Internet DRAFT - draft-gajda-dav-push
draft-gajda-dav-push
Network Working Group M. Gajda
Internet-Draft dmfs
Intended status: Standards Track May 2, 2017
Expires: November 3, 2017
Push Discovery and Notification Dispatch Protocol
draft-gajda-dav-push-00
Abstract
This specification defines a framework and protocols for a push
notification system that allows clients, application servers and push
notification servers to interact with each other in a standardized
manner.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on November 3, 2017.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1. Application Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.2. Push Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.3. Push Delivery Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.4. Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. Protocol Workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1. App Server <-> Push Gateway bootstrap workflow . . . . . 6
5.2. Client <-> App Server workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.2.1. Client discovery and subscription workflow - Generic 7
5.2.2. Unsubscribe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.2.3. Client discovery and subscription workflow - WebDAV . 8
5.3. App Server -> Push Gateway subscribe workflow . . . . . . 10
5.4. App Server -> Push Gateway push workflow . . . . . . . . 11
6. Syntax Elements/Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1. Push gateway protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1.1. Bootstrapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1.2. Subscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1.3. Update notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.2. XML Element definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.2.1. WebDAV Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.2.2. Subscription request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7. HTTP Headers for DAV-Push . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7.1. Push-Client-Id Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8. Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.1. Application Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.2. Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.3. Push Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
10.1. Namespace Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
11. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Appendix A. Change History (To be removed by RFC Editor before
publication) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1. Introduction
In a client/server protocol, clients can typically create, update,
delete "resources" (data) on the server, as well as retrieve data on
the server.
In many cases, data can appear on the server as the result of some
other client or server-side process interacting with the server.
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Thus clients need a way to detect when the data on the server has
changed.
Most protocols provide a data synchronization mechanism to support
that, but typically clients need to "poll" the server to find out
when changes have occurred. Network based polling is inefficient,
and instead push notifications are preferred as a way of alerting
clients to new data or changes to existing data on the server
2. Conventions Used in This Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
[RFC2119]
When XML element types in the namespaces "DAV:" and
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push" are referenced in this document
outside of the context of an XML fragment, the string "DAV:" and
"DAV-PUSH:" will be prefixed to the element type names respectively.
3. Terminology
Application Server Provides resources a client application might
want to monitor for changes. Typical applications are email,
calendars and address books.
Push Gateway A service to provide a common, standardized interface
to Push Delivery Services. A Push Gateway provides or relays one
or multiple delivery channels, the so called Transports.
Push Delivery Service A Service which provides the actual push
transport mechanism to the client application.
Transport A Transport is a logical channel to a specific Push
Delivery Service, provided by a Push Gateway. It is identified by
the transport-uri.
Client Application An application that uses the services of the
Application Server and wants to get notified instantaneously about
certain changes on the server. A client application typically
runs on a mobile or desktop device.
Push Notification A message sent from the Application server to the
Client Application to notify the client of an update. The basic
information carried by the notification is "there was a change"
for a specific Topic.
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Topic A Topic is a name for a notification feed or channel. Each
watchable resource has a Topic that clients can subscribe to.
Each subscriber to a particular topic will receive a notification
when a substantial change was made to any of the resources with
that Topic.
4. Architecture
This document introduces an entity called "Push Gateway" which acts
as a proxy between an application server and a push delivery service.
A Push Gateway provides at least one Transport. Each Transport is
identified by a URI and connects to exactly one Push Delivery
Service.
Push Gateways MAY support relaying, so a push gateway might forward
all or some notifications to another push gateway.
+----------------------------+
| Application Server |
+-----------------------+----+
^ |
| |
| |
| |
| v
| +-------------------------+
| | Push Gateway |
| +---------+---------------+
| |
| |
| |
| v
| +-------------------------+
| | Push delivery Service |
| +---------+---------------+
| |
| |
| |
| |
| v
+-----+--------------------+
| Client Application |
+--------------------------+
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4.1. Application Server
The server is responsible for generating push topics and sending
update notifications to the Push Gateway. A push topic is a unique
token that identifies the update notification feed of a resource or a
group of resources. The topic is forwarded to the Push Gateway
whenever a relevant change in one of these resources occurs.
