Internet DRAFT - draft-ietf-idr-bier-te-path

draft-ietf-idr-bier-te-path







Network Working Group                                            H. Chen
Internet-Draft                                                M. McBride
Intended status: Standards Track                               Futurewei
Expires: 3 July 2024                                             R. Chen
                                                         ZTE Corporation
                                                               G. Mishra
                                                            Verizon Inc.
                                                                 A. Wang
                                                           China Telecom
                                                                  Y. Liu
                                                            China Mobile
                                                                  Y. Fan
                                                            Casa Systems
                                                             B. Khasanov
                                                              Yandex LLC
                                                                  L. Liu
                                                                 Fujitsu
                                                                  X. Liu
                                                               Alef Edge
                                                        31 December 2023


                          BGP for BIER-TE Path
                     draft-ietf-idr-bier-te-path-03

Abstract

   This document describes extensions to Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
   for distributing a Bit Index Explicit Replication Traffic/Tree
   Engineering (BIER-TE) path.  A new Tunnel Type for BIER-TE path is
   defined to encode the information about a BIER-TE path.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] [RFC8174]
   when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.



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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 3 July 2024.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Terminologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Overview of BGP for BIER-TE Path  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.1.  Example BIER-TE Topology with BGP . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.2.  Distributing Path to Ingress  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   3.  Extensions to BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     3.1.  New SAFI and NLRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     3.2.  New Tunnel Type for BIER-TE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     3.3.  Path BitStrings Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     3.4.  Path Name Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     3.5.  Traffic Description Sub-TLVs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   4.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   5.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     6.1.  Existing Registry: SAFI Parameters  . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     6.2.  Existing Registry: BGP TEA Tunnel Types . . . . . . . . .  11
     6.3.  Existing Registry: BGP TEA sub-TLVs . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   Appendix A.  Extensions to PMSI_TUNNEL Attribute  . . . . . . . .  13
     A.1.  New Tunnel Type for BIER-TE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14





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1.  Introduction

   [I-D.ietf-bier-te-arch] introduces Bit Index Explicit Replication
   (BIER) Tree Engineering (BIER-TE).  It is an architecture for per-
   packet stateless explicit point to multipoint (P2MP) multicast path/
   tree, which is called BIER-TE path, and based on the BIER
   architecture defined in [RFC8279].

   A Bit-Forwarding Router (BFR) in a BIER-TE domain has a BIER-TE Bit
   Index Forwarding Table (BIFT).  A BIER-TE BIFT on a BFR comprises a
   forwarding entry for a BitPosition (BP) assigned to each of the
   adjacencies of the BFR.  If the BP represents a forward connected
   adjacency, the forwarding entry for the BP forwards the multicast
   packet with the BP to the directly connected BFR neighbor of the
   adjacency.  If the BP represents a BFER (i.e., egress node) or say a
   local decap adjacency, the forwarding entry for the BP decapsulates
   the multicast packet with the BP and passes a copy of the payload of
   the packet to the packet's NextProto within the BFR.

   A Bit-Forwarding Ingress Router (BFIR) in a BIER-TE domain receives
   the information or instructions about which multicast flows/packets
   are mapped to which BIER-TE paths that are represented by
   BitPositions or say BitStrings.  After receiving the information or
   instructions, the ingress node/router encapsulates the multicast
   packets with the BitStrings for the corresponding BIER-TE paths,
   replicates and forwards the packets with the BitStrings along the
   BIER-TE paths.  When the BitStrings is for a regular BIER path, the
   multicast packet is forwarded along the BIER path.

   This document proposes some procedures and extensions to BGP for
   distributing a BIER-TE path to the Bit-Forwarding Ingress Router
   (BFIR) of the path.  It specifies a way of encoding the information
   about a BIER-TE path in a BGP UPDATE message, which can be
   distributed to the BFIR of the path.

1.1.  Terminologies

   The following terminologies are used in this document.

   BIER:  Bit Index Explicit Replication.

   BIER-TE:  BIER Tree Engineering.

   BFR:  Bit-Forwarding Router.

   BFIR:  Bit-Forwarding Ingress Router.

   BFER:  Bit-Forwarding Egress Router.



