Internet DRAFT - draft-thaler-bpf-isa
draft-thaler-bpf-isa
Network Working Group D. Thaler, Ed.
Internet-Draft Microsoft
Intended status: Standards Track 25 September 2023
Expires: 28 March 2024
BPF Instruction Set Specification, v1.0
draft-thaler-bpf-isa-02
Abstract
This document specifies version 1.0 of the BPF instruction set.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 28 March 2024.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Documentation conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
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1.1. Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2. Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Instruction encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. Instruction classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. Arithmetic and jump instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Arithmetic instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. Byte swap instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3. Jump instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3.1. Helper functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.2. Program-local functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4. Load and store instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1. Regular load and store operations . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2. Sign-extension load operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3. Atomic operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4. 64-bit immediate instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.4.1. Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.4.2. Platform Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.5. Legacy BPF Packet access instructions . . . . . . . . . . 19
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7. Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1. Documentation conventions
For brevity and consistency, this document refers to families of
types using a shorthand syntax and refers to several expository,
mnemonic functions when describing the semantics of instructions.
The range of valid values for those types and the semantics of those
functions are defined in the following subsections.
1.1. Types
This document refers to integer types with the notation _SN_ to
specify a type's signedness (_S_) and bit width (_N_), respectively.
+=====+==========+
| _S_ | Meaning |
+=====+==========+
| _u_ | unsigned |
+-----+----------+
| _s_ | signed |
+-----+----------+
Table 1: Meaning of
signedness notation.
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+=======+===========+
| _N_ | Bit width |
+=======+===========+
| _8_ | 8 bits |
+-------+-----------+
| _16_ | 16 bits |
+-------+-----------+
| _32_ | 32 bits |
+-------+-----------+
| _64_ | 64 bits |
+-------+-----------+
| _128_ | 128 bits |
+-------+-----------+
Table 2: Meaning of
bit-width notation.
For example, _u32_ is a type whose valid values are all the 32-bit
unsigned numbers and _s16_ is a types whose valid values are all the
16-bit signed numbers.
1.2. Functions
* _htobe16_: Takes an unsigned 16-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 16-bit number in
big-endian format.
* _htobe32_: Takes an unsigned 32-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 32-bit number in
big-endian format.
* _htobe64_: Takes an unsigned 64-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 64-bit number in
big-endian format.
* _htole16_: Takes an unsigned 16-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 16-bit number in
little-endian format.
* _htole32_: Takes an unsigned 32-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 32-bit number in
little-endian format.
* _htole64_: Takes an unsigned 64-bit number in host-endian format
and returns the equivalent number as an unsigned 64-bit number in
little-endian format.
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* _bswap16_: Takes an unsigned 16-bit number in either big- or
little-endian format and returns the equivalent number with the
same bit width but opposite endianness.
* _bswap32_: Takes an unsigned 32-bit number in either big- or
little-endian format and returns the equivalent number with the
same bit width but opposite endianness.
* _bswap64_: Takes an unsigned 64-bit number in either big- or
little-endian format and returns the equivalent number with the
same bit width but opposite endianness.
1.3. Definitions
Sign Extend To _sign extend an_ X _-bit number, A, to a_ Y _-bit
number, B ,_ means to
1. Copy all X bits from _A_ to the lower X bits of _B_.
2. Set the value of the remaining Y - X bits of _B_ to the value
of the most-significant bit of _A_.
| *Example*
|
| Sign extend an 8-bit number A to a 16-bit number B on a big-
| endian platform:
|
| A: 10000110
| B: 11111111 10000110
2. Instruction encoding
BPF has two instruction encodings:
* the basic instruction encoding, which uses 64 bits to encode an
instruction
* the wide instruction encoding, which appends a second 64-bit
immediate (i.e., constant) value after the basic instruction for a
total of 128 bits.
The fields conforming an encoded basic instruction are stored in the
following order:
opcode:8 src_reg:4 dst_reg:4 offset:16 imm:32 // In little-endian BPF.
opcode:8 dst_reg:4 src_reg:4 offset:16 imm:32 // In big-endian BPF.
*imm* signed integer immediate value
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*offset* signed integer offset used with pointer arithmetic
*src_reg* the source register number (0-10), except where otherwise
specified (64-bit immediate instructions (Section 4.4) reuse this
field for other purposes)
*dst_reg* destination register number (0-10)
*opcode* operation to perform
Note that the contents of multi-byte fields ('imm' and 'offset') are
stored using big-endian byte ordering in big-endian BPF and little-
endian byte ordering in little-endian BPF.
For example:
opcode offset imm assembly
src_reg dst_reg
07 0 1 00 00 44 33 22 11 r1 += 0x11223344 // little
dst_reg src_reg
07 1 0 00 00 11 22 33 44 r1 += 0x11223344 // big
Note that most instructions do not use all of the fields. Unused
fields shall be cleared to zero.
