Internet DRAFT - draft-zhao-detnet-enhanced-use-cases
draft-zhao-detnet-enhanced-use-cases
DETNET J. Zhao
Internet-Draft CAICT
Intended status: Standards Track Q. Xiong
Expires: 25 April 2024 ZTE Corporation
Z. Du
China Mobile
23 October 2023
Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Deterministic Networks
draft-zhao-detnet-enhanced-use-cases-00
Abstract
This document describes use cases and network requirements for
scaling deterministic networks which is not covered in RFC8578, such
as industrial internet, high experience Video and computing-aware
applications, and analyzes the classification for the three typical
use cases and applications.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 25 April 2024.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Enhanced Use Cases and Network Requirements . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1. Industrial Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1.1. Machine Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1.2. Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1.3. AGV intelligent control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1.4. AR Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. High Experience Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.1. Cloud VR and AR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.2. Cloud Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2.3. Cloud Live Streaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3. Computing-aware Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4. Classification of the Differentiated Applications . . . . . . 10
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1. Introduction
According to [RFC8655], Deterministic Networking (DetNet) operates at
the IP layer and delivers service which provides extremely low data
loss rates and bounded latency within a network domain. The bounded
latency indicates the minimum and maximum end-to-end latency from
source to destination and bounded jitter (packet delay variation).
[RFC8578] has presented use cases for diverse industries and these
use cases differ in their network topologies and requirements. It
should provide specific desired behaviors in DetNet.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-scaling-requirements] focus on the scaling
deterministic networks and describes the enhanced requirements for
DetNet enhanced data plane including the deterministic latency
guarantees and it also mentioned the enhanced DetNet should support
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 2]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
different levels of application requirements which is important for
the DetNet deployment. There are a variety of use cases in scaling
deterministic networks which is not covered in [RFC8578]. It is
required to provide the typical use cases for scaling deterministic
networks and analyze the SLAs requirements and desired behaviors in
enhanced DetNet.
The industries covered by the use cases in this document are:
* Industrial Internet (section 3.1)
* High Experience Video (section 3.2)
* Computing-Aware Applications (section 3.3)
This document describes use cases and network requirements for
scaling deterministic networks including industrial internet, high
experience Video and computing-aware applications and analyzes the
classification for the three typical use cases and applications.
1.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
2. Terminology
The terminology is defined as [RFC8655] and [RFC8578].
3. Enhanced Use Cases and Network Requirements
3.1. Industrial Internet
In the industrial internet, the entire industrial process can be
roughly divided into research and development design, production
manufacturing, operation and maintenance services. The typical
application prospects of deterministic networks mainly include ultra-
high definition video, AR/VR, Cloud-based robots, remote control,
machine vision, and cloud-based AGV. The scenarios such as machine
vision, AGV intelligent control, remote control, and AR assisted
robotic arm control demand deterministic requirements.
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 3]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
3.1.1. Machine Vision
The machine vision system needs to achieve real-time remote
monitoring function, which requires high-speed and large connectivity
characteristics. It can monitor the production process execution
management system (MES) of manufacturing enterprises through mobile
and portable terminals without entering the workshop, and obtain the
operating status of the visual inspection system, such as normal
operating time, effective operating time, fault cause etc. It is
bandwidth sensitive and demand cloud deployment and wide area hosting
requirements.
The following table shows the main network requirements of machine
vision.(These metrics are based on 3GPP Standard 3GPP TS 22.104, 3GPP
TR 22.261, and 3GPP TR 22.829.)
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Machine Vision Requirement | Attribute |
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Bandwidth | Real time upload of image |
| | information:>50M |
| | |
| One-way maximum delay | 10 ms |
| | |
| Availability | 99.99% |
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
Figure 1: Requirements of Machine Vision
3.1.2. Remote Control
Remote control can ensure personnel safety, improve production
efficiency, and achieve assistance from multiple production units.
