A "terms of use" document should be created
that every intended user of IRL must adhere to before being provided
access to an IRL lab. It may be decided whether "terms of use" is
common for all IRL labs, or separate for each of IRL labs.
6 Relation between IRL and IETF Hackathon
IRL aims to complement the work of [IETF Hackathon] rather than
competing with it or duplicating it. In fact IRL builds on the
objective of IETF Hackathon: "To encourage developers to discuss,
collaborate and develop utilities, ideas, sample code and solutions
that show practical implementations of IETF standards."
This makes sense as IETF Hackathons are organized only three times
per year as are IETF meetings. The IRL concept goes a step further
because once fully implemented IRLs are "IETF hackathon 365 days a
year."
7 Security Considerations
The labs are specialized tools with an intended user base (technical
Internet community), access to whom should be moderated instead of
being available to anyone on Internet. Rather, a potential user
should be able to fill-up a form on IRL web portal (see section 2.11)
furnishing his/her details and affiliation to an organization /
institution, and justification/motivation for requesting access to
specific IRL lab(s). Based on the user's request, IRL moderator may
or may not provide access to the lab(s).
Access to IRL labs may be directly via the Internet or via a VPN.
However, if no VPN is employed, strong security controls
(authentication / authorization / accounting) must be in place to use
IRL, and cryptographic protocols e.g. SSH may be used to access IRL
resources. A firewall may be in place to control access to IRL
resources and should implement access control lists, DOS / DDOS
protection etc. 2-factor authentication may also be employed to
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further secure access to the IRL labs after user registration.
All access to IRLs must be logged. A RADIUS / TACACS server may be
employed for Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA)
purposes.
Another important security consideration for IRLs is that if the IRL
access portal and/or specific IRLs are implemented as Web
Applications, their web pages should not be indexable by search
engines. This may effectively make the IRL web portal available to
only its intended user community.
8 IANA Considerations
There are no IANA considerations.
9 References
9.1 Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI
10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997
9.2 Informative References
[IETF blog] "IETF blog", https://www.ietf.org/blog
[IETF Journal] "IETF Journal", https://www.ietfjournal.org
[Youtube] "Youtube", https://www.youtube.com
[Coursera] "Coursera | Online Courses From Top Universities. Join for
Free", https://www.coursera.org
[Udemy] "Udemy Online Courses - Learn Anything, On Your Schedule",
<https://www.udemy.com/>.
[Udacity] "Udacity - Free Online Classes & Nanodegrees",
https://www.udacity.com
[edX] "edX | Free online courses from the world's best universities",
https://www.edx.org
[IEEE] "IEEE - The world's largest technical professional
organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of
humanity.", https://www.ieee.org
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[ISO] "ISO - International Organization for Standardization",
http://www.iso.org
[ITU] "ITU: Committed to connecting the world", http://www.itu.int
[W3C] "World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)", https://www.w3.org
[OASIS] "OASIS | Advancing open standards for the information
society", https://www.oasis-open.org .
[Upcoming-TLS] "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version
1.3", https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-tls13 .
[IETF Hackathon] "IETF Hackathon", https://www.ietf.org/hackathon
[Internet Society] "Internet Society | Internet Issues, Technology,
Standards, Policy, Leadership", http://www.internetsociety.org
[AWS IoT] "AWS IoT - Amazon Web Services", https://aws.amazon.com/iot
[AWS] "Amazon Web Services (AWS) - Cloud Computing Services",
https://aws.amazon.com
[MS-Azure] "Microsoft Azure: Cloud Computing Platform & Services",
http://azure.microsoft.com
[NS3] "ns-3", https://www.nsnam.org
[GNS3] "GNS3 | The software that empowers network professionals",
https://www.gns3.com
[Wireshark] "Wireshark - Go Deep.", https://www.wireshark.org
[Github] "How people build software - GitHub", https://github.com
[BitBucket] "Bitbucket | The Git solution for professional teams",
https://bitbucket.org
[Bugzilla] "Home :: Bugzilla :: bugzilla.org",
https://www.bugzilla.org
Authors' Addresses
Harish Chowdhary
National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI)
India
Email: harish@nixi.in
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Mohit Batra
National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI)
India
Email: mohit@nixi.in, mohit4677@gmail.com
Nalini Elkins
Inside Products, Inc.
U.S.A.
Email: nalini.elkins@insidethestack.com
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