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   BFR-id:  BFR Identifier.  It is a number in the range [1,65535].

   BFR-NBR:  BFR Neighbor.

   BFR-prefix:  An IP address (either IPv4 or IPv6) of a BFR.

   BIRT:  Bit Index Routing Table.  It is a table that maps from the
         BFR-id (in a particular sub-domain) of a BFER to the BFR-prefix
         of that BFER, and to the BFR-NBR on the path to that BFER.

   BIFT:  Bit Index Forwarding Table.

   P-tunnel:  A multicast tunnel through the network of one or more SPs.

   PMSI:  Provider Multicast Service Interface.  PMSI is an abstraction
         that represents a multicast service for carrying packets.  A
         PMSI is instantiated via one or more P-tunnels.

   I-PMSI A-D Route:  Inclusive PMSI Auto-Discovery route.

   S-PMSI A-D route:  Selective PMSI Auto-Discovery route.

   x-PMSI A-D route:  A route that is either an I-PMSI A-D route or an
         S-PMSI A-D route.

2.  Overview of BGP for BIER-TE Path

   This section briefs the BGP for BIER-TE path and illustrates some
   details through a simple example BIER-TE topology.

2.1.  Example BIER-TE Topology with BGP

   An example BIER-TE domain topology using SDN controller with a BGP to
   distribute BIER-TE path is shown in Figure 1.  There are 8 nodes/BFRs
   A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H in the domain.  Nodes/BFRs A, H, E, F and D
   are BFIRs (i.e., ingress nodes) or BFERs (i.e., egress nodes).  The
   controller has a BGP session with each of the edge nodes in the
   domain, including BFIRs (i.e., ingress nodes A, H, E, F and D), and
   each of the non edge nodes in the domain (i.e., nodes B, C and G).
   Note that some of connections and the BGP on each edge node are not
   shown in the figure.










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                       +------------------------------------+
                       |      SND controller with BGP       |
                       +------------------------------------+
                       /        ...         \               \
                      /                      \               \
                     /                    4'  \   17'    18'  \
                    /            /-----------( G )----------( H )
                   /            /           19'\_______   12'/4
                  /            /                _______)____/
                 /            /                /      (_____
                /            /3'              /             \
               /   1'   2'  /    5'     6'   /11'  13'    20'\
    (CE) --- ( A )--------( B )------------( C )------------( D )
               5            \7'              \15'       14'   1
                             \                \
                              \8'   9'    10'  \16'
                             ( E )------------( F )
                               3                2

             Figure 1: Example BIER-TE Topology with Controller

   Nodes/BFRs D, F, E, H and A are BFERs (or BFIRs) and have local decap
   adjacency BitPositions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively.

   The BitPositions for the forward connected adjacencies are
   represented by i', where i is from 1 to 20.

2.2.  Distributing Path to Ingress

   This section describes how the SDN controller distributes a BIER-TE
   path to its ingress node.

   Suppose that node A in Figure 1 wants to have a BIER-TE path from
   ingress node A to egress nodes H and F.  The path satisfies a set of
   constraints.  The controller obtains the request from an application
   or user configuration.  It finds a BIER-TE path satisfying the
   constraints and distributes the path to ingress node A.

   The controller advertises a BGP Update message to all its BGP peers,
   where the message contains the information about the path, a route
   target (RT) matching the BGP identifier (ID) of ingress node A.  Each
   of the BGP peers advertises the received Update to its BGP neighbors
   according to normal BGP propagation rules.  Eventually, ingress node
   A accepts this message after determining the RT in the message
   matches its BGP ID and installs a forwarding entry for the BIER-TE
   path, which imports the packets to be transported by the path into
   the path.




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3.  Extensions to BGP

   This section defines a new Tunnel Type (or say TLV) for BIER-TE path/
   tunnel under Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute and a new SAFI.  This new
   SAFI and the existing AFI for IPv4/IPv6 pair uses a new NLRI for
   indicating a BIER-TE Path.