As discussed below in 64-bit immediate instructions (Section 4.4), a
64-bit immediate instruction uses a 64-bit immediate value that is
constructed as follows. The 64 bits following the basic instruction
contain a pseudo instruction using the same format but with opcode,
dst_reg, src_reg, and offset all set to zero, and imm containing the
high 32 bits of the immediate value.
This is depicted in the following figure:
basic_instruction
.-----------------------------.
| |
code:8 regs:8 offset:16 imm:32 unused:32 imm:32
| |
'--------------'
pseudo instruction
Thus the 64-bit immediate value is constructed as follows:
| imm64 = (next_imm << 32) | imm
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where 'next_imm' refers to the imm value of the pseudo instruction
following the basic instruction. The unused bytes in the pseudo
instruction are reserved and shall be cleared to zero.
2.1. Instruction classes
The three LSB bits of the 'opcode' field store the instruction class:
+===========+=======+====================+==========================+
| class | value | description | reference |
+===========+=======+====================+==========================+
| BPF_LD | 0x00 | non-standard | Load and store |
| | | load operations | instructions (Section 4) |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_LDX | 0x01 | load into | Load and store |
| | | register | instructions (Section 4) |
| | | operations | |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_ST | 0x02 | store from | Load and store |
| | | immediate | instructions (Section 4) |
| | | operations | |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_STX | 0x03 | store from | Load and store |
| | | register | instructions (Section 4) |
| | | operations | |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_ALU | 0x04 | 32-bit | Arithmetic and jump |
| | | arithmetic | instructions (Section 3) |
| | | operations | |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_JMP | 0x05 | 64-bit jump | Arithmetic and jump |
| | | operations | instructions (Section 3) |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_JMP32 | 0x06 | 32-bit jump | Arithmetic and jump |
| | | operations | instructions (Section 3) |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
| BPF_ALU64 | 0x07 | 64-bit | Arithmetic and jump |
| | | arithmetic | instructions (Section 3) |
| | | operations | |
+-----------+-------+--------------------+--------------------------+
Table 3
3. Arithmetic and jump instructions
For arithmetic and jump instructions (BPF_ALU, BPF_ALU64, BPF_JMP and
BPF_JMP32), the 8-bit 'opcode' field is divided into three parts:
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+==============+========+===================+
| 4 bits (MSB) | 1 bit | 3 bits (LSB) |
+==============+========+===================+
| code | source | instruction class |
+--------------+--------+-------------------+
Table 4
*code* the operation code, whose meaning varies by instruction class
*source* the source operand location, which unless otherwise
specified is one of:
+========+=======+================================================+
| source | value | description |
+========+=======+================================================+
| BPF_K | 0x00 | use 32-bit 'imm' value as source operand |
+--------+-------+------------------------------------------------+
| BPF_X | 0x08 | use 'src_reg' register value as source operand |
+--------+-------+------------------------------------------------+
Table 5
*instruction class* the instruction class (see Instruction classes
(Section 2.1))
3.1. Arithmetic instructions
BPF_ALU uses 32-bit wide operands while BPF_ALU64 uses 64-bit wide
operands for otherwise identical operations. The 'code' field
encodes the operation as below, where 'src' and 'dst' refer to the
values of the source and destination registers, respectively.
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+===========+=======+=========+=====================================+
| code | value | offset | description |
+===========+=======+=========+=====================================+
| BPF_ADD | 0x00 | 0 | dst += src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_SUB | 0x10 | 0 | dst -= src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_MUL | 0x20 | 0 | dst *= src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_DIV | 0x30 | 0 | dst = (src != 0) ? (dst / |
| | | | src) : 0 |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_SDIV | 0x30 | 1 | dst = (src != 0) ? (dst s/ |
| | | | src) : 0 |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_OR | 0x40 | 0 | dst |= src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_AND | 0x50 | 0 | dst &= src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_LSH | 0x60 | 0 | dst <<= (src & mask) |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_RSH | 0x70 | 0 | dst >>= (src & mask) |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_NEG | 0x80 | 0 | dst = -dst |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_MOD | 0x90 | 0 | dst = (src != 0) ? (dst % |
| | | | src) : dst |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_SMOD | 0x90 | 1 | dst = (src != 0) ? (dst s% |
| | | | src) : dst |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_XOR | 0xa0 | 0 | dst ^= src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_MOV | 0xb0 | 0 | dst = src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_MOVSX | 0xb0 | 8/16/32 | dst = (s8,s16,s32)src |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_ARSH | 0xc0 | 0 | sign extending (Section 1.3) |
| | | | dst >>= (src & mask) |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
| BPF_END | 0xd0 | 0 | byte swap operations (see |
| | | | Byte swap instructions |
| | | | (Section 3.2) below) |
+-----------+-------+---------+-------------------------------------+
Table 6
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Underflow and overflow are allowed during arithmetic operations,
meaning the 64-bit or 32-bit value will wrap. If BPF program
execution would result in division by zero, the destination register
is instead set to zero. If execution would result in modulo by zero,
for BPF_ALU64 the value of the destination register is unchanged
whereas for BPF_ALU the upper 32 bits of the destination register are
zeroed.
