Internet DRAFT - draft-ietf-rift-yang
draft-ietf-rift-yang
RIFT WG Z. Zhang
Internet-Draft Y. Wei
Intended status: Standards Track ZTE Corporation
Expires: 18 April 2024 S. Ma
Google
X. Liu
Alef Edge
B. Rijsman
Individual
16 October 2023
YANG Data Model for Routing in Fat Trees (RIFT)
draft-ietf-rift-yang-10
Abstract
This document defines a YANG data model for the configuration and
management of Routing in Fat Trees (RIFT) Protocol. The model is
based on YANG 1.1 as defined in RFC7950 and conforms to the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) as described in RFC8342.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 18 April 2024.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4. Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5. Prefixes in Data Node Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Design of the Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. Scope of Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2. Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4. RIFT configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.5. RIFT State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.6. Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3. RIFT YANG model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6. Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
1. Introduction
[I-D.ietf-rift-rift] introduces the protocol definition of RIFT.
This document defines a YANG data model that can be used to configure
and manage the RIFT protocol. This model imports and augments ietf-
routing YANG model defined in [RFC8349].
1.1. Terminology
The terminology for describing YANG data models is found in [RFC6020]
and [RFC7950], including:
* augment
* container
* choice
* data model
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* data node
* grouping
* identity
* leaf
* leaf-list
* list
* module
* uses
The following abbreviations are used in this document and the defined
model:
RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees [I-D.ietf-rift-rift].
1.2. Conventions Used in This Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
1.3. Terminology
The content of this section is copied from [I-D.ietf-rift-rift] for
reading convenience.
LIE: An acronym for a "Link Information Element" exchanged on all the
system's links running RIFT to form ThreeWay adjacencies and carry
information used to perform Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) of levels.
POD: An acronym for a "Point of Delivery". A self-contained vertical
slice or subset of a Clos or Fat Tree network containing normally
only level 0 and level 1 nodes. A node in a PoD communicates with
nodes in other PoDs via the Top- of-Fabric. PoDs are numbered to
distinguish them and PoD value 0 is used to denote "undefined" or
"any" PoD.
TIE: An acronym for a "Topology Information Element". TIEs are
exchanged between RIFT nodes to describe parts of a network such as
links and address prefixes. A TIE has always a direction and a type.
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North TIEs (sometimes abbreviated as N-TIEs) are used when dealing
with TIEs in the northbound representation and South-TIEs (sometimes
abbreviated as S-TIEs) for the southbound equivalent. TIEs have
different types such as node and prefix TIEs.
1.4. Tree Diagrams
Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
[RFC8340].
1.5. Prefixes in Data Node Names
In this document, names of data nodes, actions, and other data model
objects are often used without a prefix, as long as it is clear from
the context in which YANG module each name is defined. Otherwise,
names are prefixed using the standard prefix associated with the
corresponding YANG module, as shown in Table 1.
+===============+====================+===========+
| Prefix | YANG module | Reference |
+===============+====================+===========+
| yang | ietf-yang-types | [RFC6991] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| inet | ietf-inet-types | [RFC6991] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| rt | ietf-routing | [RFC8349] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| if | ietf-interfaces | [RFC8343] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| rt-types | ietf-routing-types | [RFC8294] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| iana-rt-types | iana-routing-types | [RFC8294] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
| key-chain | ietf-key-chain | [RFC8177] |
+---------------+--------------------+-----------+
Table 1
2. Design of the Data Model
2.1. Scope of Model
The model covers RIFT [I-D.ietf-rift-rift].
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This model can be used to configure and manage the RIFT protocol.
The operational state data and statistics can be retrieved by this
model. The subscription and push mechanism defined in [RFC8639] and
[RFC8641] can be implemented by the user to subscribe to
notifications on the data nodes in this model.
The model contains all the basic configuration parameters to operate
the protocol. Depending on the implementation choices, some systems
may not allow some of the advanced parameters to be configurable.
The occasionally implemented parameters are modeled as optional
features in this model. This model can be extended, and it has been
structured in a way that such extensions can be conveniently made.
The RIFT YANG module augments the /routing/control-plane-protocols/
control-plane-protocol path defined in the ietf-routing module. The
ietf-rift model defines a single instance of RIFT. Multiple
instances are instantiated as multiple control-plane protocols
instances.
2.2. Specification
This model imports and augments ietf-routing YANG model defined in
[RFC8349]. Both configuration branch and state branch of [RFC8349]
are augmented. The configuration branch covers node base and policy
configuration. The container "rift" is the top level container in
this data model. The container is expected to enable RIFT protocol
functionality.
The YANG data model defined in this document conforms to the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342]. The operational
state data is combined with the associated configuration data in the
same hierarchy [RFC8407].
2.3. Overview
The RIFT YANG module defined in this document has all the common
building blocks for the RIFT protocol.
The RIFT YANG module augments the /routing/control-plane-protocols/
control-plane-protocol path defined in the ietf-routing module. The
ietf-rift model defines a single instance of RIFT. Multiple
instances are instantiated as multiple control-plane protocols
instances.
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module: ietf-rift
augment /rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols
/rt:control-plane-protocol:
+--rw rift
+--rw name? string
+--ro level? level
+--rw system-id system-id
+--rw pod? uint32
+--rw configured-level? level
+--rw overload
| +--rw overload? boolean
| +--rw (timeout-type)?
| +--:(on-startup)
| | +--rw on-startup-timeout?
| | rt-types:timer-value-seconds16
| +--:(immediate)
| +--rw immediate-timeout?
| rt-types:timer-value-seconds16
+--ro proto-major-ver uint8
+--ro proto-minor-ver uint16
+--rw hierarchy-indications? enumeration
+--rw flood-reduction? boolean
+--rw nonce-increasing-interval? uint16
+--rw maximum-nonce-delta? uint8 {nonce-delta-adjust}?