3.1.  New SAFI and NLRI

   A new SAFI, called BIER-TE path SAFI, is defined.  Its codepoint
   (TBD1) is to be assigned by IANA.  This new SAFI and the existing AFI
   for IPv4/IPv6 pair uses a new NLRI, which is defined as follows:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  NLRI Length  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                      Distinguisher (4 octets)                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 Tunnel Identifier (11/23 octets)              ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                           Figure 2: NLRI Format

   Where:

   NLRI Length:  1 octet represents the length of NLRI.  If the Length
      is anything other than 15 or 27, the NLRI is corrupt and the
      enclosing UPDATE message MUST be ignored.

   Distinguisher:  4 octet value uniquely identifies the content/BIER-TE
      path.

   Tunnel Identifier:  11/23 octet value contains:

      * sub-domain-id (1 octet):  It is id of the sub domain through
            which the BIER-TE tunnel crosses.

      * BFR-id (2 octets):  It is the BFR-id of the BFIR of the BIER-TE
            tunnel.

      * Tunnel-ID (4 octets):  It is a number uniquely identifying a
            BIER-TE tunnel within the BFIR and sub domain.

      * BFR-prefix (4/16 octets):  It is a BFR-prefix of the BFIR of the
            BIER-TE tunnel.  It occupies 4 octets for IPv4 and 16 octets
            for IPv6.



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3.2.  New Tunnel Type for BIER-TE

   A new Tunnel Type (or say TLV), called BIER-TE Path or Tunnel, is
   defined under Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute in [RFC9012].  Its
   codepoint is to be assigned by IANA.  This new TLV with a number of
   new sub-TLVs encodes the information about a BIER-TE path.

   The structure encoding the information about a BIER-TE path is shown
   below.

       Attributes:
           Tunnel Encaps Attribute (23)
               Tunnel Type (TBD2): BIER-TE Path
                   Path BitStrings sub-TLV
                   Path Name sub-TLV
                   Traffic Description sub-TLV

   Where:

   *  Tunnel Type (TBD2) is to be assigned by IANA.

   *  Path BitStrings sub-TLV encodes the bit positions of the BIER-TE
      path.

   *  Path Name sub-TLV encodes the name of a BIER-TE path.

   *  Traffic Description sub-TLV encodes the multicast traffic that is
      transported by the BIER-TE path.

3.3.  Path BitStrings Sub-TLV

   The bit positions of a BIER-TE path are encoded in a Path BitStrings
   sub-TLV.  The format of the sub-TLV is illustrated below.


















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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type (TBD3) |        Length (variable)      |  BitStringLen |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                BIFT-id-1              |  RSV  |     SI-1      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                            BitString-1                        ~
   |                                                               ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   :                                                               :
   :                                                               :
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                BIFT-id-n              |  RSV  |     SI-n      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                            BitString-n                        ~
   |                                                               ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                  Figure 3: Path BitStrings Sub-TLV Format

   Type:  Its value (TBD3) is to be assigned by IANA.

   Length:  It is variable.

   BitStringLen (Bit String Length) - 8 bits:  The length in bits of the
      BitString field according to [RFC8296].  If k is the length of the
      BitString, the value of BitStringLen is log2(k)-5.  For example,
      BitStringLen = 1 indicates k = 64, BitStringLen = 7 indicates k =
      4096.

   <BIFT-id, SI, BitString> tuple:  Each tuple <BIFT-id-i, SI-i,
      BitString-i> (i = 1, 2, ..., n) represents/encodes a set of bit
      positions on the BIER-TE path with a BIFT ID.  All the tuples in
      the sub-TLV represent/encode the BIER-TE path (i.e., all the bit
      positions of the BIER-TE path).

3.4.  Path Name Sub-TLV

   The name of a BIER-TE path is encoded in a Path Name sub-TLV.  The
   format of the sub-TLV is illustrated below.










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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |   Type (TBD4) |        Length (variable)      |   Reserved    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //                        Path Name String                     //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                     Figure 4: Path Name Sub-TLV Format

   Type:  Its value (TBD4) is to be assigned by IANA.

   Length:  It is variable.

   Reserved:  MUST be set to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by
      the receiver.

   Path Name String:  It represents/encodes the name of the BIER-TE path
      in a string of chars.

3.5.  Traffic Description Sub-TLVs

   A Traffic Description Sub-TLV describes the traffic to be imported
   into a BIER-TE path.  Two Traffic Description Sub-TLVs are defined.
   They are multicast traffic sub-TLVs for IPv4 and IPv6.

