Internet DRAFT - draft-kivinen-ipsecme-signature-auth
draft-kivinen-ipsecme-signature-auth
IP Security Maintenance and Extensions T. Kivinen
(ipsecme) INSIDE Secure
Internet-Draft J. Snyder
Updates: RFC 5996 (if approved) Opus One
Intended status: Standards Track July 21, 2014
Expires: January 22, 2015
Signature Authentication in IKEv2
draft-kivinen-ipsecme-signature-auth-07.txt
Abstract
The Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) protocol has limited
support for the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA).
The current version only includes support for three Elliptic Curve
groups, and there is a fixed hash algorithm tied to each group. This
document generalizes IKEv2 signature support to allow any signature
method supported by the PKIX and also adds signature hash algorithm
negotiation. This is a generic mechanism, and is not limited to
ECDSA, but can also be used with other signature algorithms.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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This Internet-Draft will expire on January 22, 2015.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
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carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Authentication Payload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Hash Algorithm Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. Selecting the Public Key Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Appendix A. Commonly used ASN.1 objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
A.1. PKCS#1 1.5 RSA Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
A.1.1. sha1WithRSAEncryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
A.1.2. sha256WithRSAEncryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.1.3. sha384WithRSAEncryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.1.4. sha512WithRSAEncryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.2. DSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.2.1. dsa-with-sha1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
A.2.2. dsa-with-sha256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A.3. ECDSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A.3.1. ecdsa-with-sha1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A.3.2. ecdsa-with-sha256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
A.3.3. ecdsa-with-sha384 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.3.4. ecdsa-with-sha512 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.4. RSASSA-PSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.4.1. RSASSA-PSS with empty parameters . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A.4.2. RSASSA-PSS with default parameters . . . . . . . . . . 16
A.4.3. RSASSA-PSS with SHA-256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Appendix B. IKEv2 Payload Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
B.1. sha1WithRSAEncryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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1. Introduction
This document adds a new IKEv2 ([RFC5996]) authentication method to
support signature methods in a more general way. The current
signature-based authentication methods in IKEv2 are per-algorithm,
i.e. there is one for RSA digital signatures, one for DSS digital
signatures (using SHA-1) and three for different ECDSA curves, each
tied to exactly one hash algorithm. This design is cumbersome when
more signature algorithms, hash algorithms and elliptic curves need
to be supported:
o In IKEv2, authentication using RSA digital signatures calls for
padding based on RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5, although the newer RSASSA_PSS
padding method is now recommended. (See section 5 of "Additional
Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in PKIX
Profile" [RFC4055]).
o With ECDSA and DSS there is no way to extract the hash algorithm
from the signature. Thus, for each new hash function to be
supported with ECDSA or DSA, new authentication methods would be
needed. Support for new hash functions is particularly needed for
DSS because the current restriction to SHA-1 limits its security,
meaning there is no point of using long keys with SHA-1.
o The tying of ECDSA authentication methods to particular elliptic
curve groups requires definition of additional methods for each
new group. The combination of new ECDSA groups and hash functions
will cause the number of required authentication methods to become
unmanageable. Furthermore, the restriction of ECDSA
authentication to a specific group is inconsistent with the
approach taken with DSS.
With the selection of SHA-3, it might be possible that a signature
method can be used with either SHA-3 or SHA-2. This means that a new
mechanism for negotiating the hash algorithm for a signature
algorithm is needed.
This document specifies two things:
1. A new authentication method which includes enough information
inside the Authentication payload data so that the signature hash
algorithm can be extracted (see Section 3).
2. A method to indicate supported signature hash algorithms (see
Section 4). This allows the peer to know which hash algorithms
are supported by the other end and use one of them (provided one
is allowed by policy). There is no requirement to actually
negotiate one common hash algorithm, as different hash algorithms
can be used in different directions if needed.