BPF_ADD | BPF_X | BPF_ALU means:
dst = (u32) ((u32) dst + (u32) src)
where '(u32)' indicates that the upper 32 bits are zeroed.
BPF_ADD | BPF_X | BPF_ALU64 means:
dst = dst + src
BPF_XOR | BPF_K | BPF_ALU means:
dst = (u32) dst ^ (u32) imm32
BPF_XOR | BPF_K | BPF_ALU64 means:
dst = dst ^ imm32
Note that most instructions have instruction offset of 0. Only three
instructions (BPF_SDIV, BPF_SMOD, BPF_MOVSX) have a non-zero offset.
The division and modulo operations support both unsigned and signed
flavors.
For unsigned operations (BPF_DIV and BPF_MOD), for BPF_ALU, 'imm' is
interpreted as a 32-bit unsigned value. For BPF_ALU64, 'imm' is
first sign extended (Section 1.3) from 32 to 64 bits, and then
interpreted as a 64-bit unsigned value.
For signed operations (BPF_SDIV and BPF_SMOD), for BPF_ALU, 'imm' is
interpreted as a 32-bit signed value. For BPF_ALU64, 'imm' is first
sign extended (Section 1.3) from 32 to 64 bits, and then interpreted
as a 64-bit signed value.
The BPF_MOVSX instruction does a move operation with sign extension.
BPF_ALU | BPF_MOVSX sign extends (Section 1.3) 8-bit and 16-bit
operands into 32 bit operands, and zeroes the remaining upper 32
bits. BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MOVSX sign extends (Section 1.3) 8-bit,
16-bit, and 32-bit operands into 64 bit operands.
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Shift operations use a mask of 0x3F (63) for 64-bit operations and
0x1F (31) for 32-bit operations.
3.2. Byte swap instructions
The byte swap instructions use instruction classes of BPF_ALU and
BPF_ALU64 and a 4-bit 'code' field of BPF_END.
The byte swap instructions operate on the destination register only
and do not use a separate source register or immediate value.
For BPF_ALU, the 1-bit source operand field in the opcode is used to
select what byte order the operation converts from or to. For
BPF_ALU64, the 1-bit source operand field in the opcode is reserved
and must be set to 0.
+===========+===========+=======+===========================+
| class | source | value | description |
+===========+===========+=======+===========================+
| BPF_ALU | BPF_TO_LE | 0x00 | convert between host byte |
| | | | order and little endian |
+-----------+-----------+-------+---------------------------+
| BPF_ALU | BPF_TO_BE | 0x08 | convert between host byte |
| | | | order and big endian |
+-----------+-----------+-------+---------------------------+
| BPF_ALU64 | Reserved | 0x00 | do byte swap |
| | | | unconditionally |
+-----------+-----------+-------+---------------------------+
Table 7
The 'imm' field encodes the width of the swap operations. The
following widths are supported: 16, 32 and 64.
Examples:
BPF_ALU | BPF_TO_LE | BPF_END with imm = 16/32/64 means:
dst = htole16(dst)
dst = htole32(dst)
dst = htole64(dst)
BPF_ALU | BPF_TO_BE | BPF_END with imm = 16/32/64 means:
dst = htobe16(dst)
dst = htobe32(dst)
dst = htobe64(dst)
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BPF_ALU64 | BPF_TO_LE | BPF_END with imm = 16/32/64 means:
dst = bswap16(dst)
dst = bswap32(dst)
dst = bswap64(dst)
3.3. Jump instructions
BPF_JMP32 uses 32-bit wide operands while BPF_JMP uses 64-bit wide
operands for otherwise identical operations. The 'code' field
encodes the operation as below:
+==========+=======+=====+=====================+===================+
| code | value | src | description | notes |
+==========+=======+=====+=====================+===================+
| BPF_JA | 0x0 | 0x0 | PC += offset | BPF_JMP class |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JA | 0x0 | 0x0 | PC += imm | BPF_JMP32 class |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JEQ | 0x1 | any | PC += offset if dst | |
| | | | == src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JGT | 0x2 | any | PC += offset if dst | unsigned |
| | | | > src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JGE | 0x3 | any | PC += offset if dst | unsigned |
| | | | >= src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JSET | 0x4 | any | PC += offset if dst | |
| | | | & src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JNE | 0x5 | any | PC += offset if dst | |
| | | | != src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JSGT | 0x6 | any | PC += offset if dst | signed |
| | | | > src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JSGE | 0x7 | any | PC += offset if dst | signed |
| | | | >= src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_CALL | 0x8 | 0x0 | call helper | see Helper |
| | | | function by address | functions |
| | | | | (Section 3.3.1) |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_CALL | 0x8 | 0x1 | call PC += imm | see Program-local |
| | | | | functions |
| | | | | (Section 3.3.2) |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
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| BPF_CALL | 0x8 | 0x2 | call helper | see Helper |
| | | | function by BTF ID | functions |
| | | | | (Section 3.3.1) |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_EXIT | 0x9 | 0x0 | return | BPF_JMP only |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JLT | 0xa | any | PC += offset if dst | unsigned |
| | | | < src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JLE | 0xb | any | PC += offset if dst | unsigned |
| | | | <= src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JSLT | 0xc | any | PC += offset if dst | signed |
| | | | < src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
| BPF_JSLE | 0xd | any | PC += offset if dst | signed |
| | | | <= src | |
+----------+-------+-----+---------------------+-------------------+
Table 8
The BPF program needs to store the return value into register R0
before doing a BPF_EXIT.