+--rw adjusted-lifetime?
| rt-types:timer-value-seconds16
+--rw rx-lie-multicast-addr
| +--rw ipv4? inet:ipv4-address
| +--rw ipv6? inet:ipv6-address
+--rw tx-lie-multicast-addr
| +--rw ipv4? inet:ipv4-address
| +--rw ipv6? inet:ipv6-address
+--rw lie-tx-port? inet:port-number
+--rw global-link-capabilities
| +--rw bfd? boolean
| +--rw v4-forwarding-capable? boolean
| +--rw mtu-size? uint32
+--rw rx-flood-port? inet:port-number
+--rw global-holdtime?
| rt-types:timer-value-seconds16
+--rw tide-generation-interval?
| rt-types:timer-value-seconds16
+--rw tie-security {tie-security}?
| +--rw (auth-key-chain)?
| +--:(auth-key-chain)
| | +--rw key-chain? key-chain:key-chain-ref
| +--:(auth-key-explicit)
| +--rw key-id? uint32
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| +--rw key? string
| +--rw crypto-algorithm? identityref
+--rw algorithm-type? enumeration
+--rw instance-label? uint32 {label-switching}?
+--ro hal
| +--ro hal-value? level
| +--ro system-ids* system-id
+--ro miscabled-links* uint32
+--rw interfaces* [name]
| +--ro link-id? uint32
| +--rw name if:interface-ref
| +--rw cost? uint32
| +--rw address-families*
| | iana-rt-types:address-family
| +--rw advertised-source-addr
| | +--rw ipv4? inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| | +--rw ipv6? inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
| +--ro direction-type? enumeration
| +--rw security {tie-security}?
| | +--rw (auth-key-chain)?
| | +--:(auth-key-chain)
| | | +--rw key-chain? key-chain:key-chain-ref
| | +--:(auth-key-explicit)
| | +--rw key-id? uint32
| | +--rw key? string
| | +--rw crypto-algorithm? identityref
| +--rw security-checking? enumeration
| +--ro was-the-last-lie-accepted? boolean
| +--ro last-lie-reject-reason? string
| +--ro advertised-in-lies
| | +--ro you-are-flood-repeater? boolean
| | +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| | +--ro you-are-sending-too-quickly? boolean
| +--rw link-capabilities
| | +--rw bfd? boolean
| | +--rw v4-forwarding-capable? boolean
| | +--rw mtu-size? uint32
| +--ro state enumeration
| +--ro number-of-flaps? uint32
| +--ro last-state-change? yang:date-and-time
+--ro neighbors* [system-id]
| +--ro name? string
| +--ro level? level
| +--ro system-id system-id
| +--ro pod? uint32
| +--ro protocol-version? uint16
| +--ro sent-offer
| | +--ro level? level
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| | +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| +--ro received-offer
| | +--ro level? level
| | +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| | +--ro best? boolean
| | +--ro removed-from-consideration? boolean
| | +--ro removal-reason? string
| +--ro received-source-addr
| | +--ro ipv4? inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| | +--ro ipv6? inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
| +--ro link-id-pair* [remote-id]
| | +--ro local-id? uint32
| | +--ro remote-id uint32
| | +--ro if-index? uint32
| | +--ro if-name? if:interface-ref
| | +--ro address-families* iana-rt-types:address-family
| +--ro cost? uint32
| +--ro bandwidth? uint32
| +--ro received-link-capabilities
| | +--ro bfd? boolean
| | +--ro v4-forwarding-capable? boolean
| | +--ro mtu-size? uint32
| +--ro received-in-lies
| | +--ro you-are-flood-repeater? boolean
| | +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| | +--ro you-are-sending-too-quickly? boolean
| +--ro tx-flood-port? inet:port-number
| +--ro bfd-up? boolean
| +--ro outer-security-key-id? uint8
+--ro database
+--ro ties* [direction-type originator tie-type tie-number]
+--ro direction-type enumeration
+--ro originator system-id
+--ro tie-type enumeration
+--ro tie-number uint32
+--ro seq? uint64
+--ro origination-time?
