Internet DRAFT - draft-kjsun-dmm-deployment-scenarios-multicast-dmm
draft-kjsun-dmm-deployment-scenarios-multicast-dmm
Distributed Mobility Management Kyoungjae Sun
Internet Draft Truong-Xuan Do
Intended status: Informational Younghan Kim
Expires: April 2017 Soongsil University, Korea
October 31, 2016
Multicast mobility deployment scenarios over distributed mobility
management
draft-kjsun-dmm-deployment-scenarios-multicast-dmm-04.txt
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Abstract
This document presents deployment scenarios for supporting IP
multicast over distributed mobility management (DMM) architecture,
which considers the separation of the control and the data planes.
This document describes three main use cases of IP multicast
deployments over DMM depending on the placement of control and data
plane functional entities.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................ 2
2. Functional Decomposition..................................... 3
3. Terminology ................................................. 3
4. Use Cases Analysis .......................................... 4
4.1. Use Case 1 ............................................. 5
4.2. Use Case 2 ............................................. 6
5. Forwarding Policy Configuration for Multicast ................8
6. Security Considerations...................................... 9
7. IANA Considerations ......................................... 9
8. References .................................................. 9
8.1. Normative References.................................... 9
8.2. Informative References.................................. 9
9. Acknowledgments ..............................................9
1. Introduction
Distributed mobility management is a new paradigm to solve current
problems of centralized mobility management, such as a single point
of failure, non-optimal routing [RFC7333].
IP multicast is an efficient content distribution mechanism which is
designed with the IP mobility to bring new user experience and
reduce bandwidth cost. In the [RFC7333], one requirement for DMM is
to enable multicast solutions to avoid the inefficiency in the
multicast traffic delivery.
Existing solutions for supporting multicast in DMM are bi-
directional tunnel [TUNNEL] and direct routing [ROUTING]. These
solutions focus on the placement of MLD proxy and multicast router
functions into the Mobility Access Router.
The current architecture of the DMM is being changed to employ the
concept of data and control plane separation. The data plane nodes
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are configured by the control nodes via Forwarding Policy
Configuration protocol, as defined in [I-D.ietf-dmm-fpc-cpdp]. The
several deployment scenarios were presented in
[I-D.wt-dmm-deployment-model].
However, there is no work until now, mentioning about multicast
support in such new DMM architectures. Therefore, this document
presents possible deployment scenarios, which support multicast
listener in the DMM architectures based on the concept of the data
and control planes separation.
2. Functional Decomposition
Two options for deploying the multicast over conventional
distributed mobility management (i.e. without the control and data
plane separation) are MLD Proxy and Multicast router [RFC3810]
[RFC4605]. This section decomposes functions of MLD Proxy and
Multicast router that are required to deliver the multicast traffic
with the respect to the concept of data and control planes
separation. Below table is represented about functional description
for supporting multicast.
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Function | Description |C/D Plane|
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Run | Used to join/leave the multicast tree | C-Plane |
|multicast | infrastructure to receive the multicast | |
|routing | data | |
|protocol | | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
|MLD | Used to notify about the multicast group | C-Plane |
|membership | membership on the directly attached link | |
|report | | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
|MLD | Used to discover multicast listeners on | C-Plane |
|Querier | the directly attached link | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Membership | Used to maintain the merger of multicast | C-Plane |
|database | subscriptions | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Multicast | Used to forward multicast packets based on| D-Plane |
|forwarding | the multicast subscriptions over each link| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
Figure 1: Functional descriptions for supporting multicast
3. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [RFC2119].
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This document uses the terminology defined in [RFC4605] and
[RFC3810]. Also, new entities are defined relying on the concept of
data and control planes separation and the functional decomposition.
Terminologies are similarly named as DMM functions defined in
[wt-dmm-deployment-model].
- CMA (Control plane Multicast Anchor): CMA consists of the control
plane functions of the multicast router (Multicast Anchor). CMA is
responsible for joining the multicast tree.
- DMA (Data plane Multicast Anchor): DMA is the topological anchor
point for multicast channels, subscribed by the MN. DMA provides
packet treatment functions, such as packet forwarding, packet
encapsulation. The DMA can be configured by the CMA via Forwarding
Policy Configuration (FPC) protocol
- CMN (Control plane Multicast Node): CMN is responsible for
control plane functions of MLD-Proxy (multicast node) as described
in the previous section.
- DMN (Data plane Multicast Node): DMN is located at the first-hop
router where the MN is attached. The DMN has the protocol
interface with the CMN for configuration.
4. Use Cases Analysis
Following defined terminologies, we adjust these entities into
current centralized approaches which support multicast in
centralized mobility architecture. Current multicast support
approaches in centralized mobility architecture are defined in
[RFC6224] and [RFC7028]. Since both approaches are based on PMIPv6,
we use DMM entities which are mapped with PMIPv6 entities. Following
table identifies the potential mapping of DMM function defined in
[I-D.wt-dmm-deployment-model].