Example:
BPF_JSGE | BPF_X | BPF_JMP32 (0x7e) means:
if (s32)dst s>= (s32)src goto +offset
where 's>=' indicates a signed '>=' comparison.
BPF_JA | BPF_K | BPF_JMP32 (0x06) means:
gotol +imm
where 'imm' means the branch offset comes from insn 'imm' field.
Note that there are two flavors of BPF_JA instructions. The BPF_JMP
class permits a 16-bit jump offset specified by the 'offset' field,
whereas the BPF_JMP32 class permits a 32-bit jump offset specified by
the 'imm' field. A > 16-bit conditional jump may be converted to a <
16-bit conditional jump plus a 32-bit unconditional jump.
3.3.1. Helper functions
Helper functions are a concept whereby BPF programs can call into a
set of function calls exposed by the underlying platform.
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Historically, each helper function was identified by an address
encoded in the imm field. The available helper functions may differ
for each program type, but address values are unique across all
program types.
Platforms that support the BPF Type Format (BTF) support identifying
a helper function by a BTF ID encoded in the imm field, where the BTF
ID identifies the helper name and type.
3.3.2. Program-local functions
Program-local functions are functions exposed by the same BPF program
as the caller, and are referenced by offset from the call
instruction, similar to BPF_JA. The offset is encoded in the imm
field of the call instruction. A BPF_EXIT within the program-local
function will return to the caller.
4. Load and store instructions
For load and store instructions (BPF_LD, BPF_LDX, BPF_ST, and
BPF_STX), the 8-bit 'opcode' field is divided as:
+==============+========+===================+
| 3 bits (MSB) | 2 bits | 3 bits (LSB) |
+==============+========+===================+
| mode | size | instruction class |
+--------------+--------+-------------------+
Table 9
The mode modifier is one of:
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+============+=======+==================+=====================+
| mode | value | description | reference |
| modifier | | | |
+============+=======+==================+=====================+
| BPF_IMM | 0x00 | 64-bit immediate | 64-bit immediate |
| | | instructions | instructions |
| | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
| BPF_ABS | 0x20 | legacy BPF | Legacy BPF Packet |
| | | packet access | access instructions |
| | | (absolute) | (Section 4.5) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
| BPF_IND | 0x40 | legacy BPF | Legacy BPF Packet |
| | | packet access | access instructions |
| | | (indirect) | (Section 4.5) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
| BPF_MEM | 0x60 | regular load and | Regular load and |
| | | store operations | store operations |
| | | | (Section 4.1) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
| BPF_MEMSX | 0x80 | sign-extension | Sign-extension load |
| | | load operations | operations |
| | | | (Section 4.2) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
| BPF_ATOMIC | 0xc0 | atomic | Atomic operations |
| | | operations | (Section 4.3) |
+------------+-------+------------------+---------------------+
Table 10
The size modifier is one of:
+===============+=======+=======================+
| size modifier | value | description |
+===============+=======+=======================+
| BPF_W | 0x00 | word (4 bytes) |
+---------------+-------+-----------------------+
| BPF_H | 0x08 | half word (2 bytes) |
+---------------+-------+-----------------------+
| BPF_B | 0x10 | byte |
+---------------+-------+-----------------------+
| BPF_DW | 0x18 | double word (8 bytes) |
+---------------+-------+-----------------------+
Table 11
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4.1. Regular load and store operations
The BPF_MEM mode modifier is used to encode regular load and store
instructions that transfer data between a register and memory.
BPF_MEM | <size> | BPF_STX means:
*(size *) (dst + offset) = src
BPF_MEM | <size> | BPF_ST means:
*(size *) (dst + offset) = imm32
BPF_MEM | <size> | BPF_LDX means:
dst = *(unsigned size *) (src + offset)
Where size is one of: BPF_B, BPF_H, BPF_W, or BPF_DW and 'unsigned
size' is one of u8, u16, u32 or u64.