| ieee802-1as-timestamp
+--ro origination-lifetime? uint32
+--ro node
| +--ro level? level
| +--ro neighbors* [system-id]
| | +--ro name? string
| | +--ro level? level
| | +--ro system-id system-id
| | +--ro pod? uint32
| | +--ro link-id-pair* [remote-id]
| | | +--ro local-id? uint32
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| | | +--ro remote-id uint32
| | | +--ro if-index? uint32
| | | +--ro if-name? if:interface-ref
| | | +--ro address-families*
| | | iana-rt-types:address-family
| | +--ro cost? uint32
| | +--ro bandwidth? uint32
| | +--ro received-link-capabilities
| | +--ro bfd? boolean
| | +--ro v4-forwarding-capable? boolean
| | +--ro mtu-size? uint32
| +--ro proto-minor-ver? uint16
| +--ro flood-reduction? boolean
| +--ro hierarchy-indications
| | +--ro hierarchy-indications? enumeration
| +--ro overload-flag? boolean
| +--ro name? string
| +--ro pod? uint32
| +--ro startup-time? uint64
| +--ro miscabled-links* uint32
+--ro prefixes
| +--ro prefixes* [prefix]
| +--ro prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--ro metric? uint32
| +--ro tags* uint64
| +--ro monotonic-clock
| | +--ro prefix-sequence-type
| | +--ro timestamp
| | | ieee802-1as-timestamp
| | +--ro transaction-id? uint8
| +--ro loopback? boolean
| +--ro directly-attached? boolean
| +--ro from-link? uint32
+--ro positive-disagg-prefixes
| +--ro positive-disagg-prefixes*
| [positive-disagg-prefix]
| +--ro positive-disagg-prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--ro metric? uint32
| +--ro tags* uint64
| +--ro monotonic-clock
| | +--ro prefix-sequence-type
| | +--ro timestamp
| | | ieee802-1as-timestamp
| | +--ro transaction-id? uint8
| +--ro loopback? boolean
| +--ro directly-attached? boolean
| +--ro from-link? uint32
+--ro negative-disagg-prefixes
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| +--ro negative-disagg-prefixes*
| [negative-disagg-prefix]
| +--ro negative-disagg-prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--ro metric? uint32
| +--ro tags* uint64
| +--ro monotonic-clock
| | +--ro prefix-sequence-type
| | +--ro timestamp
| | | ieee802-1as-timestamp
| | +--ro transaction-id? uint8
| +--ro loopback? boolean
| +--ro directly-attached? boolean
| +--ro from-link? uint32
+--ro external-prefixes
| +--ro external-prefixes* [external-prefix]
| +--ro external-prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--ro metric? uint32
| +--ro tags* uint64
| +--ro monotonic-clock
| | +--ro prefix-sequence-type
| | +--ro timestamp
| | | ieee802-1as-timestamp
| | +--ro transaction-id? uint8
| +--ro loopback? boolean
| +--ro directly-attached? boolean
| +--ro from-link? uint32
+--ro positive-ext-disagg-prefixes
| +--ro positive-ext-disagg-prefixes*
| [positive-ext-disagg-prefix]
| +--ro positive-ext-disagg-prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--ro metric? uint32
| +--ro tags* uint64
| +--ro monotonic-clock
| | +--ro prefix-sequence-type
| | +--ro timestamp
| | | ieee802-1as-timestamp
| | +--ro transaction-id? uint8
| +--ro loopback? boolean
| +--ro directly-attached? boolean
| +--ro from-link? uint32
+--ro key-value
+--ro key? binary
+--ro value? binary
notifications:
+---n error-set
+--ro tie-level-error
| +--ro ties* [originator]
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| +--ro direction-type? enumeration
| +--ro originator system-id
| +--ro tie-type? enumeration
| +--ro tie-number? uint32
| +--ro seq? uint64
| +--ro origination-time? ieee802-1as-timestamp
| +--ro origination-lifetime? uint32
+--ro neighbor-error
+--ro neighbors* [system-id]
+--ro name? string
+--ro level? level
+--ro system-id system-id
+--ro pod? uint32
+--ro protocol-version? uint16
+--ro sent-offer
| +--ro level? level
| +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
+--ro received-offer
| +--ro level? level
| +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| +--ro best? boolean
| +--ro removed-from-consideration? boolean
| +--ro removal-reason? string
+--ro received-source-addr
| +--ro ipv4? inet:ipv4-address-no-zone
| +--ro ipv6? inet:ipv6-address-no-zone
+--ro link-id-pair* [remote-id]
| +--ro local-id? uint32
| +--ro remote-id uint32
| +--ro if-index? uint32
| +--ro if-name? if:interface-ref
| +--ro address-families*
| iana-rt-types:address-family
+--ro cost? uint32
+--ro bandwidth? uint32
+--ro received-link-capabilities
| +--ro bfd? boolean
| +--ro v4-forwarding-capable? boolean
| +--ro mtu-size? uint32
+--ro received-in-lies
| +--ro you-are-flood-repeater? boolean
| +--ro not-a-ztp-offer? boolean
| +--ro you-are-sending-too-quickly? boolean
+--ro tx-flood-port? inet:port-number
+--ro bfd-up? boolean
+--ro outer-security-key-id? uint8
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2.4. RIFT configuration
The configuration data nodes cover node configuration attributes.
RIFT configurations require node base information configurations.
Some features can be used to enhance protocol, such as BFD [RFC5881],
flooding-reducing, community attribute.
2.5. RIFT State
The state data nodes include node, neighbor, database and kv-store
information.
2.6. Notifications
Unexpected TIE and neighbor's layer error should be notified.
3. RIFT YANG model
This module references [I-D.ietf-rift-rift], [RFC5881], [RFC6991],
[RFC8177], [RFC8294], [RFC8343], [RFC8349], [RFC8505], [IEEE8021AS].
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-rift@2023-10-16.yang"
module ietf-rift {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-rift";
prefix rift;
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix "inet";
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
}
import ietf-yang-types {
prefix "yang";
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
}
import ietf-routing {
prefix "rt";
reference
"RFC 8349: A YANG Data Model for Routing Management
(NMDA Version)";
}
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import ietf-interfaces {
prefix "if";
reference
"RFC 8343: A YANG Data Model for Interface Management";
}
import ietf-routing-types {
prefix "rt-types";
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area";
}
import iana-routing-types {
prefix "iana-rt-types";
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area";
}
import ietf-key-chain {
prefix "key-chain";
reference
"RFC 8177: YANG Data Model for Key Chains";
}
organization
"IETF RIFT (Routing In Fat Trees) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/rift/>
WG List: <mailto:rift@ietf.org>
Editor: Zheng Zhang
<mailto:zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Yuehua Wei
<mailto:wei.yuehua@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Shaowen Ma
<mailto:mashaowen@gmail.com>
Editor: Xufeng Liu
<mailto:xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com>
Editor: Bruno Rijsman
<mailto:brunorijsman@gmail.com>";
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove
// this note
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description
"This YANG module defines the generic configuration and
operational state for the RIFT protocol common to all
vendor implementations. It is intended that the module
will be extended by vendors to define vendor-specific
RIFT configuration parameters and policies --
for example, route maps or route policies.