This document doesn't specify how topics are generated. However, for
privacy reasons the topic MUST NOT contain user names, user data
(like folder/collection names) or URLs in plain text. If a server
doesn't maintain opaque, anonymous identifiers it SHOULD use a hash
algorithm, like SHA256, to generate an opaque identifier from
resource properties.
Push topics MAY be generated on a per-user base for shared resources.
A server MAY change push topics at any time to improve privacy. If
doing so the server MUST continue to send out push notifications for
the old topic until all subscriptions to that topic have expired.
The application server maintains a mapping of subscribed push topics
to a list of push gateways. It updates this mapping whenever
o A new subscription request is received,
o A response from the push gateway indicates that there are no
active subscribers for a particular topic.
The application server doesn't maintain references to push clients,
because this information is opaque to the application server.
4.2. Push Gateway
The Push Gateway maintains a mapping of push-topics to a list of
subscribed clients and expiration times. It updates the list
whenever
o it receives a new subscription,
o a subscription expires or
o the Push Delivery Service returns that a specific client is no
longer available.
If a push message for a specific topic is received the push gateway
will notify all clients with an active (not expired) subscription for
that topic.
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A push gateway may relay messages for other gateways. A gateway that
supports relaying MUST maintain a map of topics to gateways just like
an application server.
4.3. Push Delivery Service
TBD: Minimum requirements for PDS to support this protocol. Describe
what state information the PDS needs to maintain.
4.4. Client
TBD: what information does the client need to maintain
5. Protocol Workflows
5.1. App Server <-> Push Gateway bootstrap workflow
This protocol allows an application server to initialize the
supported push transports by querying a set of configured push
gateways. This requires that the application server knows the root
URL of each configured gateway. In order to retrieve the list of
supported transports it posts a JSON object with an empty list of
push-transports to each gateway.
The following request shows the bootstrap request of an application
server that was configured with the Push Gateway URL
https://push.example.com/gateway
POST /gateway
Host: push.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: xxx
{ "push-transports": []}
The push gateway responds with a JSON object that contains an array
of push transports.
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: xxx
{ "push-transports": [
{
"transport": {
"transport-uri":
"https://push.example.com/transport",
"refresh-interval": 172800,
"transport-data" : { ... }
}
},{
"transport": {
"transport-uri":
"urn:uuid:01234567-0123-0123-0123-0123456789ab",
"refresh-interval": 172800,
"transport-data" : { ... }
}
}]
}
TBD: HTTP status for failure with a XML/JSON error response body
5.2. Client <-> App Server workflow
The communication between Client and Application Server is defined in
the respective application protocol. The application protocol needs
to be extended in order to support push.
This document describes the general idea behind the required
extensions and gives a concrete definition for a WebDAV extension.
5.2.1. Client discovery and subscription workflow - Generic
TBD:
5.2.2. Unsubscribe
This document doesn't specify an explicit unsubscribe method. A
client that doesn't wish to receive any further push notifications
for a specific topic, MAY send a subscription with an expiration date
in the past.
An application server which receives such a subscription MUST handle
it like any other subscription. In particular the Application Server
MUST
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o verify the Push Topic and
o forward the susbcription to the Push Gateway.
A Push Gateway which receives a subscription with a passed expiration
date MUST
o remove the client from the list of subscribers to this topic and
o not send out any further push messages to this client.
5.2.3. Client discovery and subscription workflow - WebDAV
5.2.3.1. Push discovery
The following example shows a PROPFIND request on a user's calendar
home to discover push support.