4.2. Sign-extension load operations
The BPF_MEMSX mode modifier is used to encode sign-extension
(Section 1.3) load instructions that transfer data between a register
and memory.
BPF_MEMSX | <size> | BPF_LDX means:
dst = *(signed size *) (src + offset)
Where size is one of: BPF_B, BPF_H or BPF_W, and 'signed size' is one
of s8, s16 or s32.
4.3. Atomic operations
Atomic operations are operations that operate on memory and can not
be interrupted or corrupted by other access to the same memory region
by other BPF programs or means outside of this specification.
All atomic operations supported by BPF are encoded as store
operations that use the BPF_ATOMIC mode modifier as follows:
* BPF_ATOMIC | BPF_W | BPF_STX for 32-bit operations
* BPF_ATOMIC | BPF_DW | BPF_STX for 64-bit operations
* 8-bit and 16-bit wide atomic operations are not supported.
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The 'imm' field is used to encode the actual atomic operation.
Simple atomic operation use a subset of the values defined to encode
arithmetic operations in the 'imm' field to encode the atomic
operation:
+=========+=======+=============+
| imm | value | description |
+=========+=======+=============+
| BPF_ADD | 0x00 | atomic add |
+---------+-------+-------------+
| BPF_OR | 0x40 | atomic or |
+---------+-------+-------------+
| BPF_AND | 0x50 | atomic and |
+---------+-------+-------------+
| BPF_XOR | 0xa0 | atomic xor |
+---------+-------+-------------+
Table 12
BPF_ATOMIC | BPF_W | BPF_STX with 'imm' = BPF_ADD means:
*(u32 *)(dst + offset) += src
BPF_ATOMIC | BPF_DW | BPF_STX with 'imm' = BPF ADD means:
*(u64 *)(dst + offset) += src
In addition to the simple atomic operations, there also is a modifier
and two complex atomic operations:
+=============+==================+=============================+
| imm | value | description |
+=============+==================+=============================+
| BPF_FETCH | 0x01 | modifier: return old value |
+-------------+------------------+-----------------------------+
| BPF_XCHG | 0xe0 | BPF_FETCH | atomic exchange |
+-------------+------------------+-----------------------------+
| BPF_CMPXCHG | 0xf0 | BPF_FETCH | atomic compare and exchange |
+-------------+------------------+-----------------------------+
Table 13
The BPF_FETCH modifier is optional for simple atomic operations, and
always set for the complex atomic operations. If the BPF_FETCH flag
is set, then the operation also overwrites src with the value that
was in memory before it was modified.
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The BPF_XCHG operation atomically exchanges src with the value
addressed by dst + offset.
The BPF_CMPXCHG operation atomically compares the value addressed by
dst + offset with R0. If they match, the value addressed by dst +
offset is replaced with src. In either case, the value that was at
dst + offset before the operation is zero-extended and loaded back to
R0.
4.4. 64-bit immediate instructions
Instructions with the BPF_IMM 'mode' modifier use the wide
instruction encoding defined in Instruction encoding (Section 2), and
use the 'src' field of the basic instruction to hold an opcode
subtype.
The following table defines a set of BPF_IMM | BPF_DW | BPF_LD
instructions with opcode subtypes in the 'src' field, using new terms
such as "map" defined further below:
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+============+======+===+========================+========+=======+
|opcode |opcode|src|pseudocode |imm type|dst |
|construction| | | | |type |
+============+======+===+========================+========+=======+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x0|dst = imm64 |integer |integer|
|BPF_DW | | | | | | |
|BPF_LD | | | | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x1|dst = map_by_fd(imm) |map fd |map |
|BPF_DW | | | | | | |
|BPF_LD | | | | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x2|dst = |map fd |data |
|BPF_DW | | | |map_val(map_by_fd(imm)) | |pointer|
|BPF_LD | | |+ next_imm | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x3|dst = var_addr(imm) |variable|data |
|BPF_DW | | | | |id |pointer|
|BPF_LD | | | | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x4|dst = code_addr(imm) |integer |code |
|BPF_DW | | | | | |pointer|
|BPF_LD | | | | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x5|dst = map_by_idx(imm) |map |map |
|BPF_DW | | | | |index | |
|BPF_LD | | | | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
|BPF_IMM | |0x18 |0x6|dst = |map |data |
|BPF_DW | | | |map_val(map_by_idx(imm))|index |pointer|
|BPF_LD | | |+ next_imm | | |
+------------+------+---+------------------------+--------+-------+
Table 14
where
* map_by_fd(imm) means to convert a 32-bit file descriptor into an
address of a map (see Maps (Section 4.4.1))
* map_by_idx(imm) means to convert a 32-bit index into an address of
a map
* map_val(map) gets the address of the first value in a given map
* var_addr(imm) gets the address of a platform variable (see
Platform Variables (Section 4.4.2)) with a given id
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* code_addr(imm) gets the address of the instruction at a specified
relative offset in number of (64-bit) instructions
* the 'imm type' can be used by disassemblers for display
* the 'dst type' can be used for verification and JIT compilation
purposes
4.4.1. Maps
Maps are shared memory regions accessible by BPF programs on some
platforms. A map can have various semantics as defined in a separate
document, and may or may not have a single contiguous memory region,
but the 'map_val(map)' is currently only defined for maps that do
have a single contiguous memory region.