This YANG data model conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA) as described in RFC 8342.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL',
'SHALL NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED',
'NOT RECOMMENDED', 'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document
are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119)
(RFC 8174) when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified
as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
revision 2023-10-16 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFCXXXX: YANG Data Model for Routing in Fat Trees
(RIFT).";
}
/*
* Features
*/
feature nonce-delta-adjust {
description
"Support weak nonce delta adjusting which is used in
security in section 4.4.";
reference
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"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
feature label-switching {
description
"Support label switching for instance distinguishing in
section 4.3.7.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
feature tie-security {
description
"Support security function described in section 4.4.3
for the TIE exchange.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
typedef system-id {
type string {
pattern
'[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}';
}
description
"This type defines RIFT system id using pattern,
the system id looks like: 0021.2FFF.FEB5.6E10";
}
typedef level {
type uint8 {
range "0 .. 24";
}
default "0";
description
"The value of node level.";
}
typedef ieee802-1as-timestamp {
type uint64;
units "seconds";
description
"Timestamp per IEEE802.1AS. It is advertised with prefix
to achieve mobility as described in section 4.3.3.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees.
IEEE8021AS: Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive
Applications in Bridged Local Area Networks";
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}
/*
* Identity
*/
identity rift {
base rt:routing-protocol;
description
"Identity for the RIFT routing protocol.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
/*
* Groupings
*/
grouping address-families {
leaf-list address-families {
type iana-rt-types:address-family;
description
"Indication which address families are up on the
interface.";
}
description
"Containing address families on the interface.";
}
grouping hierarchy-indications {
leaf hierarchy-indications {
type enumeration {
enum "leaf-only" {
description
"The node will never leave the
'bottom of the hierarchy'.";
}
enum "leaf-only-and-leaf-2-leaf-procedures" {
description
"This means leaf to leaf.";
}
enum "top-of-fabric" {
description
"The node is 'top of fabric'.";
}
}
description
"The hierarchy indications of this node.";
}
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description
"Flags indicating node configuration in case of ZTP";
}
grouping node-capability {
leaf proto-minor-ver {
type uint16;
description
"Represents the minor protocol encoding schema
version of this node.";
}
leaf flood-reduction {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
this node enables the flood reduction function.";
}
container hierarchy-indications {
config false;
description
"The hierarchy-indications of the node.";
uses hierarchy-indications;
}
description
"The supported capabilities of this node.";
}
grouping prefix-attribute {
leaf metric {
type uint32;
description
"The metric of this prefix.";
}
leaf-list tags {
type uint64;
description
"The tags of this prefix.";
}
container monotonic-clock {
container prefix-sequence-type {
leaf timestamp {
type ieee802-1as-timestamp;
mandatory true;
description
"The timestamp per 802.1AS can be advertised
with the desired prefix North TIEs.";
}
leaf transaction-id {
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type uint8;
description
"As per RFC 8505, a sequence number called a
Transaction ID (TID) with a prefix can be
advertised.";
reference
"RFC 8505: Registration Extensions for IPv6 over
Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN)
Neighbor Discovery";
}
description
"As described in section 4.3.3, the prefix
sequence attribute which can be advertised
for mobility.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
description
"The monotonic clock for mobile addresses.";
}
leaf loopback {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it
indicates if the interface is a node loopback.
According to section 4.3.10, the node's loopback
address can be injected into North and South
Prefix TIEs for node reachability.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf directly-attached {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it indicates that the
prefix is directly attached, i.e. should be routed to
even if the node is in overload.";
}
leaf from-link {
type uint32;
description
"In case of locally originated prefixes,
i.e. interface addresses this can describe which
link the address belongs to.";
}
description
"The attributes of the prefix.";
}
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grouping security {
choice auth-key-chain {
description
"Key chain or explicit key parameter specification";
case auth-key-chain {
leaf key-chain {
type key-chain:key-chain-ref;
description
"key-chain name.";
}
}
case auth-key-explicit {
leaf key-id {
type uint32;
description
"Key Identifier";
}
leaf key {
type string;
description
"Authentication key. The length of the key may be
dependent on the cryptographic algorithm.";
}
leaf crypto-algorithm {
type identityref {
base key-chain:crypto-algorithm;
}
description
"Cryptographic algorithm associated with key.";
}
}
}
description
"The security parameters.";
}
grouping base-node-info {
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of this node. It won't be used as the key of
node, just used for description.";
}
leaf level {
type level;
config false;
description
"The level of this node.";
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}
leaf system-id {
type system-id;
mandatory true;
description
"Each node is identified via a system-id which is 64
bits wide.";
}
leaf pod {
type uint32 {
range "1..max";
}
description
"The identifier of the Point of Delivery (PoD).