PROPFIND http://calendar.example.com/calendars/
Content-Type: application/xml
Depth: 0
Content-Length: xxx
<D:propfind xmlns:D="DAV:" xmlns:P="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push">
<D:prop>
<P:subscribe-URL> />
<P:supported-transport-set />
<P:topic />
<P:version />
</D:prop>
</D:propfind>
The server responds with the respective properties. In this
particular case the server added an empty P:transport element to
signal it will accept any transport provided by the client. >
Response
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HTTP/1.1 207 Multistatus
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: xxx
<D:multistatus xmlns:D="DAV:">
<D:response>
<D:href>/calendars/</D:href>
<D:propstat>
<D:prop>
<P:subscribe-URL>
<D:href>https://calendar.example.com/subscribe</D:href>
</P:subscribe-URL>
<P:supported-transport-set>
<P:transport />
<P:transport>
<P:transport-uri
>urn:uuid:01234567-0123-0123-0123-0123456789ab</P:transport-uri>
<P:transport-data>
...
</P:transport-data>
<P:refresh-interval>172800</P:refresh-interval>
</P:transport>
<P:transport>
<P:transport-uri
>https://push.example.com/transport</P:transport-uri>
<P:transport-data>
...
</P:transport-data>
<P:refresh-interval>172800</P:refresh-interval>
</P:transport>
</P:supported-transport-set>
<P:topic>123</P:topic>
<P:version>1</P:version>
</D:prop>
<D:status>HTTP/1.1 200 OK</D:status>
</D:propstat>
</D:response>
</D:multistatus>
5.2.3.2. Push subscribe
Calendar server -> Client - CS server advertises its supported push
mechanisms Clients request POST to P:subscribe-URL - does the actual
subscription to the calendar server:
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POST /subscribe HTTP/1.1
Host: calendar.example.com
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=UTF-8
<P:subscribe xmlns:P="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push">
<P:topic>123<P:topic>
<P:topic>abc<P:topic>
<P:selected-transport>
<P:transport-uri
>https://push.example.com/transport</D:transport-uri>
<P:client-data>XYZ</D:client-data>
</P:selected-transport>
<P:expires>2017-10-07T12:00:00Z</P:expires>
</P:subscribe>
If one or more topics are invalid the enitre request MUST fail
without any subscriptions being recorded. In this case the server
MUST return an error response containg a list of topics that failed.
If a topic is valid but the authenticated user doesn't have access to
any of the resources that the topic belongs to, the server SHOULD
treat this topic as being invalid and the request SHOULD fail.
TBD: response
5.3. App Server -> Push Gateway subscribe workflow
When a client sends a request to subscribe to specific topics, the
application server MUST foward the subscription to the chosen gateway
or to the gateway that announced itself as a proxy for the chosen
gateway.
If a gateway acts as a proxy for another gateway it MUST forward the
request to the proxied gateway.
The following example shows a request to subscribe to two topics.
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POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: push.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"push-subscribe": {
"topics": [ "123", "abc" ],
"transport": {
"transport-uri": "https://push.example.com/transport",
"client-data": "XYZ"
},
"expires": "2017-10-07T12:00:00Z"
}
}
Response: HTTP status for success, or HTTP status for failure with a
XML/JSON error response body To acknowledge the subscription the
gateway SHOULD send an initial PUSH notification to the client.
TBD: responses A successful response containt the URL to send update
messages to. The URL may be different than the transport URL. An
Application Server MUST use this URL when sending push notifications
to transports provided by clients.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{ "push-url": "https://push.example.com/" }
5.4. App Server -> Push Gateway push workflow
Whenever a substantial change occurs in any of the resources, the
application server sends a Push Message to the gateway containing the
Topics of the resources that have changed. The following example
sends a push notification for the Topics "123" and "abc". The
message for Topic "123" also contains a "client-id" to omit any
notification to the sole client that modified the resource and caused
this push message. The second message has a low priority and no
"client-id". Such a message could be generated by multiple clients
acknowledging an alarm on a shared calendar.