The new digital signature method is flexible enough to include all
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current signature methods (RSA, DSA, ECDSA, RSASSA-PSS, etc.), and
add new methods (ECGDSA, ElGamal, etc.) in the future. To support
this flexibility, the signature algorithm is specified in the same
way that PKIX ([RFC5280]) specifies the signature of the Digital
Certificate, by placing a simple ASN.1 object before the actual
signature data. This ASN.1 object contains an OID specifying the
algorithm and associated parameters. When an IKEv2 implementation
supports a fixed set of signature methods with commonly used
parameters, it is acceptable for the implementation to treat the
ASN.1 object as a binary blob which can be compared against the fixed
set of known values. IKEv2 implementations can also parse the ASN.1
and extract the signature algorithm and associated parameters.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. Authentication Payload
This document specifies a new "Digital Signature" authentication
method. This method can be used with any type of signature. As the
authentication methods are not negotiated in IKEv2, the peer is only
allowed to use this authentication method if the Notify payload of
type SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS has been sent and received by each
peer.
In this authentication method, the Authentication Data field inside
the Authentication Payload does not just include the signature value,
as do other existing IKEv2 Authentication Payloads. Instead, the
signature value is prefixed with an ASN.1 object indicating the
algorithm used to generate the signature. The ASN.1 object contains
the algorithm identification OID, which identifies both the signature
algorithm and the hash used when calculating the signature. In
addition to the OID, the ASN.1 object can contain optional parameters
which might be needed for algorithms such as RSASSA-PSS (Section 8.1
of [RFC3447]).
To make implementations easier, the ASN.1 object is prefixed by the
8-bit length field. This length field allows simple implementations
to know the length of the ASN.1 object without the need to parse it,
so they can use it as a binary blob to be compared against known
signature algorithm ASN.1 objects. Thus, simple implementations may
not need to be able to parse or generate ASN.1 objects. See
Appendix A for commonly used ASN.1 objects.
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The ASN.1 used here is the same ASN.1 used in the AlgorithmIdentifier
of PKIX (Section 4.1.1.2 of [RFC5280]), encoded using distinguished
encoding rules (DER) [CCITT.X690.2002]. The algorithm OID inside the
ASN.1 specifies the signature algorithm and the hash function, both
of which are needed for signature verification.
Currently, only the RSASSA-PSS signature algorithm uses the optional
parameters. For other signature algorithms, the parameters are
either NULL or missing. Note, that for some algorithms there are two
possible ASN.1 encodings, one with optional parameters included but
set to NULL and the other where the optional parameters are omitted.
These dual encodings exist because of the way those algorithms are
specified. When encoding the ASN.1, implementations SHOULD use the
preferred format called for by the algorithm specification. If the
algorithm specification says "preferredPresent" then the parameters
object needs to be present, although it will be NULL if no parameters
are specified. If the algorithm specification says
"preferredAbsent", then the entire optional parameters object is
missing.
The Authentication payload is defined in IKEv2 as follows:
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Next Payload |C| RESERVED | Payload Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Auth Method | RESERVED |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ Authentication Data ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 1: Authentication Payload Format.
o Auth Method (1 octet) - Specifies the method of authentication
used.
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Mechanism Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Digital Signature <TBD>
Computed as specified in Section 2.15 of RFC5996 using a
private key associated with the public key sent in the
Certificate payload, and using one of the hash algorithms
sent by the other end in the Notify payload of type
SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS. If both ends send and receive
SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS Notify payloads and signature
authentication is to be used, then the authentication
method specified in this Authentication payload MUST be
used. The format of the Authentication Data field is
different from other Authentication methods and is
specified below.
o Authentication Data (variable length) - see Section 2.15 of
RFC5996. For "Digital Signature" format, the Authentication data
is formatted as follows:
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ASN.1 Length | AlgorithmIdentifier ASN.1 object |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ AlgorithmIdentifier ASN.1 object continuing ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ Signature Value ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 2: Authentication Data Format.
* ASN.1 Length (1 octet) - This field contains the length of the
ASN.1 encoded AlgorithmIdentifier object.
* Algorithm Identifier (variable length) - This field contains
the AlgorithmIdentifier ASN.1 object.
* Signature Value (variable length) - This field contains the
actual signature value.
There is no padding between ASN.1 object and signature value. For
hash truncation, the method specified in ANSI X9.62:2005 ([X9.62])
MUST be used.
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4. Hash Algorithm Notification
The supported hash algorithms that can be used for the signature
algorithms are indicated with a Notify payload of type
SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS sent inside the IKE_SA_INIT exchange.
This notification also implicitly indicates support of the new
"Digital Signature" algorithm method, as well as the list of hash
functions supported by the sending peer.