A PoD is the self-contained vertical slice of a
Clos or Fat Tree network containing normally only
level 0 and level 1 nodes. It communicates with nodes
in other PoDs via the spine. Making this leaf
unspecified indicates that the PoD is 'undefined'.";
}
description
"The base information of a node.";
} // base-node-info
grouping link-capabilities {
leaf bfd {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"If this value is set to 'true', it means that
BFD function is enabled on the neighbor.";
reference
"RFC 5881: Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)
for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)";
}
leaf v4-forwarding-capable {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"If this value is set to 'true', it means that
the neighbor supports v4 forwarding.";
}
leaf mtu-size {
type uint32;
default "1400";
description
"MTU of the link.";
}
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description
"The features of neighbor.";
} // link-capabilities
grouping addresses {
leaf ipv4 {
type inet:ipv4-address-no-zone;
description
"IPv4 address to be used.";
}
leaf ipv6 {
type inet:ipv6-address-no-zone;
description
"IPv6 address to be used.";
}
description
"IPv4 and/or IPv6 address to be used.";
}
grouping lie-elements {
leaf you-are-flood-repeater {
type boolean;
description
"If the neighbor on this link is flooding repeater
described in section 4.2.3.9. When this value is
set to 'true', the value can be carried in exchanged
packet.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf not-a-ztp-offer {
type boolean;
description
"As described in section 4.2.7. When this value is
set to 'true', the flag can be carried in the LIE
packet. When the value received in the LIE from
neighbor, it indicates the level on the LIE MUST
NOT be used to derive a ZTP level by the receiving
node.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf you-are-sending-too-quickly {
type boolean;
description
"Can be optionally set to indicate to neighbor that
packet losses are seen on reception based on packet
numbers or the rate is too high. The receiver SHOULD
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temporarily slow down flooding rates. When this value
is set to 'true', the flag can be carried in packet.";
}
description
"The elements set in the LIEs.";
} // lie-elements
grouping link-id-pair {
leaf local-id {
type uint32;
description
"The local-id of link connect to this neighbor.";
}
leaf remote-id {
type uint32;
description
"The remote-id to reach this neighbor.";
}
leaf if-index {
type uint32;
description
"The local index of this interface.";
}
leaf if-name {
type if:interface-ref;
description
"The name of this interface.";
}
uses address-families;
description
"A pair of local and remote link-id to identify a link
between two nodes.";
} // link-id-pair
grouping neighbor-node {
list link-id-pair {
key "remote-id";
uses link-id-pair;
description
"The Multiple parallel links to this neighbor.";
}
leaf cost {
type uint32;
description
"The cost value advertised by the neighbor.";
}
leaf bandwidth {
type uint32;
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description
"Total bits bandwith to neighbor, this will be
normally sum of the bandwidths of all the
parallel links.";
}
container received-link-capabilities {
uses link-capabilities;
description
"The link capabilities advertised by the neighbor.";
}
description
"The neighbor information indicated in node TIE.";
} // neighbor-node
grouping neighbor {
leaf protocol-version {
type uint16;
description
"Represents the protocol encoding schema version of
this neighbor.";
}
container sent-offer {
leaf level {
type level;
description
"The level value.";
}
leaf not-a-ztp-offer {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it indicates the
level on the LIE MUST NOT be used to derive a
ZTP level by the neighbor.";
}
description
"The level sent to the neighbor in case the neighbor
needs to be offered.";
}
container received-offer {
leaf level {
type level;
description
"The level value.";
}
leaf not-a-ztp-offer {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it indicates the
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level on the received LIE MUST NOT be used to
derive a ZTP level.";
}
leaf best {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
the level is the best level received from all
the neighbors.";
}
leaf removed-from-consideration {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
the level value is not considered to be used.";
}
leaf removal-reason {
type string;
description
"The reason why this value is not considered to
be used.";
}
description
"The level offered to the interface from the neighbor.
And if the level value is considered to be used.";
}
container received-source-addr {
uses addresses;
description
"The source address of LIE and TIE packets from
the neighbor.";
} // received-offer
uses neighbor-node;
container received-in-lies {
uses lie-elements;
description
"The attributes received from this neighbor.";
}
leaf tx-flood-port {
type inet:port-number;
default "915";
description
"The UDP port which is used by the neighbor to flood
TIEs.";
}
leaf bfd-up {
type boolean;
description
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"If the value is set to 'true', it means that the link
is protected by established BFD session.";
}
leaf outer-security-key-id {
type uint8;
description
"As described in section 4.4.3, the received security
key id from the neighbor.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
description
"The neighbor information.";
} // neighbor
grouping direction-type {
leaf direction-type {
type enumeration {
enum illegal {
description
"Illegal direction.";
}
enum south {
description
"A link to a node one level down.";
}
enum north {
description
"A link to a node one level up.";
}
enum east-west {
description
"A link to a node in the same level.";
}
enum max {
description
"The max value of direction.";
}
}
config false;
description
"The type of a link.";
}
description
"The type of a link.";
} // direction-type
grouping tie-header {
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uses direction-type;
leaf originator {
type system-id;
description
"The originator's system-id of this TIE.";
}
leaf tie-type {
type enumeration {
enum "node" {
description
"The node TIE.";
}
enum "prefix" {
description
"The prefix TIE.";
}
enum "positive-disaggregation-prefix" {
description
"The positive disaggregation prefix TIE.";
}
enum "negative-disaggregation-prefix" {
description
"The negative disaggregation prefix TIE.";
}
enum "pgp-prefix" {
description
"The policy guide prefix TIE.";
}
enum "key-value" {
description
"The key value TIE.";
}
enum "external-prefix" {
description
"The external prefix TIE.";
}
enum "positive-external-disaggregation-prefix" {
description
"The positive external disaggregation prefix TIE.";
}
}
description
"The types of TIE.";
}
leaf tie-number {
type uint32;
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description
"The number of this TIE";
}
leaf seq {
type uint64;
description
"As described in section 4.2.3.1, the sequence number
of a TIE.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf origination-time {
type ieee802-1as-timestamp;
description
"Absolute timestamp when the TIE was generated.