   The multicast traffic sub-TLVs for IPv4 and IPv6 are shown in
   Figure 5 and Figure 6 respectively.


     0                   1                   2                   3
     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |   Type (TBD5) |             Length            |   Reserved    |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |        Reserved           |S|G|  Src Mask Len | Grp Mask Len  |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                Source Address (up to 4 bytes)                 ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |            Group Multicast Address (up to 4 bytes)            ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                Figure 5: Multicast Traffic for IPv4 Sub-TLV








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     0                   1                   2                   3
     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |   Type (TBD6) |             Length            |   RESERVED    |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |        Reserved           |S|G|  Src Mask Len | Grp Mask Len  |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                        Source Address                         ~
    ~                       (up to 16 bytes)                        ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                   Group multicast Address                     ~
    ~                       (up to 16 bytes)                        ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                Figure 6: Multicast Traffic for IPv6 Sub-TLV

   The address fields and address mask lengths of the two Multicast
   Traffic sub-TLVs contain source and group prefixes for matching
   against packets noting that the two address fields are up to 32 bits
   for an IPv4 Multicast Traffic and up to 128 bits for an IPv6
   Multicast Traffic.

   The Reserved field MUST be set to zero and ignored on receipt.

   Two bit flags (S and G) are defined to describe the multicast
   wildcarding in use.  If the S bit is set, then source wildcarding is
   in use and the values in the Source Mask Length and Source Address
   fields MUST be ignored.  If the G bit is set, then group wildcarding
   is in use and the values in the Group Mask Length and Group multicast
   Address fields MUST be ignored.  The G bit MUST NOT be set unless the
   S bit is also set: if a Multicast Traffic sub-TLV is received with S
   bit = 0 and G bit = 1 the receiver MUST respond with an error
   (Malformed Multicast Traffic).

   The three multicast mappings may be achieved as follows:

   (S, G):  S bit = 0, G bit = 0, the Source Address and Group multicast
         Address prefixes are both used to define the multicast traffic.

   (*, G):  S bit = 1, G bit = 0, the Group multicast Address prefix is
         used to define the multicast traffic, but the Source Address
         prefix is ignored.

   (*, *):  S bit = 1, G bit = 1, the Source Address and Group multicast
         Address prefixes are both ignored.






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4.  Security Considerations

   Protocol extensions defined in this document do not affect the BGP
   security other than those as discussed in the Security Considerations
   section of [RFC9012].

5.  Acknowledgements

   The authors of this document would like to thank Tony Przygienda,
   Susan Hares, and Jeffrey Zhang for their comments.

6.  IANA Considerations

6.1.  Existing Registry: SAFI Parameters

   This document requests assigning a new SAFI in the registry
   "Subsequent Address Family Identifiers (SAFI) Parameters" as follows:

      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      | Code Point            | Description             | Reference   |
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      | TBD1(179 suggested)   |  BIER-TE Policy SAFI    |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+

6.2.  Existing Registry: BGP TEA Tunnel Types

   This document requests assigning a new Tunnel-Type in the registry
   "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute Tunnel Types" as follows:

      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      | Code Point            | Description             | Reference   |
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      |  TBD2(16 suggested)   |  BIER-TE Tunnel/Path    |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+

6.3.  Existing Registry: BGP TEA sub-TLVs

   This document requests assigning a few of new sub-TLVs in the
   registry "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute sub-TLVs" as follows:












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      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      | Code Point            | Description             | Reference   |
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      |  TBD3(16 suggested)   |  Path BitStrings        |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      |  TBD4(17 suggested)   |  Path Name              |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      |  TBD5(18 suggested)   |  IPv4 Multicast Traffic |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+
      |  TBD6(19 suggested)   |  IPv6 Multicast Traffic |This document|
      +=======================+=========================+=============+

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6514]  Aggarwal, R., Rosen, E., Morin, T., and Y. Rekhter, "BGP
              Encodings and Procedures for Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP
              VPNs", RFC 6514, DOI 10.17487/RFC6514, February 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6514>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8279]  Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A.,
              Przygienda, T., and S. Aldrin, "Multicast Using Bit Index
              Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 8279,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8279, November 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8279>.