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POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: push.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"push": {
"messages" : [{
"topic": "123",
"priority": 100,
"timestamp": "2017-10-01T14:00:52Z",
"client-id": "xyz"
}, {
"topic": "abc",
"priority": 0,
"timestamp": "2017-10-01T14:00:53Z"
}]
}
}
Response: HTTP status for success, or HTTP status for failure with a
XML/JSON error response body It's not an error if a topic is unknown
or there are no active subscribers for this topic. Instead the
response will contain a list of all topics without subscribers. The
application server SHOULD update its topic-to-gateway mapping
accordingly. The application server MUST assume that topics which
were in the request and not in the "no-subscribers" list have been
pushed to the client. If there is a subscriber for each topic in the
request, the no-subscribers list MUST be omitted.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{ "push-response": {} }
If there are topics without active subscribers:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{
"push-response": {
"no-subscribers": [
{ "topic": "123"}
]
}
}
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6. Syntax Elements/Properties
6.1. Push gateway protocol
6.1.1. Bootstrapping
; root element
root {
push-transports
}
; a list of push transports supported by a gateway
; in the request sent by the application server this is empty
push-transports "push-transports" [
* transport
]
transport "transport" {
; The uri of the transport.
"transport-uri" : uri,
transport-data?
}
; optional data the client needs to know in order to subscribe
; to allow easy conversion to other formats,
; this object MUST NOT contain structured data.
transport-data "transport-data" {
^"": any
}
6.1.2. Subscription
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; root element
root {
push-subscribe
}
; the object describing the subscription
push-subscribe "push-subscribe" {
topic-list,
selected-transport,
expires
}
; The list of topics to subscribe to. Unless a previous
; subscription is updated by a request, existing
; subscriptions won't be affected by new subscriptions.
topic-list "topics" [
* topic
}
; The chosen transport type
selected-transport "selected-transport" {
; The transport-uri of the chosen transport
"transport-uri" : uri,
; The client-data string as sent by the client
"client-data" : string
}
; The time of when the subscription expires
; must be a UTC timestamp following
; https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339
expires "expires" : RFC 3339 timestamp
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; root element
root {
error
}
; the object describing the failure
error "error" {
invalid-topic-list
}
; The list of topics that the user can't subscribe to
invalid-topic-list "invalid-topics" [
1* topic
}
6.1.3. Update notification
; The root object
root {
"push" [ 1* message ]
}
; A message object, describing the update
message {
topic,
? priority,
timestamp,
? client-id
}
; The topic of the resource that has been updated
topic "topic" : string
; The priority of the change, with 0 being the lowest and 100
; being the highest priority
; If omitted, implementations SHOULD default to 50.
priority "priority" : integer 0..100
; The time of when the change occurred. The value MUST be a
; timestamp in UTC following https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339
; If the server aggregated multiple updates before sending the push
; message, this MUST be the timestamp of the most recent update.
timestamp "timestamp" : RFC 3339 timestamp
; An optional id that identifies the client that triggered the update
; notification. Push gateways can use this information to suppress
; push messages to this particular client, in order to avoid
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; unnecessary sync operations.
; If the server aggregated multiple updates from different clients
; into one message, it MUST omit the client-id to ensure all clients
; receive the push message.
client-id "client-id": string
; root element of the push subscribe response
root {
? no-subscribers-list
}
; A list of topics without active subscribers.
; Applications servers SHOULD not send further push messages for the
; enlisted topics to this transport unless a new client subscribes on
; this transport.
no-subscribers-list "no-subscribers" [
1* topic }
]
6.2. XML Element definitions
6.2.1. WebDAV Properties
6.2.1.1. DAV-PUSH:push-subscribe-URL
Name: push-subscribe-URL
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the address to send the subscription requests to.
Description: The push-subscribe-URL element contains exactly one
DAV:href element with a URL that points to the subscription
service endpoint.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT push-subscribe-URL (DAV:href)>
6.2.1.2. DAV-PUSH:supported-transport-set
Name: supported-transport-set
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies a list of transports supported by the application
server.