Each map can have a file descriptor (fd) if supported by the
platform, where 'map_by_fd(imm)' means to get the map with the
specified file descriptor. Each BPF program can also be defined to
use a set of maps associated with the program at load time, and
'map_by_idx(imm)' means to get the map with the given index in the
set associated with the BPF program containing the instruction.
4.4.2. Platform Variables
Platform variables are memory regions, identified by integer ids,
exposed by the runtime and accessible by BPF programs on some
platforms. The 'var_addr(imm)' operation means to get the address of
the memory region identified by the given id.
4.5. Legacy BPF Packet access instructions
BPF previously introduced special instructions for access to packet
data that were carried over from classic BPF. However, these
instructions are deprecated and should no longer be used.
5. IANA Considerations
This document proposes a new IANA registry for BPF instructions, as
follows:
* Name of the registry: BPF Instruction Set
* Name of the registry group: same as registry name
* Required information for registrations: The values to appear in
the entry fields.
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* Syntax of registry entries: Each entry has the following fields:
- opcode: a 1-byte value in hex format indicating the value of
the opcode field
- src: either a value indicating the value of the src field, or
"any"
- imm: either a value indicating the value of the imm field, or
"any"
- offset: either a value indicating the value of the offset
field, or "any"
- description: description of what the instruction does,
typically in pseudocode
- reference: a reference to the defining specification
- status: Permanent, Provisional, or Historical
* Registration policy (see RFC 8126 section 4 [RFC8126] for
details):
- Permanent: Standards action or IESG Review
- Provisional: Specification required
- Historical: Specification required
* Initial registrations: See the Appendix. Instructions other than
those listed as deprecated are Permanent. Any listed as
deprecated are Historical.
6. Acknowledgements
This draft was generated from instruction-set.rst in the Linux kernel
repository, to which a number of other individuals have authored
contributions over time, including Akhil Raj, Will Hawkins, Christoph
Hellwig, Jose E. Marchesi, Kosuke Fujimoto, Shahab Vahedi, Tiezhu
Yang, and Zheng Yejian, with review and suggestions by many others
including Alan Jowett, Alexei Starovoitov, Andrii Nakryiko, Daniel
Borkmann, David Vernet, Jim Harris, Quentin Monnet, Song Liu, Shung-
Hsi Yu, Stanislav Fomichev, and Yonghong Song.
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7. Appendix
Initial values for the BPF Instruction registry are given below. The
descriptions in this table are informative. In case of any
discrepancy, the reference is authoritative.
+======+===+====+======+==========================+===============+
|opcode|src|imm |offset|description | reference |
+======+===+====+======+==========================+===============+
|0x00 |0x0|any |0 |(additional immediate | 64-bit |
| | | | |value) | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x04 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)((u32)dst + | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(u32)imm) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x05 |0x0|0x00|0 |goto +offset | Jump |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x06 |0x0|0x00|0 |goto +imm | Jump |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x07 |0x0|any |0 |dst += imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x0c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)((u32)dst + | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(u32)src) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x0f |any|0x00|0 |dst += src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x14 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)((u32)dst - | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(u32)imm) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x15 |0x0|any |any |if dst == imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x16 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst == imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
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| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x17 |0x0|any |0 |dst -= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x0|any |0 |dst = imm64 | 64-bit |
| | | | | | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x1|any |0 |dst = map_by_fd(imm) | 64-bit |
| | | | | | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x2|any |0 |dst = | 64-bit |
| | | | |mva(map_by_fd(imm)) + | immediate |
| | | | |next_imm | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x3|any |0 |dst = variable_addr(imm) | 64-bit |
| | | | | | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x4|any |0 |dst = code_addr(imm) | 64-bit |
| | | | | | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x5|any |0 |dst = map_by_idx(imm) | 64-bit |
| | | | | | immediate |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x18 |0x6|any |0 |dst = | 64-bit |
| | | | |mva(map_by_idx(imm)) + | immediate |
| | | | |next_imm | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x1c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)((u32)dst - | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(u32)src) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x1d |any|0x00|any |if dst == src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
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+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x1e |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst == (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x1f |any|0x00|0 |dst -= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x20 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x21 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x22 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x23 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x24 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst * imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x25 |0x0|any |any |if dst > imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x26 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst > imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x27 |0x0|any |0 |dst *= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x28 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
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| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x29 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2a |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2b |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst * src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2d |any|0x00|any |if dst > src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2e |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst > (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x2f |any|0x00|0 |dst *= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x30 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x31 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x32 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
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|0x33 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x34 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst / imm) : 0) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x34 |0x0|any |1 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst s/ imm) : 0) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x35 |0x0|any |any |if dst >= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x36 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst >= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x37 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (imm != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |/ imm) : 0 | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x37 |0x0|any |1 |dst = (imm != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |s/ imm) : 0 | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x38 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x39 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3a |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3b |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