   [RFC8296]  Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A.,
              Tantsura, J., Aldrin, S., and I. Meilik, "Encapsulation
              for Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) in MPLS and Non-
              MPLS Networks", RFC 8296, DOI 10.17487/RFC8296, January
              2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8296>.

   [RFC9012]  Patel, K., Van de Velde, G., Sangli, S., and J. Scudder,
              "The BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute", RFC 9012,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9012, April 2021,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9012>.

7.2.  Informative References



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   [I-D.ietf-bier-te-arch]
              Eckert, T. T., Menth, M., and G. Cauchie, "Tree
              Engineering for Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER-TE)",
              Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-bier-te-arch-
              13, 25 April 2022, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
              draft-ietf-bier-te-arch-13>.

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC 5226,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>.

   [RFC5575]  Marques, P., Sheth, N., Raszuk, R., Greene, B., Mauch, J.,
              and D. McPherson, "Dissemination of Flow Specification
              Rules", RFC 5575, DOI 10.17487/RFC5575, August 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5575>.

Appendix A.  Extensions to PMSI_TUNNEL Attribute

   This section defines a new Tunnel Type (or TLV) for BIER-TE path/
   tunnel under the PMSI_TUNNEL Attribute (PTA) defined in [RFC6514].
   It describes a couple of new sub-TLVs encoding the information about
   a BIER-TE path.

A.1.  New Tunnel Type for BIER-TE

   The PMSI Tunnel attribute carried by an x-PMSI A-D route identifies
   P-tunnel for PMSI.  For the PTA with Tunnel Type BIER-TE, the PTA is
   constructed by the SDN controller and distributed to the ingress node
   of the BIER-TE tunnel.

   The format of the PMSI_TUNNEL Attribute with the new Tunnel Type
   (TBD) for BIER-TE is shown in Figure 7.


















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     0                   1                   2                   3
     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |  Attr Flags   | Attr Type(22) | Length(1/2 byte)   ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |      Flag     |TunnelType(TBD)|          MPLS Label           |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |  MPLS Label   |       Tunnel Identifier (11/23 bytes)         |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+                                               +
    |                                                               ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                             sub-TLVs                          ~
    ~                                                               ~
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                 Figure 7: PTA with Tunnel Type for BIER-TE

   For BIER-TE tunnel/path, the fields in the PTA are set as follows:

   o Tunnel Type:  It is set to be TBD, indicating BIER-TE tunnel.

   o Tunnel Identifier:  It contains: sub-domain-id of 1 byte, BIER-TE
         tunnel BFIR's BFR-id of 2 bytes, Tunnel-ID of 4 bytes, and
         BIER-TE tunnel BFIR's BFR-prefix of 4/16 bytes for IPv4/IPv6.

   o sub-TLVs:  It contains a Path BitPositions sub-TLV encoding an
         explicit BIER-TE path.  It may include a Path Name sub-TLV for
         the name of the BIER-TE path.

   o Others:  The other fields are set according to [RFC6514].

Authors' Addresses

   Huaimo Chen
   Futurewei
   Boston, MA,
   United States of America
   Email: huaimo.chen@futurewei.com


   Mike McBride
   Futurewei
   Email: michael.mcbride@futurewei.com


   Ran Chen
   ZTE Corporation
   Email: chen.ran@zte.com.cn



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   Gyan S. Mishra
   Verizon Inc.
   13101 Columbia Pike
   Silver Spring,  MD 20904
   United States of America
   Phone: 301 502-1347
   Email: gyan.s.mishra@verizon.com


   Aijun Wang
   China Telecom
   Beiqijia Town, Changping District
   Beijing
   102209
   China
   Email: wangaj3@chinatelecom.cn


   Yisong Liu
   China Mobile
   Email: liuyisong@chinamobile.com


   Yanhe Fan
   Casa Systems
   United States of America
   Email: yfan@casa-systems.com


   Boris Khasanov
   Yandex LLC
   Moscow
   Email: bhassanov@yahoo.com


   Lei Liu
   Fujitsu
   United States of America
   Email: liulei.kddi@gmail.com


   Xufeng Liu
   Alef Edge
   United States of America
   Email: xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com






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