This can be used on fabrics with synchronized
clock to prevent lifetime modification attacks.";
}
leaf origination-lifetime {
type uint32;
description
"Original lifetime when the TIE was generated.
This can be used on fabrics with synchronized clock
to prevent lifetime modification attacks.";
}
description
"TIE is the acronym for 'Topology Information Element'.
TIEs are exchanged between RIFT nodes to describe parts
of a network such as links and address prefixes.
This is the TIE header information.";
} // tie-header
/*
* Data nodes
*/
augment "/rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols"
+ "/rt:control-plane-protocol" {
when "derived-from-or-self(rt:type, 'rift:rift')" {
description
"This augment is only valid when routing protocol
instance type is 'RIFT'.";
}
description
"RIFT ( Routing in Fat Trees ) YANG model.";
container rift {
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description
"RIFT configuration and state data.";
uses base-node-info;
leaf configured-level {
type level;
description
"The configured level value of this node.
If the 'hierarchy-indications' is set to 'leaf-only'
or 'leaf-only-and-leaf-2-leaf-procedures', this
value means the leaf level.
And the combination of this value and
'hierarchy-indications' can also be used to indicate
the maximum level value of 'top-of-fabric-level'.";
}
container overload {
description
"If the overload in TIEs can be set
and the timeout value with according type.";
leaf overload {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
the overload bit in TIEs can be set.";
}
choice timeout-type {
description
"The value of timeout timer for overloading.
This makes sense when overload is set to 'TRUE'.";
case on-startup {
leaf on-startup-timeout {
type rt-types:timer-value-seconds16;
description
"Node goes into overload until this timer
expires when starting up.";
}
}
case immediate {
leaf immediate-timeout {
type rt-types:timer-value-seconds16;
description
"Set overload and remove after the timeout
expired.";
}
}
}
}
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leaf proto-major-ver {
type uint8;
config false;
mandatory true;
description
"Represents protocol encoding schema major version.";
}
leaf proto-minor-ver {
type uint16;
config false;
mandatory true;
description
"Represents protocol encoding schema minor version.";
}
uses hierarchy-indications;
leaf flood-reduction {
type boolean;
description
"If the node supports flood reduction function defined
in section 4.2.3.8. If this value is set to 'true',
it means that the flood reduction function is
enabled.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf nonce-increasing-interval {
type uint16;
units seconds;
description
"The configurable nonce increasing interval.";
}
leaf maximum-nonce-delta {
if-feature nonce-delta-adjust;
type uint8 {
range "1..5";
}
description
"The configurable valid nonce delta value used for
security. It is used as vulnerability window defined
in section 4.4.7.
If the nonces in received packet exceeds the range
indicated by this value, the packet MUST be
discarded.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf adjusted-lifetime {
type rt-types:timer-value-seconds16;
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units seconds;
description
"The adjusted lifetime may affect the TIE stability.
Be careful to change this parameter.";
}
container rx-lie-multicast-addr {
leaf ipv4 {
type inet:ipv4-address;
default "224.0.0.121";
description
"The configurable LIE receiving IPv4 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
leaf ipv6 {
type inet:ipv6-address;
description
"The configurable LIE receiving IPv6 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
description
"The configurable LIE receiving IPv4/IPv6 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
container tx-lie-multicast-addr {
leaf ipv4 {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"The configurable LIE sending IPv4 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
leaf ipv6 {
type inet:ipv6-address;
default "FF02::A1F7";
description
"The configurable LIE sending IPv6 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
description
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"The configurable LIE sending IPv4/IPv6 multicast
address.
Different multicast addresses can be used for
receiving and sending.";
}
leaf lie-tx-port {
type inet:port-number;
default "914";
description
"The UDP port of LIE packet sending. The default port
number is 914. The value can be set to other value
associated with different RIFT instance.";
}
container global-link-capabilities {
uses link-capabilities;
description
"The node default link capabilities. It can be
overwrite by the configuration underneath interface
and neighbor.";
}
leaf rx-flood-port {
type inet:port-number;
default "915";
description
"The UDP port which can be used to receive flooded
TIEs. The default port number is 915. The value can
be set to other value associated with different
RIFT instance.";
}
leaf global-holdtime {
type rt-types:timer-value-seconds16;
units seconds;
default "3";
description
"The holding time of LIE.";
}
leaf tide-generation-interval {
type rt-types:timer-value-seconds16;
units seconds;
default "5";
description
"The TIDE generation interval.";
}
container tie-security {
if-feature tie-security;
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uses security;
description
"As described in section 4.4.3, the security function
used for the TIE exchange.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf algorithm-type {
type enumeration {
enum spf {
description
"The algorithm is SPF.";
}
enum all-path {
description
"The algorithm is all-path.";
}
}
description
"The possible algorithm types.";
}
leaf instance-label {
if-feature label-switching;
type uint32;
description
"As per section 4.3.7, a locally significant,
downstream assigned, interface specific label may
be advertised in its LIEs. This value can be used
to distinguish among multiple RIFT instances.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
container hal {
config false;
leaf hal-value {
type level;
description
"The highest defined level value seen from all
valid level offers received.";
}
leaf-list system-ids{
type system-id;
description
"The node's system-id of the offered level comes
from.";
}
description
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"The highest defined level and the offered nodes set.";
}
leaf-list miscabled-links {
type uint32;
config false;
description
"List of miscabled links.";
}
list interfaces {
key "name";
leaf link-id {
type uint32;
config false;
description
"The local id of this interface.";
}
leaf name {
type if:interface-ref;
description
"The interface's name.";
}
leaf cost {
type uint32;
description
"The cost from this interface to the neighbor.";
}
uses address-families;
container advertised-source-addr {
uses addresses;
description
"The address used in the advertised LIE and TIE
packets.";
}
uses direction-type;
container security {
if-feature tie-security;
uses security;
description
"As described in section 4.4.3, the security
function used for this interface.";
reference
"I-D.ietf-rift-rift: RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees";
}
leaf security-checking {
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type enumeration {
enum "no-checking" {
description
"The security envelop does not be checked.";
}
enum "permissive" {
description
"The security envelop checking is permissive.";
}
enum "loose" {
description
"The security envelop checking is loose.";
}
enum "strict" {
description
"The security envelop checking is strict.";
}
}
description
"The possible security checking types.