Both ends send their list of supported hash algorithms. When
calculating the digital signature, a peer MUST pick one algorithm
sent by the other peer. Note that different algorithms can be used
in different directions. The algorithm OID indicating the selected
hash algorithm (and signature algorithm) used when calculating the
signature is sent inside the Authentication Data field of the
Authentication payload (with Auth Method of "Digital Signature" as
defined above).
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Next Payload |C| RESERVED | Payload Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Protocol ID | SPI Size | Notify Message Type |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ Security Parameter Index (SPI) ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ Notification Data ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 3: Notify Payload Format.
The Notify payload format is defined in RFC5996 section 3.10. When a
Notify payload of type SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS is sent, the
Protocol ID field is set to 0, the SPI Size is set to 0, and the
Notify Message Type is set to <TBD from status types>.
The Notification Data field contains the list of 16-bit hash
algorithm identifiers from the Hash Algorithm Identifiers for the
IKEv2 IANA registry. There is no padding between the hash algorithm
identifiers.
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5. Selecting the Public Key Algorithm
This specification does not provide a way for the peers to indicate
the public / private key pair types they have. This raises the
question of how the responder selects a public / private key pair
type that the initiator supports. This information can be found by
several methods.
One method to signal the key the initiator wants the responder to use
is to indicate that in the IDr payload of the IKE_AUTH request sent
by the initiator. In this case, the initiator indicates that it
wants the responder to use a particular public / private key pair by
sending an IDr payload which indicates that information. In this
case, the responder has different identities configured, with each of
those identities associated to a public / private key or key type.
Another method to ascertain the key the initiator wants the responder
to use is through a Certificate Request payload sent by the
initiator. For example, the initiator could indicate in the
Certificate Request payload that it trusts a CA signed by an ECDSA
key. This indication implies that the initiator can process ECDSA
signatures, which means that the responder can safely use ECDSA keys
when authenticating.
A third method is for the responder to check the key type used by the
initiator, and use same key type that the initiator used. This
method does not work if the initiator is using shared secret or EAP
authentication (i.e., is not using public keys). If the initiator is
using public key authentication, this method is the best way for the
responder to ascertain the type of key the initiator supports.
If the initiator uses a public key type that the responder does not
support, the responder replies with a Notify message with error type
AUTHENTICATION_FAILED. If the initiator has multiple different keys,
it may try a different key (and perhaps a different key type) until
it finds a key that the other end accepts. The initiator can also
use the Certificate Request payload sent by the responder to help
decide which public key should be tried. In normal cases, when the
initiator has multiple public keys, out-of-band configuration is used
to select a public key for each connection.
6. Security Considerations
The "Recommendations for Key Management" ([NIST800-57]) table 2
combined with table 3 gives recommendations for how to select
suitable hash functions for the signature.
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This new digital signature method does not tie the Elliptic Curve to
a specific hash function, which was done in the old IKEv2 ECDSA
methods. This means it is possible to mix different security levels.
For example, it is possible to use 512-bit Elliptic Curve with SHA1.
This means that the security of the authentication method is the
security of the weakest component (signature algorithm, hash
algorithm, or curve). This complicates the security analysis of the
system.
IKEv2 peers have a series of policy databases (see [RFC4301] section
4.4 "Major IPsec Databases") that define which security algorithms
and methods should be used during establishment of security
associations. To help end-users select the desired security levels
for communications protected by IPsec, implementers may wish to
provide a mechanism in the IKE policy databases to limit the mixing
of security levels or to restrict combinations of protocols.
Security downgrade attacks, where more secure methods are deleted or
modified from a payload by a Man-in-the-Middle to force lower levels
of security, are not a significant concern in IKEv2 Authentication
Payloads as discussed in this RFC. This is because a modified AUTH
payload will be detected when the peer computes a signature over the
IKE messages.
One specific class of downgrade attacks requires selection of
catastrophically weak ciphers. In this type of attack, the Man-in-
the-Middle attacker is able to "break" the cryptography in real time.
This type of downgrade attack should be blocked by policy regarding
cipher algorithm selection, as discussed above.
The hash algorithm registry does not include MD5 as a supported hash
algorithm, as it is not considered safe enough for signature use
([WY05]).