+===========+==========+==========+==========+==========+==========+
| FUNCTION | PMIPv6 | MIPv6 | IPsec | 3GPP | Broadband|
+===========+==========+==========+==========+==========+==========+
| Home-CPA | LMA-CPA | HA-CPA | IKE-CPA | PGW-CPA | BNG-CPA |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Home-DPA | LMA-DPA | HA-DPA | IKE-DPA | PGW-DPA | BNG-DPA |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
|Access-CPN | MAG-CPN | - | - | SGW-CPN | RG-CPN |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
|Access-DPN | MAG-DPN | - | - | SGW-DPN | RG-DPN |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
Figure 2: Mapping of DMM functions
For supporting multicast, several entities are already defined in
IETF and 3GPP. Following table idientifies the potential mapping of
multicast functions with our defined terminologies.
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+===========+=============+======================+
| FUNCTIONS | 3GPP | IETF |
+===========+=============+======================+
| CMA | BMSC-CPA | Multicast Router-CPA |
+-----------+-------------+----------------------+
| DMA | BMSC-DPA | Multicast Router-DPA |
+-----------+-------------+----------------------+
| CPN | MBMS-GW-CPN | Multicast Proxy-CPN |
+-----------+-------------+----------------------+
| DPN | MBMS-GW-DPN | Multicast Proxy-DPN |
+-----------+-------------+----------------------+
Figure 3: Mapping of Multicast functions
4.1. Use Case 1
First use case is based on [RFC 6224], which LMA has a role of
both unicast and multicast anchor in PMIPv6 domain. In that
approaches, LMA transposes any MLD message from a MAG into the
multicast routing infrastructure and creates appropriate multicast
forwarding states at its tunnel interface between LMA-to-MAG.
Additionally, LMA acts as a MLD Querier. MAG acts as MLD proxy
which forwards multicast traffic and initiates related signaling
down to the appropriate MN. In this approach, most importantly,
mobility entities are tightly coupled with multicast support
functions. In other words, there is no additional entities to
support multicast besides adding more functions into their PMIPv6
entities.
Considering DMM deployment scenario with separation of control and
data plane, two possible deployment models are existed. First
model is that separated control and user plane model presented in
Figure 4. In this model, the control plane function of multicast
anchor is handled by the CMA and where as the data plane function
is handled by DMA. The control plane function of the MLD proxy is
handled by CMN and where as the data plane function is handled by
DMN. Between control plane nodes, CMA and CMN, multicast related
signaling messages are used to manage multicast group and make
upstream/downstream interfaces to appropriate nodes. After a
mobile node wants to join specific multicast channel and all
related signaling messages are exchanged between control plane
functions, control plane functions interact with their
corresponding data plane nodes for the multicast traffic
forwarding state management.
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=====================
== ===
= Multicast Infrastructure =
=========================
|
+================+ FPC +================+
| CMA + Home-CPA |-------| DMA + Home-DPA |
+================+ +================+
| |
| MLD/IGMP | UP {Tunnel/Route}
| |
+==================+ FPC +==================+
| CMN + Access-CPN |-----| DMN + Access-DPN |
+==================+ +==================+
Figure 4: Separated control and user plane model with
multicast supports
Another possible deployment model is that centralized control
plane model presented in Figure 5. In this model, the control
plane functions of multicast anchor and MLD proxy are combined
into a combined control function of DMM. There is no signaling
messages between multicast anchor and MLD proxy. Between the
control plane and the data plane nodes, FPC protocol defined
[I-D.ietf-dmm-fpc-cpdp] can be used to managing forwarding states
of multicast traffic.
=====================
== ===
= Multicast Infrastructure =
========================
|
+================+ FPC +================+
| CMA + Home-CPA |-------| DMA + Home-DPA |
| | +================+
| | |
| | | UP {Tunnel/Route}
| | |
| | FPC +=================+
|CMN + Access-CPN|-------| DMN + Access-DPN|
+================+ +=================+
Figure 5: Centralized control plane model with multicast supports
4.2. Use Case 2
In [RFC 7028], it separates multicast function into PMIPv6
entities. Following that document, two approaches are proposed;
Multicast Tree Mobility Anchor (MTMA) solution and Direct routing
solution. In the MTMA solution, the MTMA is dedicated to multicast
traffic and used to get access to remote multicast content. That
is, the MTMA acts as multicast router or MLD proxy. When MN attach
to this architecture and receive both unicast and multicast
traffic, since the MAG connects to both unicast anchor (e.g. LMA)
and multicast anchor (e.g. MTMA), MN can simultaneously receive
both unicast and multicast traffic from same MAG. For that, the
MAG should support MLD proxy function in [RFC4605] and maintain
its upstream/downstream interfaces to appropriate nodes. For
multicast traffic, a multicast tunnel is established between MAG
and MTMA.
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Considering DMM deployment scenario with separation of control and
data plane, MTMA approach can be described as Figure 6. In this
figure, all multicast functions are deployed separately from
unicast DMM function except access data plane function. In the
access data plane, it maintains two forwarding states; unicast
traffic forwarding states and multicast forwarding states. Unicast
forwarding states are anchored by Home-DPA and multicast
forwarding states are anchored by DMA. The control plane functions
of DMM can be centralized and also the control functions of
multicast can be centralized.