Only one type can be set at the same time.";
}
leaf was-the-last-lie-accepted {
type boolean;
config false;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
the most recently received LIE was accepted.
If the LIE was rejected, the neighbor error
notifications should be used to find the reason.";
}
leaf last-lie-reject-reason {
type string;
config false;
description
"Description for the reject reason of the last LIE.";
}
container advertised-in-lies {
config false;
uses lie-elements;
description
"The attributes advertised in the LIEs from
this interface.";
}
container link-capabilities {
uses link-capabilities;
description
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"The interface's link capabilities.";
}
leaf state {
type enumeration {
enum "OneWay" {
description
"The initial state of neighbor.";
}
enum "TwoWay" {
description
"This means leaf to leaf.";
}
enum "ThreeWay" {
description
"The node is 'top of fabric'.";
}
enum "Multiple-Neighbors-Wait" {
description
"The node is 'top of fabric'.";
}
}
config false;
mandatory true;
description
"The hierarchy indications of this node.";
}
leaf number-of-flaps {
type uint32;
config false;
description
"The number of interface state flaps.";
}
leaf last-state-change {
type yang:date-and-time;
config false;
description
"Time duration in the current state.";
}
description
"The interface information on this node.";
} // list interface
list neighbors {
key "system-id";
config false;
uses base-node-info;
uses neighbor;
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description
"The neighbor's information.";
}
container database {
config false;
list ties {
key "direction-type originator tie-type tie-number";
description
"A list of TIEs (Topology Information Elements).";
uses tie-header;
container node {
leaf level {
type level;
config false;
description
"The level of this node.";
}
list neighbors {
key "system-id";
uses base-node-info;
uses neighbor-node;
description
"The node TIE information of a neighbor.";
}
uses node-capability;
leaf overload-flag {
type boolean;
description
"If the value is set to 'true', it means that
the overload bit in TIEs is set.";
}
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of this node. It won't be used as the
key of node, just used for description.";
}
leaf pod {
type uint32;
description
"Point of Delivery. The self-contained vertical
slice of a Clos or Fat Tree network containing
normally only level 0 and level 1 nodes. It
communicates with nodes in other PoDs via the
spine. We number PoDs to distinguish them and
use PoD #0 to denote 'undefined' PoD.";
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}
leaf startup-time {
type uint64;
description
"Startup time of the node.";
}
leaf-list miscabled-links {
type uint32;
config false;
description
"List of miscabled links.";
}
description
"The node element information in this TIE.";
} // node
container prefixes {
description
"The prefix element information in this TIE.";
list prefixes {
key "prefix";
leaf prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"The prefix information.";
}
uses prefix-attribute;
description
"The prefix set information.";
}
}
container positive-disagg-prefixes {
list positive-disagg-prefixes {
key "positive-disagg-prefix";
leaf positive-disagg-prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"The prefix information.";
}
uses prefix-attribute;
description
"The positive disaggregation prefix information.";
}
description
"The positive disaggregation prefixes set.";
}
container negative-disagg-prefixes {
list negative-disagg-prefixes {
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key "negative-disagg-prefix";
leaf negative-disagg-prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"The prefix information.";
}
uses prefix-attribute;
description
"The negative disaggregation prefix information.";
}
description
"The negative disaggregation prefixes set.";
}
container external-prefixes {
list external-prefixes {
key "external-prefix";
leaf external-prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"The prefix information.";
}
uses prefix-attribute;
description
"The external prefix information.";
}
description
"The external prefixes set.";
}
container positive-ext-disagg-prefixes {
list positive-ext-disagg-prefixes {
key "positive-ext-disagg-prefix";
leaf positive-ext-disagg-prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"The prefix information.";
}
uses prefix-attribute;
description
"The positive external disaggregation prefix
information.";
}
description
"The positive external disaggregation prefixes
set.";
}
container key-value {
leaf key {
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type binary;
description
"The type of key value combination.";
}
leaf value {
type binary;
description
"The value of key value combination.";
}
description
"The information used to distinguish a Key/Value
pair. When the type of kv is set to 'node',
node-element is making sense. When the type of
kv is set to other values except 'node',
prefix-info is making sense.";
} // kv-store
} // ties
description
"The TIEs information in database.";
}// container database
}//rift
}//augment
/*
* Notifications
*/
notification error-set {
description
"The errors notification of RIFT.";
container tie-level-error {
list ties {
key "originator";
uses tie-header;
description
"The level is undefined in the LIEs.";
}
description
"The TIE errors set.";
}
container neighbor-error {
list neighbors {
key "system-id";
uses base-node-info;
uses neighbor;
description
"The information of a neighbor.";
}
description
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"The neighbor errors set.";
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
4. Security Considerations
The YANG module specified in this document defines a schema for data
that is designed to be accessed via network management protocols such
as NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. The lowest NETCONF layer
is the secure transport layer, and the mandatory-to-implement secure
transport is Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242]. The lowest RESTCONF layer
is HTTPS, and the mandatory-to-implement secure transport is TLS
[RFC8446].