The current IKEv2 protocol uses RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5, which has known
security vulnerabilities ([KA08], [ME01]) and does not allow using
newer padding methods such as RSASSA-PSS. The new method described
in this RFC allows using other padding methods.
The current IKEv2 protocol only allows use of normal DSA with SHA-1,
which means the security of the authentication is limited to the
security of SHA-1. This new method allows using longer keys and
longer hashes with DSA.
7. IANA Considerations
This document creates a new IANA registry for IKEv2 Hash Algorithms.
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Changes and additions to this registry are by expert review.
The initial values of this registry are:
Hash Algorithm Value
-------------- -----
RESERVED 0
SHA1 1
SHA2-256 2
SHA2-384 3
SHA2-512 4
MD5 is not included in the hash algorithm list as it is not
considered safe enough for signature hash uses.
Values 5-1023 are reserved to IANA. Values 1024-65535 are for
private use among mutually consenting parties.
This specification also adds one new "IKEv2 Notify Message Types -
Status Types" value for SIGNATURE_HASH_ALGORITHMS, and adds one new
"IKEv2 Authentication Method" value for "Digital Signature".
8. Acknowledgements
Most of this work was based on the work done in the IPsecME design
team for the ECDSA. The design team members were: Dan Harkins,
Johannes Merkle, Tero Kivinen, David McGrew, and Yoav Nir.
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008.
[RFC5996] Kaufman, C., Hoffman, P., Nir, Y., and P. Eronen,
"Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2)",
RFC 5996, September 2010.
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9.2. Informative References
[CCITT.X690.2002]
International Telephone and Telegraph Consultative
Committee, "ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of basic
encoding Rules (BER), Canonical encoding rules (CER) and
Distinguished encoding rules (DER)", CCITT Recommendation
X.690, July 2002.
[KA08] Kuehn, U., Pyshkin, A., Tews, E., and R. Weinmann,
"Variants of Bleichenbacher's Low-Exponent Attack on
PKCS#1 RSA Signatures", Proc. Sicherheit 2008 pp.97-109.
[ME01] Menezes, A., "Evaluation of Security Level of
Cryptography: RSA-OAEP, RSA-PSS, RSA Signature",
December 2001.
[NIST800-57]
Barker, E., Barker, W., Burr, W., Polk, W., and M. Smid,
"Recommendations for Key Management", NIST SP 800-57,
March 2007.
[RFC3279] Bassham, L., Polk, W., and R. Housley, "Algorithms and
Identifiers for the Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile", RFC 3279, April 2002.
[RFC3447] Jonsson, J. and B. Kaliski, "Public-Key Cryptography
Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications
Version 2.1", RFC 3447, February 2003.
[RFC4055] Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and R. Housley, "Additional
Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in
the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 4055,
June 2005.
[RFC4301] Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005.
[RFC5480] Turner, S., Brown, D., Yiu, K., Housley, R., and T. Polk,
"Elliptic Curve Cryptography Subject Public Key
Information", RFC 5480, March 2009.
[RFC5758] Dang, Q., Santesson, S., Moriarty, K., Brown, D., and T.
Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure:
Additional Algorithms and Identifiers for DSA and ECDSA",
RFC 5758, January 2010.
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[RFC5912] Hoffman, P. and J. Schaad, "New ASN.1 Modules for the
Public Key Infrastructure Using X.509 (PKIX)", RFC 5912,
June 2010.
[WY05] Wang, X. and H. Yu, "How to break MD5 and other hash
functions", Proceedings of EuroCrypt 2005, Lecture Notes
in Computer Science Vol. 3494, 2005.
[X9.62] American National Standards Institute, "Public Key
Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: The
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)",
ANSI X9.62, November 2005.
Appendix A. Commonly used ASN.1 objects
This section lists commonly used ASN.1 objects in binary form. This
section is not normative, and these values should only be used as
examples. If the ASN.1 object listed in Appendix A and the ASN.1
object specified by the algorithm differ, then the algorithm
specification must be used. These values are taken from "New ASN.1
Modules for the Public Key Infrastructure Using X.509 (PKIX)"
([RFC5912]).