In order to achieve the effect of remote control, the controller
needs to send status information to the controller through a
communication network based on remote perception. The controller
analyzes and makes decisions based on the received status
information, and then sends corresponding action instructions to the
controller through the communication network. The controller
executes the corresponding actions based on the received action
instructions, completing the remote control process. In order to
guarantee control effectiveness, communication network latency,
jitter, and reliability are even more important. The typical
application is Cloud-based PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). It
is jitter sensitive type and cloud based PLC demand wide area
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 4]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
hosting.
The following table describes requirements of Cloud-based PLC.
(These metrics are based on 3GPP Standard 3GPP TS 22.104, 3GPP TR
22.261, and 3GPP TR 22.829.)
+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Cloud-based PLC Requirement | Attribute |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Bandwidth | Image/video stream upload, |
| | upstream>50Mbps; |
| | PLC control command issued, |
| | downstream>50kbps; |
| | |
| One-way maximum delay |Within workshop level equipment:1ms|
| |Workshop level equipment room:10ms |
| |Remote operation in the park/city/ |
| |wide area: image upstream:20ms; |
| |Command issuance:10ms; |
| | |
| Maximum jitter | Less than 100 us |
| | |
| Availability | 99.999% |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
Figure 2: Requirements of Cloud-based PLC
3.1.3. AGV intelligent control
Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) is an intelligent device widely u sed
in highly automated places such as factory workshops, airports,
ports, freight warehouses, etc. It generally consists of three
parts: walking, navigation, and control systems. The automated AGV
is equipped with a camera to capture the scene in front of the
vehicle and upload it to the MEC and navigation system in real-time
through a 5G module for image analysis and route planning, achieving
fully automated logistics transportation. AGV has a certain driving
speed and is often used in cluster operation scenarios. Therefore, a
network connection with high deterministic delay and jitter is
required to transmit control signals.
The following table describes requirements of AGV intelligent
control.(These metrics are based on 3GPP Standard 3GPP TS 22.104,
3GPP TR 22.261, and 3GPP TR 22.829.)
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 5]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| AGV Intelligent Control | |
| Requirement | Attribute |
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Bandwidth |Schedule communication:>1Mbps, |
| |Real time communication:1Mbps~200Mbps |
| |Visual: 10Mbps~1Gbps |
| | |
| One-way maximum delay |Schedule communication:100ms |
| |Dispatching communication:100ms |
| |Real time communication:20ms~40ms |
| |Visual: 10ms~100ms |
| Availability | 99.9999% |
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
Figure 3: Requirements of AGV Intelligent Control
3.1.4. AR Assistance
With the intelligent and networked transformation and upgrading of
industrial manufacturing equipment, more and more AR assisted
intelligent robots will be used in advanced manufacturing. At the
same time, there are scenarios where multiple robot systems work
together, such as welding, stamping, etc. The robotic arm is the
most widely used automated mechanical device in the field of robotics
technology, in fields such as industrial manufacturing, medical
treatment, entertainment services, military, semiconductor
manufacturing, and space exploration. The more axis joints of the AR
assisted robotic arm, the higher the degree of freedom, and the
larger the angle of the operating range.
The following table describes requirements of AR Assistance. (These
metrics are based on 3GPP Standard 3GPP TS 22.104, 3GPP TR 22.261,
and 3GPP TR 22.829.)
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 6]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| AR Assistance Requirement| Attribute |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| Bandwidth | Maintenance guidance: |
| | downstream>50Mbps |
| | upstream > 20Mbps |
| | downstream>50kbps |
| | Auxiliary assembly: >50Mbps|
| | downstream: 1Mbps~30Mbps |
| | |
| One-way maximum delay |Maintenance guidance:20ms |
| |Auxiliary assembly:10ms |
| | |
| Maximum jitter | Less than 500 us |
| | |
| Availability | 99.999% |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
Figure 4: Requirements of AR Assistance
3.2. High Experience Video
3.2.1. Cloud VR and AR
The key feature of Cloud Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality (Cloud VR/
AR) is that content is on the cloud and rendering is on the cloud.