=====================
== ===
+=================+ = Multicast Infrastructure =
| Unicast Traffic | ========================
+=================+ | .
| | .
| | . MLD/IGMP
+======+ +======+ | .
| Home |_FPC_| Home | +=====+ +=====+
| -CPA | | -DPA | | DMA |---FPC--| CMA |
+======+ +======+ +=====+ +=====+
| || || |
|PMIP/ || UP || UP | MLD/IGMP
|GTP ||{Tunnel/route} ||{Tunnel/route}|
+======+ +======================+ +=====+
|Access|_FPC_| Access-DPN + DMN |____FPC__| CMN |
| -CPN | | | +======+
+======+ +======================+
Figure 6: MTMA solution model with separated control
and data plane
Direct routing solution in [RFC7028] allows the MAG to directly
connect to a multicast router. In this case, there is no multicast
anchor and the MAG acts as the MLD proxy. For multicast traffic,
the upstream interface of the MLD proxy instance has been
configured pointing to a multicast router internal to the PMIPv6
domain. The MAG does not manage multicast group information. It
just maintain upstream/downstream interface and performs MLD proxy
operations defined in [RFC4605].
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Considering DMM deployment scenario with separation of control and
data plane, direct routing approach can be described as Figure 7.
In this figure, the multicast anchor function and the multicast
access function are combined into single control/data plane nodes.
In the access data plane node, it maintains both unicast and
multicast forwarding states and interfaces to the appropriate
nodes. Similar with the MTMA solution, the control plane functions
of DMM or the control functions of multicast can be centralized.
=====================
== ===
+ ================+ = Multicast Infrastructure =
| Unicast Traffic | =========================
+=================+ |
| |
| |
+======+ +======+ |
| Home |_FPC_| Home | +===========+
| -CPA | | -DPA | | Legacy MR |
+======+ +======+ +===========+
| || || .
|PMIP/ || UP || UP . MLD/IGMP
|GTP || {Tunnel/Route} || .
+========+ +=========================+ +===========+
| Access |_FPC_| Access-DPN |___FPC__| CMA + CMN |
| -CPN | | DMA+DMN | +===========+
+========+ +=========================+
Figure 7: Direct routing solution model with separated control
and data plane
5. Forwarding Policy Configuration for Multicast
For communicating between DMM control plane and data plane
function, Forwarding Policy Configuration (FPC) protocol is
proposed in [I-D.ietf-dmm-fpc-cpdp]. FPC protocol enables the
configuration of any data plane node and type by the abstraction
of configuration details and the use of common configuration
semantics. In recent document gives detail protocol attributes and
operation parameters. Considering multicast support, we need to
make sure that the current FPC protocol is resolved to create a
forwarding rules for multicast traffic. For example, we can add
identifier which represent multicast source address or add
attribute for specific multicast group.
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6. Security Considerations
T.B.D
7. IANA Considerations
T.B.D
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC7333] H. Chan, D. Liu, P. Seite, H. Yokota, and J. Korhonen,
"Requirements for Distributed Mobility Management", IETF
RFC 7333, Aug. 2014.
[RFC3810] R. Vida, and L. Costa, "Multicast Listener Discovery
Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6", IETF RFC 3810, June 2004.
[RFC4605] B. Fenner, H. He, B. Haberman, H. Sandick, "Internet Group
Management Protocol (IGMP)/ Multicast Listener Discovery
(MLD)-Based Multicast Forwarding ("IGMP/MLD Proxying")",
IETF RFC 4605, Aug. 2006.
8.2. Informative References
[TUNNEL] S. Figueiredo, S. Jeon, and R. L. Aguiar, "IP Multicast Use
Cases and Analysis over Distributed mobility
Management",draft-sfigueiredo-multimob-use-case-dmm-03
(expired April 2013).
[ROUTING] Y. Kim, T-X. Do, and Y. Kim, "Direct Routing for Mobile
Multicasting in Distributed Mobility Management Domain",
Proc. INTERNET 2013 pp. 1-3.
[I-D.ietf-dmm-fpc-cpdp] M. Liebsch, S. Matsushima, S. Bundavelli, D.
Moses, "Protocol for Forwarding Policy Configuration
(FPC)", draft-ietf-dmm-fpc-cpdp-03 (work in progress),
March 2016.
[I-D.wt-dmm-deployment-model] S. Gundavelli, "DMM Depolyment Models
and Architectural Considerations", draft-wt-dmm-deployment
-models-00 (work in progress), April 2016.
[RFC6224] Schmidt, T., Waehlisch, M., Krishnan, S., "Base Deployment
for Multicast Listener Support in Proxy Mobile IPv6
(PMIPv6) Domains", RFC 6224, April 2011.
9. Acknowledgments
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Authors' Addresses
Kyoungjae Sun
Soongsil University
369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu
Seoul 156-743, Korea
Email: gomjae@ssu.ac.kr
Truong-Xuan Do
Soongsil University
369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu
Seoul 156-743, Korea
Email: xuan@dcn.ssu.ac.kr
Younghan Kim
Soongsil University
369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu
Seoul 156-743, Korea
Email: younghak@dcn.ssu.ac.kr
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