The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM) [RFC8341]
provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or
RESTCONF users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or
RESTCONF protocol operations and content.
There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
effect on network operations. Writable data node represent
configuration of each instance, node, interface, etc. These
correspond to the following schema node:
* /rift
Modifying the configuration may cause all the RIFT neighborship to be
rebuilt. For example, the configuration changing of configured-level
or system-id, will lead to all the neighbor connections of this node
rebuilt. The incorrect modification of authentication, except for
the neighbor connection broken, will lead to the permanent connection
broken. The modification of interface, will lead to the neighbor
state changing. In general, unauthorized modification of most RIFT
configurations will pose there own set of security risks and the
"Security Considerations" in the respective reference RFCs should be
consulted.
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Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be considered
sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus
important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config, or
notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and data
nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
* /rift
* /rift/tie-security
* /rift/interface
* /rift/neighbor
* /rift/database
The exposure of the database will expose the detailed topology of the
network. Network operators may consider their topologies to be
sensitive confidential data.
For RIFT authentication, configuration is supported via the
specification of key-chains [RFC8177] or the direct specification of
key and authentication algorithm. Hence, authentication
configuration inherits the security considerations of [RFC8177].
This includes the considerations with respect to the local storage
and handling of authentication keys.
The actual authentication key data (whether locally specified or part
of a key chain) is sensitive and needs to be kept secret from
unauthorized parties; compromise of the key data would allow an
attacker to forge RIFT packet that would be accepted as authentic,
potentially compromising the entire domain.
5. IANA Considerations
RFC Ed.: Please replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the actual RFC
number (and remove this note).
This document registers a URI in the IETF XML registry [RFC3688].
Following the format in [RFC3688], the following registration is
requested to be made:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-rift
Registrant Contact: The IESG
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
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This document also requests one new YANG module name in the YANG
Module Names registry [RFC6020] with the following suggestion:
name: ietf-rift
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-rift
prefix: rift
reference: RFC XXXX
6. Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank Tony Przygienda, Benchong Xu
(xu.benchong@zte.com.cn), Tom Petch for their review, valuable
comments and suggestions.
7. References
7.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-rift-rift]
Przygienda, T., Sharma, A., Thubert, P., Rijsman, B.,
Afanasiev, D., and J. Head, "RIFT: Routing in Fat Trees",
Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-rift-rift-18,
10 July 2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
draft-ietf-rift-rift-18>.
[IEEE8021AS]
"IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks -
Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications
in Bridged Local Area Networks",
<https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5741898/>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC5881] Katz, D. and D. Ward, "Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
(BFD) for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)", RFC 5881,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5881, June 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5881>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
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[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6242] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8177] Lindem, A., Ed., Qu, Y., Yeung, D., Chen, I., and J.
Zhang, "YANG Data Model for Key Chains", RFC 8177,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8177, June 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8177>.
[RFC8294] Liu, X., Qu, Y., Lindem, A., Hopps, C., and L. Berger,
"Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area", RFC 8294,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8294, December 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8294>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8342] Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.
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[RFC8343] Bjorklund, M., "A YANG Data Model for Interface
Management", RFC 8343, DOI 10.17487/RFC8343, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8343>.
[RFC8349] Lhotka, L., Lindem, A., and Y. Qu, "A YANG Data Model for
Routing Management (NMDA Version)", RFC 8349,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8349, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8349>.
[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.
[RFC8505] Thubert, P., Ed., Nordmark, E., Chakrabarti, S., and C.
Perkins, "Registration Extensions for IPv6 over Low-Power
Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Neighbor
Discovery", RFC 8505, DOI 10.17487/RFC8505, November 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8505>.
7.2. Informative References
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC8407] Bierman, A., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of
Documents Containing YANG Data Models", BCP 216, RFC 8407,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8407, October 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8407>.
[RFC8639] Voit, E., Clemm, A., Gonzalez Prieto, A., Nilsen-Nygaard,
E., and A. Tripathy, "Subscription to YANG Notifications",
RFC 8639, DOI 10.17487/RFC8639, September 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8639>.
[RFC8641] Clemm, A. and E. Voit, "Subscription to YANG Notifications
for Datastore Updates", RFC 8641, DOI 10.17487/RFC8641,
September 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8641>.
Authors' Addresses
Zheng Zhang
ZTE Corporation
Email: zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn
Yuehua Wei
ZTE Corporation
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Email: wei.yuehua@zte.com.cn
Shaowen Ma
Google
Email: mashaowen@gmail.com
Xufeng Liu
Alef Edge
Email: xufeng.liu.ietf@gmail.com
Bruno Rijsman
Individual
Email: brunorijsman@gmail.com
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