By utilizing powerful cloud capabilities, VR/AR user experience is
improved and terminal costs are reduced. VR/AR will quickly enter
Cloud VR/AR to promote the rapid popularization of VR/AR business.
Cloud AR/VR services exhibit strong latency sensitivity, and
different levels of experience require differentiated certainty.
Cloud VR/AR rendering and streaming latency are divided into three
parts: cloud processing, network transmission, and terminal
processing. Cloud VR/AR operation latency is divided into cloud
rendering latency and terminal secondary rendering and refresh
rendering processes.
The following table describes requirements of Cloud VR/AR. (These
metrics are based on 3GPP TR 22.261).
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 7]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Requirement | Bandwidth |One-way maximum delay|Packet loss rate|
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Cloud VR/AR Video |downstream | 50ms |no more than |
| comfortable | >75Mbps | |0.001% |
| experience | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Cloud VR/AR Video |downstream | 50ms |no more than |
|comfortable experience|>140Mbps | |0.001% |
|full perspective | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Cloud VR/AR strong |downstream | 15ms |no more than |
|interaction |>260Mbps | |0.001% |
|comfortable experience| | | |
|I frame and P frame | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Cloud VR/AR strong |downstream | 8ms |no more than |
|interaction |1Gbps | |0.0001% |
|8K ideal experience | | | |
|I frame and P frame | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
Figure 5: The Requirements of Cloud VR/AR
3.2.2. Cloud Games
Cloud Game is an online gaming technology based on cloud computing
technology. Cloud gaming technology enables lightweight devices with
relatively limited graphics processing and data computing
capabilities to run high-quality games. In cloud game scenarios,
game related computing is not run on the user terminal, but on a
cloud server, which renders the game scene as a video and audio
stream and transmits it to the user terminal through the network.
The user's cloud gaming experience relies on a high-quality, low
latency network environment.
The following table describes requirements of Cloud Games:
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Requirement | Bandwidth |One-way maximum delay|Video resolution|
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Junior level | >8Mbps | 150ms |720P |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| 3A professional level| >12Mbps | 60ms |1080P |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
| Level of esports | >40Mbps | 60ms |4K |
+----------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 8]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
Figure 6: Requirements of Cloud Games
3.2.3. Cloud Live Streaming
For scenarios such as concerts, press conferences, sports events, and
live events, cloud live streaming uses 5G uplink high bandwidth to
transmit 8K/VR videos. Combined with various applications such as
video analysis based on live streaming services, character and scene
recognition, real-time presentation of athlete and event data, and VR
live streaming interaction, it provides a brand new and rich event
viewing experience.
The following table describes requirements of Cloud live streaming:
+------------------------+---------------------+
| 8K live streaming | Attribute |
| 8K video feedback | |
+------------------------+---------------------+
| Bandwidth | upstream>100Mbps |
| | |
| One-way maximum delay | 200ms |
| | |
| Availability | 99.9% |
| | |
| Frame rate | 60 |
+------------------------+---------------------+
Figure 7: Requirements of Cloud Live Streaming
3.3. Computing-aware Applications
HPC and big data applications demand high bandwidth and high
reliability in carrying capacity. In the field of scientific
research, a large amount of computing power resources such as CPU,
GPU, memory, and other P-level or higher are usually required. The
bearer network needs to provide access data channels of 10G to 100G
or above, and propose high reliability and high isolation bearer
requirements.
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 9]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
In nuclear fusion experiments, the carrier network is required to
have 99.999% availability. DC remote disaster recovery proposes
deterministic load-bearing requirements for large bandwidth, low
latency, and secure isolation. DC remote disaster recovery
applications are mainly concentrated in industries such as finance
and bonds. The data consistency requirement for remote disaster
recovery multi activity systems should not exceed 10ms, and the data
consistency requirement for local disaster recovery multi activity
systems should be between 1.5ms and 2ms.