A.1. PKCS#1 1.5 RSA Encryption
The algorithm identifiers here include several different ASN.1
objects with different hash algorithms. This document only includes
the commonly used ones, i.e. the ones using SHA-1 or SHA-2 as hash
function. Some other algorithms (such as MD2 and MD5) are not safe
enough to be used as signature hash algorithms, and are omitted. The
IANA registry does not have code points for these other algorithms
with RSA Encryption. Note that there are no optional parameters in
any of these algorithm identifiers, but all included here need NULL
optional parameters present in the ASN.1.
See "Algorithms and Identifiers for PKIX Profile" ([RFC3279]) and
"Additional Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use
in PKIX Profile" ([RFC4055]) for more information.
A.1.1. sha1WithRSAEncryption
sha1WithRSAEncryption OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs-1(1) 5 }
Parameters are required, and they must be NULL.
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Name = sha1WithRSAEncryption, oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5
Length = 15
0000: 300d 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0505 00
A.1.2. sha256WithRSAEncryption
sha256WithRSAEncryption OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 11 }
Parameters are required, and they must be NULL.
Name = sha256WithRSAEncryption, oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11
Length = 15
0000: 300d 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0b05 00
A.1.3. sha384WithRSAEncryption
sha384WithRSAEncryption OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 12 }
Parameters are required, and they must be NULL.
Name = sha384WithRSAEncryption, oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.12
Length = 15
0000: 300d 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0c05 00
A.1.4. sha512WithRSAEncryption
sha512WithRSAEncryption OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 13 }
Parameters are required, and they must be NULL.
Name = sha512WithRSAEncryption, oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.13
Length = 15
0000: 300d 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0d05 00
A.2. DSA
With DSA algorithms, optional parameters are always omitted. Only
algorithm combinations for DSA listed in the IANA registry are
included.
See "Algorithms and Identifiers for PKIX Profile" ([RFC3279]) and
"PKIX Additional Algorithms and Identifiers for DSA and ECDSA"
([RFC5758] for more information.
A.2.1. dsa-with-sha1
dsa-with-sha1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840)
x9-57(10040) x9algorithm(4) 3 }
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Parameters are absent.
Name = dsa-with-sha1, oid = 1.2.840.10040.4.3
Length = 11
0000: 3009 0607 2a86 48ce 3804 03
A.2.2. dsa-with-sha256
dsa-with-sha256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-ccitt(2)
country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) algorithms(4)
id-dsa-with-sha2(3) 2 }
Parameters are absent.
Name = dsa-with-sha256, oid = 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.2
Length = 13
0000: 300b 0609 6086 4801 6503 0403 02
A.3. ECDSA
With ECDSA algorithms, the optional parameters are always omitted.
Only algorithm combinations for ECDSA listed in the IANA registry are
included.
See "Elliptic Curve Cryptography Subject Public Key Information"
([RFC5480]), "Algorithms and Identifiers for PKIX Profile"
([RFC3279]) and "PKIX Additional Algorithms and Identifiers for DSA
and ECDSA" ([RFC5758] for more information.
A.3.1. ecdsa-with-sha1
ecdsa-with-SHA1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840)
ansi-X9-62(10045) signatures(4) 1 }
Parameters are absent.
Name = ecdsa-with-sha1, oid = 1.2.840.10045.4.1
Length = 11
0000: 3009 0607 2a86 48ce 3d04 01
A.3.2. ecdsa-with-sha256
ecdsa-with-SHA256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
us(840) ansi-X9-62(10045) signatures(4) ecdsa-with-SHA2(3) 2 }
Parameters are absent.
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Name = ecdsa-with-sha256, oid = 1.2.840.10045.4.3.2
Length = 12
0000: 300a 0608 2a86 48ce 3d04 0302
A.3.3. ecdsa-with-sha384
ecdsa-with-SHA384 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
us(840) ansi-X9-62(10045) signatures(4) ecdsa-with-SHA2(3) 3 }
Parameters are absent.
Name = ecdsa-with-sha384, oid = 1.2.840.10045.4.3.3
Length = 12
0000: 300a 0608 2a86 48ce 3d04 0303
A.3.4. ecdsa-with-sha512
ecdsa-with-SHA512 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
us(840) ansi-X9-62(10045) signatures(4) ecdsa-with-SHA2(3) 4 }
Parameters are absent.