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+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst / src) : 0) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3c |any|0x00|1 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst s/ src) : 0) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3d |any|0x00|any |if dst >= src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3e |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst >= (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3f |any|0x00|0 |dst = (src != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |/ src) : 0 | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x3f |any|0x00|1 |dst = (src != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |s/ src) : 0 | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x40 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x41 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x42 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x43 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x44 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst | imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
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+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x45 |0x0|any |any |if dst & imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x46 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst & imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x47 |0x0|any |0 |dst |= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x48 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x49 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4a |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4b |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst | src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4d |any|0x00|any |if dst & src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4e |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst & (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x4f |any|0x00|0 |dst |= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 27]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x50 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x51 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x52 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x53 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x54 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst & imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x55 |0x0|any |any |if dst != imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x56 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst != imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x57 |0x0|any |0 |dst &= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x58 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x59 |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5a |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 28]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5b |any|any |any |(deprecated, | Legacy BPF |
| | | | |implementation-specific) | Packet access |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4.5) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst & src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5d |any|0x00|any |if dst != src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5e |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst != (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x5f |any|0x00|0 |dst &= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x61 |any|0x00|any |dst = *(u32 *)(src + | Load and |
| | | | |offset) | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x62 |0x0|any |any |*(u32 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |imm | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x63 |any|0x00|any |*(u32 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |src | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x64 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst << imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x65 |0x0|any |any |if dst s> imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 29]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
|0x66 |0x0|any |any |if (s32)dst s> (s32)imm | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x67 |0x0|any |0 |dst <<= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x69 |any|0x00|any |dst = *(u16 *)(src + | Load and |
| | | | |offset) | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6a |0x0|any |any |*(u16 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |imm | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6b |any|0x00|any |*(u16 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |src | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst << src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6d |any|0x00|any |if dst s> src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6e |any|0x00|any |if (s32)dst s> (s32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x6f |any|0x00|0 |dst <<= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x71 |any|0x00|any |dst = *(u8 *)(src + | Load and |
| | | | |offset) | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x72 |0x0|any |any |*(u8 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |imm | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 30]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x73 |any|0x00|any |*(u8 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |src | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x74 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst >> imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x75 |0x0|any |any |if dst s>= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x76 |0x0|any |any |if (s32)dst s>= (s32)imm | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x77 |0x0|any |0 |dst >>= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x79 |any|0x00|any |dst = *(u64 *)(src + | Load and |
| | | | |offset) | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7a |0x0|any |any |*(u64 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |imm | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7b |any|0x00|any |*(u64 *)(dst + offset) = | Load and |
| | | | |src | store |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 4) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst >> src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7d |any|0x00|any |if dst s>= src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7e |any|0x00|any |if (s32)dst s>= (s32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 31]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x7f |any|0x00|0 |dst >>= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x84 |0x0|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)-dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x85 |0x0|any |0 |call platform-agnostic | Helper |
| | | | |helper function imm | functions |
| | | | | | (Section |
| | | | | | 3.3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x85 |0x1|any |any |call PC += imm | Program-local |
| | | | | | functions |
| | | | | | (Section |
| | | | | | 3.3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x85 |0x2|any |0 |call platform-specific | Helper |
| | | | |helper function imm | functions |
| | | | | | (Section |
| | | | | | 3.3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x87 |0x0|0x00|0 |dst = -dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x94 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst % imm) : dst) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x94 |0x0|any |1 |dst = (u32)((imm != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst s% imm) : dst) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x95 |0x0|0x00|0 |return | Jump |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x97 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (imm != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |% imm) : dst | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x97 |0x0|any |1 |dst = (imm != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |s% imm) : dst | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 32]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
|0x9c |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)((src != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst % src) : dst) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x9c |any|0x00|1 |dst = (u32)((src != 0) ? | Arithmetic |