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Description: This element contains the set of push transports
supported by the server. The transport-uri element of each
transport must be unique within the set of transports.
The set MAY contain one transport element without any child
elements to indicate that the client may provide its own
transport.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT supported-transport-set (transport*)>
6.2.1.3. DAV-PUSH:transport
Name: transport
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Describes a specific transport.
Description: A transport element represents a specific push
transport path to clients on a specific service. In general it
contains a transport-uri element that uniquely identifies the
transport.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT transport (transport-uri,
transport-data, refresh-interval)?>
6.2.1.4. DAV-PUSH:transport-uri
Name: transport-uri
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the URI that identifes the transport.
Description: Clients compare the provided transport-uris to the
transport-uris they support.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT transport-uri (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: The URI identifying the transport.
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6.2.1.5. DAV-PUSH:transport-data
Name: transport-data
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Contains a list of additional attributes that client needs
to know in order to subscribe on this transport.
Description:
Definition:
<!ELEMENT transport-data ANY>
6.2.1.6. DAV-PUSH:refresh-interval
Name: refresh-interval
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the maximum refresh interval.
Description: Specifies the duration in seconds after which the
client is expected to re-subscribe. If the client didn't res-
subscribe within this period of time the gateway MUST remove all
subscriptions and no further push notifications will be delivered
to the client until it subscribes again.
A Push Gateway MUST not accept subscription requests with an
expiration time that would exceed the refresh interval.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT refresh-interval (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: the maximum refresh interval in seconds
6.2.1.7. DAV-PUSH:topic
Name: topic
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the push topic of a resource.
Description: The topic identifies the name of the update channel for
a resource. Clients send the topic in a subscription request to
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inform application server and gateway that it wants to receive
update notifications for the resource.
This document doesn't specify a specific format for topics nor a
specifc algorithm to generate them.
Server developers MUST ensure that topics on different
installations won't collide.
Resources within the same domain MAY share topics.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT topic (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: the push topic
6.2.1.8. DAV-PUSH:version
Name: push-version
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the highest version number of the push protocol
supported by this server.
Description:
Definition:
<!ELEMENT push-version (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: the highest push protocol version number
supported by the application server
6.2.2. Subscription request
6.2.2.1. DAV-PUSH:subscribe
Name: subscribe
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Represents a subscription request document.
Description: The subscribe request contains all information to
subscribe to specific topics selecting a specific transport to
deliver push notifications.
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A subscription must have an expiration date after which the
subscriptions will become void.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT subscribe (topic+, selected-transport,
expires)>
6.2.2.2. DAV-PUSH:selected-transport
Name: selected-transport
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Specifies the transport the client has chosen.
Description: The selected-transport element contains the transport-
uri of the transport that the client has chosen for push delivery.
It also contains a client-data element to be forwarded to the push
gateway.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT selected-transport (transport-uri,
client-data)>
6.2.2.3. DAV-PUSH:client-data
Name: client-data
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Purpose: Contains a string the client needs to provide to the push-
gateway for the chosen transport.
Description: This element provides a mechanism for the client to
communicate to the gateway. The format of the data string is not
defined in this document. The application server MUST forward the
client-data string as provided by the client.
Gateways SHOULD use this to authenticate clients.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT client-data (#PCDATA)>
PCDATA value: client data as required by the push gateway
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Name: invalid-topics (precondition)
Purpose: The request could not succeed, because it contained
invalid push topics. This element contains one topic element
for each rejected push topic. The client may repeat the
request without those topics.
Definition:
<!ELEMENT invalid-topics (topic+)>
7. HTTP Headers for DAV-Push
7.1. Push-Client-Id Header
Push-Client-Id = "Push-Client-Id" ":" token
The client sends this header to identify itself to the application
server as the modifying instance. If the application server didn't
coalesce multiple updates from different clients into a single push
message, it SHOULD include the value in the update notification
message. The provided token ([RFC7230]) MUST be percent-encoded as
per[RFC3986]. Gateways can use this information to suppress push
messages to this particular client.