Name = ecdsa-with-sha512, oid = 1.2.840.10045.4.3.4
Length = 12
0000: 300a 0608 2a86 48ce 3d04 0304
A.4. RSASSA-PSS
With RSASSA-PSS, the algorithm object identifier must always be id-
RSASSA-PSS, and the hash function and padding parameters are conveyed
in the parameters (which are not optional in this case). See
[RFC4055] for more information.
A.4.1. RSASSA-PSS with empty parameters
id-RSASSA-PSS OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 10 }
Parameters are empty, but the ASN.1 part of the sequence must be
present. This means default parameters are used.
0000 : SEQUENCE
0002 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER RSASSA-PSS (1.2.840.113549.1.1.10)
000d : SEQUENCE
Length = 15
0000: 300d 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0a30 00
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A.4.2. RSASSA-PSS with default parameters
id-RSASSA-PSS OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 10 }
Here the parameters are present, and contain the default parameters,
i.e. hashAlgorithm of SHA-1, maskGenAlgorithm of mgf1SHA1, saltLength
of 20, trailerField of 1.
0000 : SEQUENCE
0002 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER RSASSA-PSS (1.2.840.113549.1.1.10)
000d : SEQUENCE
000f : CONTEXT 0
0011 : SEQUENCE
0013 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER id-sha1 (1.3.14.3.2.26)
001a : NULL
001c : CONTEXT 1
001e : SEQUENCE
0020 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.8
002b : SEQUENCE
002d : OBJECT IDENTIFIER id-sha1 (1.3.14.3.2.26)
0034 : NULL
0036 : CONTEXT 2
0038 : INTEGER 0x14 (5 bits)
003b : CONTEXT 3
003d : INTEGER 0x1 (1 bits)
Name = RSASSA-PSS with default parameters,
oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.10
Length = 64
0000: 303e 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0a30 31a0
0010: 0b30 0906 052b 0e03 021a 0500 a118 3016
0020: 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0830 0906 052b
0030: 0e03 021a 0500 a203 0201 14a3 0302 0101
A.4.3. RSASSA-PSS with SHA-256
id-RSASSA-PSS OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pkcs-1 10 }
Here the parameters are present, and contain hashAlgorithm of SHA-
256, maskGenAlgorithm of SHA-256, saltLength of 32, trailerField of
1.
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0000 : SEQUENCE
0002 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER RSASSA-PSS (1.2.840.113549.1.1.10)
000d : SEQUENCE
000f : CONTEXT 0
0011 : SEQUENCE
0013 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER id-sha256 (2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1)
001e : NULL
0020 : CONTEXT 1
0022 : SEQUENCE
0024 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.8
002f : SEQUENCE
0031 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER id-sha256 (2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1)
003c : NULL
003e : CONTEXT 2
0040 : INTEGER 0x20 (6 bits)
0043 : CONTEXT 3
0045 : INTEGER 0x1 (1 bits)
Name = RSASSA-PSS with sha-256, oid = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.10
Length = 72
0000: 3046 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0a30 39a0
0010: 0f30 0d06 0960 8648 0165 0304 0201 0500
0020: a11c 301a 0609 2a86 4886 f70d 0101 0830
0030: 0d06 0960 8648 0165 0304 0201 0500 a203
0040: 0201 20a3 0302 0101
Appendix B. IKEv2 Payload Example
B.1. sha1WithRSAEncryption
The IKEv2 AUTH payload would start like this:
00000000: NN00 00LL XX00 0000 0f30 0d06 092a 8648
00000010: 86f7 0d01 0105 0500 ....
Where the NN will be the next payload type (i.e. the value depends on
the next payload after this Authentication payload), the LL will be
the length of this payload, and after the sha1WithRSAEncryption ASN.1
block (15 bytes) there will be the actual signature, which is omitted
here.
Note to the RFC editor / IANA, replace the XX above with the newly
allocated authentication method type for Digital Signature, and
remove this note.
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Authors' Addresses
Tero Kivinen
INSIDE Secure
Eerikinkatu 28
HELSINKI FI-00180
FI
Email: kivinen@iki.fi
Joel Snyder
Opus One
1404 East Lind Road
Tucson, AZ 85719
Phone: +1 520 324 0494
Email: jms@opus1.com
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