| | | | |(dst s% src) : dst) | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x9f |any|0x00|0 |dst = (src != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |% src) : dst | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0x9f |any|0x00|1 |dst = (src != 0) ? (dst | Arithmetic |
| | | | |s% src) : dst | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xa4 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst ^ imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xa5 |0x0|any |any |if dst < imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xa6 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst < imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xa7 |0x0|any |0 |dst ^= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xac |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst ^ src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xad |any|0x00|any |if dst < src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xae |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst < (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xaf |any|0x00|0 |dst ^= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 33]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
|0xb4 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32) imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb4 |0x0|any |8 |dst = (u32) (s32) (s8) | Arithmetic |
| | | | |imm | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb4 |0x0|any |16 |dst = (u32) (s32) (s16) | Arithmetic |
| | | | |imm | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb5 |0x0|any |any |if dst <= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xa6 |0x0|any |any |if (u32)dst <= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb7 |0x0|any |0 |dst = imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb7 |0x0|any |8 |dst = (s64) (s8) imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb7 |0x0|any |16 |dst = (s64) (s16) imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xb7 |0x0|any |32 |dst = (s64) (s32) imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xbc |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32) src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xbd |any|0x00|any |if dst <= src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xbe |any|0x00|any |if (u32)dst <= (u32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 34]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
|0xbf |any|0x00|0 |dst = src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x00|any |lock *(u32 *)(dst + | Atomic |
| | | | |offset) += src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x01|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u32 *)(dst + offset) += src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x40|any |*(u32 *)(dst + | Atomic |
| | | | |offset) |= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x41|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u32 *)(dst + offset) |= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x50|any |*(u32 *)(dst + offset) | Atomic |
| | | | |&= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0x51|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u32 *)(dst + offset) &= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0xa0|any |*(u32 *)(dst + offset) | Atomic |
| | | | |^= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0xa1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u32 *)(dst + offset) ^= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0xe1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | temp = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | *(u32 *)(dst + offset) = src| |
| | | | | src = temp | |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc3 |any|0xf1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 35]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
| | | | | temp = *(u32 *)(dst + offset)| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | if *(u32)(dst + offset) == R0| |
| | | | | *(u32)(dst + offset) = src| |
| | | | | R0 = temp | |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc4 |0x0|any |0 |dst = (u32)(dst s>> imm) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc5 |0x0|any |any |if dst s< imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc6 |0x0|any |any |if (s32)dst s< (s32)imm | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xc7 |0x0|any |0 |dst s>>= imm | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xcc |any|0x00|0 |dst = (u32)(dst s>> src) | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xcd |any|0x00|any |if dst s< src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xce |any|0x00|any |if (s32)dst s< (s32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xcf |any|0x00|0 |dst s>>= src | Arithmetic |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.1) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd4 |0x0|0x10|0 |dst = htole16(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd4 |0x0|0x20|0 |dst = htole32(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd4 |0x0|0x40|0 |dst = htole64(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 36]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd5 |0x0|any |any |if dst s<= imm goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd6 |0x0|any |any |if (s32)dst s<= (s32)imm | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd7 |0x0|0x10|0 |dst = bswap16(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd7 |0x0|0x20|0 |dst = bswap32(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xd7 |0x0|0x40|0 |dst = bswap64(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x00|any |lock *(u64 *)(dst + | Atomic |
| | | | |offset) += src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x01|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u64 *)(dst + offset) += src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x40|any |*(u64 *)(dst + | Atomic |
| | | | |offset) |= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x41|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u64 *)(dst + offset) |= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | lock src = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x50|any |*(u64 *)(dst + offset) | Atomic |
| | | | |&= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0x51|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u64 *)(dst + offset) &= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 37]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
|0xdb |any|0xa0|any |*(u64 *)(dst + offset) | Atomic |
| | | | |^= src | operations |
| | | | | | (Section 4.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0xa1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | *(u64 *)(dst + offset) ^= src| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | src = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0xe1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | temp = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | *(u64 *)(dst + offset) = src| |
| | | | | src = temp | |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdb |any|0xf1|any |lock: | Atomic |
| | | | | | operations |
| | | | | temp = *(u64 *)(dst + offset)| (Section 4.3) |
| | | | | if *(u64)(dst + offset) == R0| |
| | | | | *(u64)(dst + offset) = src| |
| | | | | R0 = temp | |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdc |0x0|0x10|0 |dst = htobe16(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdc |0x0|0x20|0 |dst = htobe32(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdc |0x0|0x40|0 |dst = htobe64(dst) | Byte swap |
| | | | | | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.2) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xdd |any|0x00|any |if dst s<= src goto | Jump |
| | | | |+offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
|0xde |any|0x00|any |if (s32)dst s<= (s32)src | Jump |
| | | | |goto +offset | instructions |
| | | | | | (Section 3.3) |
+------+---+----+------+--------------------------+---------------+
Table 15
8. Normative References
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 38]
Internet-Draft eBPF ISA September 2023
[RFC8126] "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in
RFCs", RFC 8126, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8126>.
Author's Address
Dave Thaler (editor)
Microsoft
Redmond, WA 98052
United States of America
Email: dthaler@microsoft.com
Thaler Expires 28 March 2024 [Page 39]