4. Classification of the Differentiated Applications
Classification and characteristics has been summarized from the
requirements of use cases as described in [RFC8578] and this
documents. Seven levels of typical applications have been defined
including on-site production control, remote production control,
production monitoring, production collection, video AI, AR/VR high
experience video and key control. Different levels of applications
differ in the network ranges and SLAs requirements such as bounded
latency, jitter, bandwidth, availability and isolation.
The following table summarizes deterministic requirements of
industrial internet, cloud video and new computing force
applications, ect.
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 10]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| | Classification | Typical Applications|Characteristics |Networks |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 1 | Production control | Industrial | low jitter |Local area |
| | in the park | internet | low latency | |
| | | PLC,etc | low bandwidth | |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 2 | Remote control | Industrial | low jitter |Local/ |
| | | internet | low latency |metropolitan/|
| | | cloud PLC,etc | low bandwidth |wide area |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 3 | Production data | Industry IoT data |low latency |Local/ |
| | collection | collection, etc |large connection |metropolitan/|
| | | |low speeds |wide area |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 4 | Production | Industry production |medium bandwidth |Local/ |
| | Monitoring | and safety video |bounded latency |metropolitan/|
| | | monitoring, etc | |wide area |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 5 | AR/VR high |Industry AR/VR |high bandwidth |Local/ |
| | experience video |assistance, |low latency |metropolitan/|
| | |consumer AR/VR, high | |wide area |
| | |experience cloud game| | |
| | |cloud live streaming | | |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 6 | AI for video |Machine vision and |high bandwidth |Local/ |
| | |high-definition |low latency |metropolitan/|
| | |quality inspection |high Availability|wide area |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
| 7 | Key control |Physical isolation |ultra high |Local/ |
| | |class of power grid: |Availability |metropolitan/|
| | |differential |and isolation |wide area |
| | |protection, etc. | | |
| | |critical control | | |
| | |class related to life| | |
| | |safety in industry | | |
+---+--------------------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------+
Figure 8: Classification and Characteristics of Typical Applications
5. Security Considerations
TBA
6. IANA Considerations
TBA
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 11]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
7. Acknowledgements
TBA
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-detnet-scaling-requirements]
Liu, P., Li, Y., Eckert, T. T., Xiong, Q., Ryoo, J.,
zhushiyin, and X. Geng, "Requirements for Scaling
Deterministic Networks", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
draft-ietf-detnet-scaling-requirements-04, 18 October
2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
detnet-scaling-requirements-04>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8578] Grossman, E., Ed., "Deterministic Networking Use Cases",
RFC 8578, DOI 10.17487/RFC8578, May 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8578>.
[RFC8655] Finn, N., Thubert, P., Varga, B., and J. Farkas,
"Deterministic Networking Architecture", RFC 8655,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8655, October 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8655>.
[RFC8664] Sivabalan, S., Filsfils, C., Tantsura, J., Henderickx, W.,
and J. Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication
Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8664,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8664, December 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8664>.
[RFC9320] Finn, N., Le Boudec, J.-Y., Mohammadpour, E., Zhang, J.,
and B. Varga, "Deterministic Networking (DetNet) Bounded
Latency", RFC 9320, DOI 10.17487/RFC9320, November 2022,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9320>.
Authors' Addresses
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 12]
Internet-Draft Enhanced Use cases for Scaling Determini October 2023
Junfeng Zhao
CAICT
China
Email: zhaojunfeng@caict.ac.cn
Quan Xiong
ZTE Corporation
China
Email: xiong.quan@zte.com.cn
Zongpeng Du
China Mobile
China
Email: duzongpeng@chinamobile.com
Zhao, et al. Expires 25 April 2024 [Page 13]