The actual value of token is part of the contract between client and
gateway. The token MUST NOT contain any sensitive data like user
name or device identifiers. It SHOULD be either a random or an
obfuscated token (using a cryptographic hash function).
8. Guidelines
8.1. Application Servers
Servers may want to implement some form of "keep-alive" within the
push protocol to ensures clients know they are still connected in
cases where actual data changes happen at long intervals (e.g., a
calendar user who only makes changes once a day)
Priorities: Range 0 - 100 - 0 is lowest and 100 is highest e.g.: low
priority - updates due to other attendees changing their partstat
high priority - updates to events ocurring in the next 24 hours
Priority is used by a client to indicate what level of push they want
at a specific time. It can also be used by the push gateway or push
delivery system to throttle push notifications to the client based on
load.
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Servers MAY delay the delivery of push notifications for several
seconds in order to coalesce notifications. This is useful to give
the server a certain amount of control over the client's behavior
during times of high load.
Servers MUST NOT coalesce push notifications based on priority.
Application servers MAY allow clients to provide their own
transports. If the transport-uri is not among the transport-uris as
advertised by the application server, the transport-uri MUST be an
HTTPS URL. If a client sends such a transport-uri, the application
server SHOULD perform a transport discovery on the provided URL to
discover all transports supported on this gateway.
8.2. Clients
Clients MUST be prepared that they might receive an initial push
notification that acknowledges the subscription before the response
to the push-subscribe request has been received.
Clients SHOULD NOT rely solely on push notifications. The framework
described in this document does not make any guarantees about the
delivery of a push notification. Clients should be prepared to
trigger a synchronization themselves if no push message has been
received within some time period.
Clients can expect that sometimes they will get a push but then not
detect any actual changes when they sync (i.e., "no-op" push from
server as a "keep-alive" mechanism).
8.3. Push Gateway
A Push Gateway SHOULD require some kind of authentication to be
encoded in the client-data string. This document doesn't specify any
authentication methods. However, among others, encrypting the
client-data string with a shared secret and digitally signing the
data are two possible options to achieve this.
Client data MAY contain additional per-client preferences, like
minimum priority to deliver or maximum delay of notifications when
doing coalescing. This is part of the contract between client and
transport an not subject of this specification.
Gateways MAY coalesce push notifications based on priority.
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9. Security Considerations
To prevent abuse of the service, Push Gateways SHOULD require either
servers or clients or both to authenticate. Servers SHOULD
authenticate every request of Protocol #2 via HTTP.
Push Gateways use the <gateway-data> information to authenticate
subscription requests from a Server by relating them to Client
authorization requests. Clients will typically be authenticating to
Servers to access protected data on the server and thus SHOULD
authenticate when using Protocol #1.
10. IANA Considerations
This document uses a URN to describe a new XML namespace conforming
to the registry mechanism described in[RFC3688].
10.1. Namespace Registration
Registration request for the push namespace:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:dav-push
Registrant Contact: The IESG <iesg@ietf.org>
XML: None - not applicable for namespace registrations.
11. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3339] Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet:
Timestamps", RFC 3339, DOI 10.17487/RFC3339, July 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3339>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC3986] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66,
RFC 3986, DOI 10.17487/RFC3986, January 2005,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3986>.
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[RFC7230] Fielding, R., Ed. and J. Reschke, Ed., "Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing",
RFC 7230, DOI 10.17487/RFC7230, June 2014,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7230>.
Appendix A. Change History (To be removed by RFC Editor before
publication)
Changes in -01:
1.
Author's Address
Marten Gajda
dmfs GmbH
Schandauer Strasse 34
Dresden 01309
Germany
Email: marten@dmfs.org
URI: http://dmfs.org
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